阿尔泰山东部阿尔沙特地区酸性火山岩锆石U-Pb定年及地质意义

阿尔泰山东部诺尔特—阿尔沙特地区晚古生代火山岩十分发育,其中阿尔沙特一带出露一套片理化蚀变流纹岩与含凝灰质英安流纹岩的岩石组合,呈北西—南东向带状展布,前人将其划为石炭系红山嘴组a段,其岩性组合明显区别于红山嘴组b、c段地层,且稳定成规模出露。本次工作笔者对其进行了LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb测年,获得锆石的~(206)Pb/~(238)U和~(207)Pb/~(235)U谐和年龄为(400.5±4.6)Ma,~(206)Pb/~(238)U年龄加权平均值为(400.4±3.6)Ma,代表岩浆结晶年龄,时代为早泥盆世,较前人认为的石炭纪早。结合区域地质资料分析认为,(400.4±3.6)Ma区内古大洋俯冲已达到顶峰阶段,该火山岩形成于活动大陆边缘构造环境。     

甘肃天祝地区乌鞘岭一带双峰式火山岩 的发现及其构造环境

北祁连乌鞘岭一带出露一套以玄武质岩石为主的双峰式火山岩组合,火山岩岩石类型以变质玄武岩为主,夹少量的流纹岩。玄武质岩石为蚀变玄武岩,属拉斑玄武岩系列,低SiO2、K2O,高Ti,富Na、Th、U等,轻稀土元素亏损—略富集型,无明显Eu异常,微量元素具Nb、Ta负异常。流纹质岩石属钙碱性系列,高SiO2,低K2O,为钠质系列,大离子亲石元素富集,具明显的Nb、P、Ti、Sr负异常和Th、U正异常,轻稀土元素富集,(La/Yb)N为2.98~11.46,Eu负异常明显,δEu介于0.07~0.60之间。结合区域资料分析,乌鞘岭双峰式火山岩可能形成于弧后盆地环境。     

松辽盆地西缘早白垩世伸展事件：流纹岩锆石U Pb年龄、地球化学研究

为研究松辽盆地西缘大兴安岭早白垩世火山岩的构造属性,对研究区内流纹岩开展锆石U-Pb测年和地球化学测定。锆石U-Pb定年结果显示,流纹岩形成于131.6±0.6~123.9±1.7Ma,属早白垩世。主量元素分析表明,流纹岩具高硅(SiO_2=69.08%~79.58%)、富碱(K_2O+Na_2O=5.93%~9.76%,平均为8.14),富钾(K_2O/Na_2O大于1.0,平均为2.14)、贫钙镁(平均CaO为0.60、MgO为0.27)和高FeOT/MgO(平均为6.77)比值的特征,属过铝质(A/CNK=1.35~1.78)高钾钙碱性—钾玄武岩系列岩石。据微量元素地球化学特征将其划分为两组:Ⅰ组流纹岩稀土元素总量较高(∑REE介于149.04×10~(-6)~213.18×10~(-6)之间,平均为172.35×10~(-6)),轻稀土元素(LREE)富集、轻重稀土元素分馏较强[(La/Yb)_N=4.89~11.87,平均为7.75)],中等—弱负铕异常(δEu=0.54~0.88,平均为0.70),配分曲线右倾模式,强烈富集大离子亲石元素(LILE)Rb,Ba,Th,K和亏损高场强元素(HFSE)_Nb,Ta,P和Ti;Ⅱ组流纹岩以稀土总量(∑REE平均为142.60×10~(-6))相对较低,具相对较强的负铕异常(δEu=0.05~0.46,平均为0.27),配分曲线相对较平缓以及Ba,Sr,P,Ti元素的强烈亏损与Ⅰ组流纹岩相区别,两组流纹岩地球化学成分相关性较好,二者均有低的Sr(206×10~(-6))和高Yb(大于2)含量,具壳源和造山后花岗岩的特征。结合最新资料及本文研究成果,初步认为研究区流纹岩为地壳部分熔融的产物,之后经历强烈的矿物分离结晶作用,与蒙古—鄂霍次克造山后伸展作用有关。     

内蒙古扎鲁特旗白音高老组火山岩锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学特征及其地质意义

内蒙古扎鲁特旗地区发育的白音高老组,其岩性主要为一套酸性火山岩组成。锆石U-Pb测年结果显示白音高老组火山岩的年龄为127 Ma±1.2 Ma(MSWD=0.80)。为早白垩世。岩石地球化学数据表明:白音高老组火山岩具有高硅富碱(wSiO2平均为75.84%,wNa2O+K2O平均为8.63%)、贫镁(0.05%~0.12%)、贫钙(0.18%~0.28%)的特征。相对富集元素Rb,Th和U;亏损元素Sr,Ti,P。稀土总量(ΣREE)偏低(ΣREE介于125.10×10-6~158.20×10-6之间)。(La/Sm)N介于3.15~5.20之间,轻稀土元素分馏较为明显;具有明显的负Eu异常(δEu平均值0.40);稀土元素分配模式为右倾型。研究显示,该地区火山岩具有A型花岗岩的特征,其形成机制由下地壳玄武质岩石部分熔融,与蒙古-鄂霍茨克洋的演化有关,形成于造山后的伸展环境。     

大兴安岭克一河地区满克头鄂博组火山岩形成时代、地球化学特征及地质意义

大兴安岭北段克一河地区满克头鄂博组岩石主体岩性为流纹质、英安质火山岩,火山岩TAS图解中显示其为流纹岩。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果显示,其形成于(139±2)Ma。火山岩多为高钾钙碱性系列,具有高SiO_2和全碱含量。稀土元素总量较低(ΣREE=137.34×10~(-6)~191.18×10~(-6)),轻重稀土元素分馏明显((La/Yb)_N=12.57~22.25),具中等负Eu异常(δEu=0.40~0.72)。富集大离子亲石元素Rb、Th、U和轻稀土元素,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、P、Ti。岩石Sr平均值为115×10~(-6),Yb的平均值为1.70×10~(-6),Y/Yb平均值为9.46,(Ho/Yb)_N平均值为1.04,且具负的Eu异常,暗示岩浆可能来源于加厚麻粒岩下地壳部分熔融,结合区域特征,推测该火山岩可能形成于蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋闭合碰撞造山所导致的地壳加厚环境。     

青藏高原东北缘伯阳地区第三系流纹岩地球化学及岩石成因

伯阳第三系流纹岩出露于青藏高原东北缘特殊的构造部位,位于青藏、华北和扬子三大构造域的交接转换区域。岩石的w(Si O2)介于68%~76%,w(K2O)>w(Na2O),w(K2O)/w(Na2O)平均值1·25,为一套典型的壳源流纹岩岩石系列。岩石微量及稀土元素具有典型的板内火山岩特征,K、Th、Rb等元素呈较明显的富集状态,而岩石显著的低Sr特征((19~120)×10-6)表明其并非源自加厚的下地壳,而是起源于斜长石稳定的正常下地壳。正是由于新生代期间青藏高原东北缘强烈的造山环境,加之渭河断裂的发育为下地壳物质提供了减压熔融的有利条件,从而诱发下地壳的局部熔融,形成伯阳酸性火山岩的原始岩浆。该岩浆体系沿区域断裂构造体系上升,并经历了较强的结晶分异和演化,最终形成伯阳第三系流纹岩系列。     

内蒙古大座子山铜多金属矿火山岩地球化学、Sr-Nd同位素特征及地质意义

文章系首次报道大座子山铜多金属矿火山岩特征。矿区位于华北地台北缘,西拉木伦河深大断裂和少郎河深大断裂之间,矿区流纹岩、粗面岩与成矿密切相关。流纹岩Si O2含量74.93%~76.36%,Al2O3含量11.22%~11.70%,较为富碱,K2O/Na2O为1.29~1.54;粗面岩Si O2含量65.52%~68.04%,Al2O3含量15.05%~16.38%,富碱,K2O/Na2O为0.85~1.64。两种岩石均属于准铝-弱过铝系列。流纹岩属高钾钙碱性系列;粗面岩属高钾钙碱性-钾玄岩系列。两种火山岩稀土配分整体呈右倾趋势,流纹岩强烈Eu负异常,粗面岩Eu呈弱正异常特征。除Ba、Sr、Ti等明显低于粗面岩外,流纹岩其他微量元素含量均与粗面岩相当,呈富集大离子亲石元素(LILE),亏损高场强元素(HFSE)特征。两种岩石具有类似的(87Sr/86Sr)i和(143Nd/144Nd)i初始比值,分别介于0.7046~0.7063和0.5119~0.5122(t=155 Ma),εNd(t)为-4.24~-10.37,同为存留于中元古界下地壳的斜长角闪岩类经重熔作用而形成。大座子山流纹岩、粗面岩形成的构造环境是造山期后伸展条件的板内环境,即在晚侏罗世(150~160 Ma)受到了蒙古—鄂霍次克海"剪刀式"闭合造山后的伸展条件和岩石圈减薄作用的影响,由存留于中元古界下地壳的斜长角闪岩类熔融而形成的一套高钾钙碱性-钾玄岩系列的火山岩。     

大兴安岭中段突泉盆地呼日格组火山岩地球化学特征

对大兴安岭中段突泉盆地出露的中侏罗世呼日格组火山岩进行详细的岩石学和地球化学研究,探讨该组火山岩成因、岩石物质来源及其地质意义。突泉盆地中侏罗世火山岩为一套中酸性岩石,主要为粗安岩、粗面英安岩和流纹岩。地球化学研究表明,岩石为典型的高钾钙碱性,稀土元素平均总含量分别为74×10~(-6)、90×10~(-6)和63×10~(-6);(La/Yb)_N平均为8. 64、9. 33和2. 72;轻重稀土元素分馏明显;δEu分别平均为0. 95、0. 89和0. 11,具有Eu负异常。岩石富集LREE和Rb、K等大离子亲石元素和高场强元素Th、U,明显亏损Nb、Ta、P、Ti等高场强元素;微量元素标准化配分曲线与地壳配分曲线相近,为一套壳源岩浆系列火山岩。该套火山岩可能是在碰撞造山构造背景下,基性岩浆底侵加厚的地壳下部部分熔融后上涌分异结晶形成。结合大兴安岭中生代盆岭构造演化特点,突泉盆地中侏罗世至早白垩世的火山岩形成于蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋闭合造山阶段的构造背景。     

大兴安岭北段图里河地区满克头鄂博组火山岩年代学及地球化学

对大兴安岭北段图里河地区满克头鄂博组火山岩进行了锆石U-Pb年代学及岩石地球化学研究,以便对其岩石成因和构造背景给予制约。流纹岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,该地区满克头鄂博组火山岩形成时代为晚侏罗世(157±1Ma)。该组火山岩具有高硅(Si O2=69.09%~75.92%)、富碱(K2O+Na2O=8.04%~9.23%),贫镁、铁、钙的特征,属高钾钙碱性、偏铝质-弱过铝质岩石;稀土元素配分曲线呈轻稀土富集的右倾形式,(La/Yb)N=5.85~13.53,无铕异常或具有较弱的铕负异常;火山岩样品富集Rb、Th、U、K等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ta、Ti等高场强元素。Mg#值为12.14~31.01,平均值22,Nb/Ta值(6.67~27.17,平均值12.23),Rb/Sr值(0.35~3.63,平均值1.58),显示火山岩岩浆源区为下地壳。依据岩石地球化学特征、构造判别图解,结合区域构造演化特征,认为满克头鄂博组火山岩形成于蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋闭合的造山后伸展背景。     

青海南部治多县扎河一带上三叠统巴塘群火山岩特征及其构造环境

巴塘群火山岩主要由基性玄武岩-中性安山岩-流纹岩组成,构成一套从基性到中性到酸性的岩石组合,具较完全的演化序列。岩石化学表现为表现为低Ti O2(1%),高Al;稀土元素特征表现为轻稀土元素富集;在微量元素地球化学方面,表现为富集大离子亲石元素,亏损高场强元素,εNd(t)变化在-0.3~2.9之间,εSr(t)变化在14.4~39.2之间,表现为弧火山岩特征,为拉竹龙-金沙江洋盆(或甘孜—理塘洋)向南消减的产物。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of