无人机与卫星影像匹配的相似性逼近算法

针对现有算法在无人机与卫星影像具有较大空间分辨率差异时存在匹配正确率不高的问题,本文提出了一种无人机与卫星影像匹配的相似性逼近算法。该方法在匹配前对无人机影像进行高斯滤波处理,提高了无人机与卫星影像的尺度相似性,并最终提高了匹配算法的正确率。试验结果表明,该算法具有较高的匹配精度,适用于无人机与卫星影像空间分辨率差异较大时无人机影像的匹配与自主定位。     

基于深度学习理论的无人机影像分类

针对无人机影像深度学习分类方法缺乏现状,本文利用深度学习理论卷积神经网络方法对无人机影像进行了分类。该法首先抽取无人机影像作为训练集和检验集,然后建立一个2个卷积层-池化层的卷积神经网络模型进行深度学习,通过设定参数并运行模型实现无人机影像分类。实验表明,本文提出的方法可完成较复杂地区无人机影像分类,其分类精度与支持向量机方法相当,为无人机遥感影像分类提供了一个崭新的技术视点。     

大重叠度无人机遥感影像的三维建模方法研究

探讨了无人机遥感系统获取的遥感影像的三维建模方法 ,应用相对定向直接进行无人机遥感影像相对定向 ,并通过实验分析了相邻影像间重叠度对相对定向精度的影响。基于高重叠度的无人机遥感影像 ,为提高同名点识别的精度 ,提出了多幅影像核线约束方法。实验证明本文是利用无人机遥感影像特点实现三维建模的有意义的尝试     

基于无人机序列影像的应急快速成图技术

小型无人机所拍摄的影像不经过处理或只经过简单拼接处理就可以使用,但存在着变形大、定位精度差、可用信息少等缺点,不能充分发挥无人机的作用。本文将无人机影像和地形图结合在一起,形成一种新的影像图产品——无人机应急影像图,并给出了无人机应急影像图制作的流程和关键技术的实现。     

基于无人机技术的地形图测绘研究

本文介绍了无人机航测技术的发展过程及其主要特点,分析了无人机航测系统的结构及主要功能,探讨了无人机影像制作大比例尺地形图的主要流程,以及利用无人机影像试验制作主要数字产品,包括全景影像图、数字高程模型、数字正射影像、数字线划图、影像地形图、三维影像地图、三维景观图等。     

无人机影像空中三角测量实验研究

无人机影像由于具有像幅小、数量多、基线短、重叠度不规则、畸变大等特点,使其处理方法和传统的航空影像有所不同。本文针对无人机影像的这些特点,对无人机影像进行了畸变校正和匀光匀色预处理,然后充分利用无人机提供的POS数据自动生成连接点,通过空三计算结果剔除误匹配的连接点,实验证明该方法能够快速的完成无人机影像空中三角测量工作。     

基于GPU的无人机遥感影像快速拼接

近年来,无人机遥感技术得到较快的发展,无人机遥感技术有着实时性强、灵活性强、低成本以及获取影像分辨率高的特点,在处理应急响应任务时,运用无人机遥感技术,优势极为明显。在无人机进行对地航拍时,所获取的是单张影像,由于像幅的限制,影像并不能覆盖完整的目标区域,相邻的多张影像都有着一定的重叠度,利用重叠区域来将多幅影像依次拼接,获得目标区域的一幅完整影像。随着各种传感器技术的提升,无人机上的相机所获取到的影像的分辨率越来越高,这对影像拼接的速度提出了新的要求。基于无人机遥感影像的特点,采用SIFT算子对无人机遥感影像进行拼接工作,并在CUDA平台下对配准算法进行加速处理,从而提高影像拼接的速度。     

基于模板卷积匹配的无人机遥感影像中用户感觉兴趣区域识别方法

遥感影像可用于城市土地规划、地质灾害勘察、监测环境污染等,其应用范围极广,为更加准确地从遥感影像内获取信息,提出基于模板卷积匹配的无人机遥感影像中用户感觉兴趣区域识别方法。该方法利用无人机搭载遥感影像摄像头采集目标区域遥感影像后,使用暗通道假设法还原无人机遥感影像色彩,再通过判断无人机遥感影像几何特征和灰度特征,获得用户感觉兴趣区域,并生成无人机遥感影像用户感觉兴趣区域模板图像;将该模板图像作为输入,利用卷积神经网络输出无人机遥感影像中用户感觉兴趣区域识别结果。实验结果表明：该方法具备较好的无人机遥感影像色彩还原能力,可有效提取遥感影像中用户感觉兴趣区域,且识别遥感影像中用户感觉兴趣区域精度较高。     

基于像素工厂的无人机影像空三优化技术

研究了利用像素工厂对无人机遥感影像进行空三优化技术。分析了像素工厂快速处理无人机遥感影像的理论依据和方法;探讨了空三优化分组参数的绑定策略;提出了空三优化结果的精度评价要求。最后利用GPS辅助无人机遥感影像数据进行试验验证,结果表明:在像素工厂平台上对无人机遥感影像进行空三优化处理,能够快速地为后续DSM,DOM和真正射影像生产提供符合精度要求的基础数据。像素工厂与无人机影像数据的结合是无人机测绘工程自动化处理和应急保障的一个有效途径。     

利用影像分割和匹配特征进行无人机影像变化检测

针对无人机拍摄的影像偏角大、投影差明显的问题,提出一种基于影像分割与匹配特征的无人机影像变化检测方法。该方法基于匹配的特征点和分割的单元,以配准误差为缓冲半径进行相关运算,并提出了双向互相关方法来抑制影像分割不一致对变化检测结果的影响。实验结果表明,该方法提高了无人机影像变化检测的精度,对无人机影像由于大倾角所带来的配准误差问题有较好的容忍度,并削弱了无人机影像的投影差对于变化检测的影响。     

阿克苏河-塔里木河水系水质污染遥感监测与评价

 采用Landsat TM数据分析了阿克苏河—塔里木河断面水质污染状况,通过波段的DN值和常规监测数据建立能反映水质状况的 污染物监测模型。结果发现,将2000年常规监测数据代入模型后,与遥感数据的结果基本吻合| 重建阿克苏河—塔里木河的连续水体 污染变化曲线,得出污染物浓度随着远离上游而增加。     

Monitoring drought dynamics in the Aravalli region (India) using different indices based on ground and remote sensing data

The hard-rock hilly Aravalli terrain of Rajasthan province of India suffers with frequent drought due to poor and delayed monsoon, abnormally high summer-temperature and insufficient water resources. In the present study, detailed analysis of meteorological and hydrological data of the Aravalli region has been carried out for the years 1984–2003. Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) has been used to quantify the precipitation deficit. Standardised Water-Level Index (SWI) has been developed to assess ground-water recharge-deficit. Vegetative drought indices like Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and Temperature Condition Index (TCI) and Vegetation Health Index (VHI) have been computed using NDVI values obtained from Global Vegetation Index (GVI) and thermal channel data of NOAA AVHRR satellite. Detailed analyses of spatial and temporal drought dynamics during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons have been carried out through drought index maps generated in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment. Analysis and interpretation of these maps reveal that negative SPI anomalies not always correspond to drought. In the Aravalli region, aquifer-stress shifts its position time to time, and in certain pockets it is more frequent. In comparison to hydrological stress, vegetative stress in the Aravalli region is found to be slower to begin but quicker to withdraw.     

使用FME与VBA提取机场方格网高程数据

因受机场工程设计软件的测量数据容量限制,基于LiDAR采集、点云分类后得到的地面点云数据LAS不能完整应用于目前设计软件进行设计计算。本文通过对拟选技术方案的筛选,提出了利用FME Workbench数据处理功能,结合VBA编程获取外部方格网平面数据的方法。该方法在FME Workbench中实现了地面点云数据构建TIN、采用逐点内插方法从TIN中提取方格网高程数据、等高线生成及相应图形处理与成果输出。最终通过实际算例证明了该方法的有效性。     

Landslide risk analysis between Giri and Tons Rivers in Himachal Himalaya (India)

The area around Sataun in the Sirmur district of Himachal Pradesh, India (falling between the rivers Giri and Tons; both tributaries of the Yamuna River) was studied for landslide vulnerability on behalf of the inhabitants. The study was made using extensive remote sensing data (satellite and airborne). It is well supported by field evidence, demographic and infrastructural details and aided by Geographic Information System (GIS) based techniques. Field observations testify that slope, aspect, geology, tectonic planes, drainage, and land use all influence landslides in the region. These parameters were taken into consideration using the statistical approach of landslide hazard zonation. Using the census data of 1991, vulnerability of the populace to the landslide hazard was accessed. As most of the infrastructure in the region is concentrated around population centres, population data alone was used for vulnerability studies.     

Gravity Changes Before Large Earthquakes in China: 1998-2005

Although it is well known that coseismic gravity changes take place during an earthquake, previous research has not yielded convincing evidence demonstrating that significant gravity changes occur before large earthquakes. Furthermore, even if we suspect that gravity changes occur before large earthquakes, we have yet to demonstrate how to consistently observe these changes for useful earthquake forecast that would bring benefits to society. We analyzed ground gravity survey data obtained in 1998, 2000, 200...     

GNSS系统及其技术的发展研究

阐述了国际上卫星导航系统的总体发展,对美、俄、欧、中的四大全球系统,以及相关的区域系统和增强系统进行了简单的介绍,研究分析了GNSS系统及其技术的发展趋势,同时分析了我国Compass全球系统面临的机遇和挑战,并提出了我国未来工作的建议.     

“4D”技术及其应用

介绍“４Ｄ”（即数字地面模型、数字正射影像、数字栅格地图和数字线划地图）系列产品的生产流程、关键技术、及其在耕地保护、防灾减灾救灾和城市规划等方面的应用方法。     

Virtual Australia: its key elements – know,think, communicate

Abstract

Virtual Australia is not a well-defined or agreed concept. This discussion paper conceptualises Virtual Australia as a ‘virtual [digital] model containing and representing all non-trivial objects and their contextual environment – from blue sky to bedrock – in real world Australia’. It describes a scenario for Virtual Australia, one or two decades from now, in which the locations and conditions of non-trivial objects and their environment are updated automatically through a combination of remote sensing and wireless communication technologies in support of a ‘Supranet’. It then examines the concept of the ‘Supranet’ – a pervasive information network based largely on wireless technology linking the physical world to a virtual model in real time – and develops and discusses three principal characteristics of the Supranet: the ability to have or collect specific information (know); the ability to process information (think); and the ability to communicate that information. If, in the near future, any or all non-trivial devices are to some extent able to know, think and communicate, the potential for object autonomy will be realised.     

自动车辆定位导航系统中传感器的误差分析

对国界定位导航系统中几种常见的辅助传感器所产生的误差进行了分析，导出了不同传感器的误差模型。这些误差模型是估计车辆位置的扩展卡尔曼滤波器的基础，同时也为选择适当的传感器提供了理论根据。