合肥盆地中生代地层时代与源区的碎屑锆石证据

合肥盆地位于大别造山带北侧、郯庐断裂带西侧,其发育过程与这两大构造带演化密切相关。本次工作对合肥盆地南部与东部出露的中生代砂岩与火山岩进行了锆石年代学研究,从而限定了各组地层的沉积时代,确定了火山岩喷发时间,指示了沉积物的源区。这些年代学数据表明,合肥盆地南部的中生代碎屑岩自下而上分别为下侏罗统防虎山组、中侏罗统圆筒山组或三尖铺组、下白垩统凤凰台组与周公山组(或黑石渡组)与上白垩统戚家桥组,其间缺失上侏罗统。盆地东部白垩系自下而上为下白垩统朱巷组与响导铺组和上白垩统张桥组。该盆地出露的毛坦厂组或白大畈组火山岩喷发时代皆为早白垩世(130～120 Ma)。盆地南部的下——中侏罗统及白垩系源区皆为大别造山带,分别对应该造山带的后造山隆升与造山后伸展隆升。而盆地东部白垩系的源区始终为东侧的张八岭隆起带,后者属于郯庐断裂带伸展活动中的上升盘。     

黑龙江东部大三江盆地群城子河组和穆棱组时期重矿物特征及物源分析

应用数理统计及Q型聚类分析方法,对大三江盆地群主要盆地20口钻井早白垩世城子河组和穆棱组砂岩中的重矿物进行了重矿物ZTR指数、稳定指数以及组合特征分析.城子河组和穆棱组重矿物ZTR指数等值线图都具有由边部向中心逐渐增大的趋势,而这两个组的重矿物稳定系数整体也较低,反映出成盆初期重矿物稳定性弱的特点,并根据重矿物种类将研...     

鲁西隆起晚中生代盆地重矿物组合分析及其构造响应

本文以鲁西隆起区盆地及周边盆地砂岩中碎屑重矿物为研究对象,通过重矿物的稳定性分析,以及通过不同源区重矿物组合的差异,探讨了鲁西隆起及周边地区晚中生代以来的物源及构造演化过程。研究结果显示,鲁西盆地中生代早期早中侏罗纪时期主要源区为鲁西隆起,中晚侏罗纪时期主要物源为胶东地区和鲁西隆起,而早白垩世时期主要物源为胶东地区,其次才是鲁西隆起。晚白垩世沂沭断裂带盆地物源主要是鲁西隆起和胶东地区,鲁西隆起贡献量大于胶东地区。重矿物的稳定性也折射出源区构造演化历史。早-中侏罗世至中-晚侏罗世,鲁西盆地重矿物物源由鲁西隆起向胶东地区的显著转变,暗示着苏鲁造山带自三叠纪形成之后,经折返抬升,至晚侏罗世之前已经到达地表。重矿物的含量变化显示,早白垩世中期和晚白垩世中期鲁西盆地内沉积了大量的鲁西变质岩矿物组合,并且不稳定重矿物含量急剧增加,我们推测鲁西在早白垩世晚期、晚白垩世中期存在两次构造抬升。     

准噶尔盆地南缘侏罗系碎屑成分特征及其对构造属性、盆山格局的指示意义

砂岩碎屑成分分析是进行沉积物源岩石类型、构造属性和盆山演化分析的重要途径。准噶尔盆地南缘侏罗系物源构造属性以“再旋回造山带”、“弧造山带”和部分“岩浆弧”物源为特征,物源岩石类型主要为中酸性岩浆岩、变质岩和沉积岩,岩石成分、重矿物含量及其组合显示东、西剖面在物源上存在一定差异。天山内部侏罗系物源构造属性以“再旋回造山带”、“混合造山带”为主,物源岩石类型主要为中酸性岩浆岩和变质岩,但各剖面的岩石成分、重矿物组合特征及相对含量差异较大。综合天山内部与准噶尔盆地南缘野外剖面沉积特征、岩屑成分及钻井岩心分析表明,天山地区早、中侏罗世盆山格局以盆地沉积范围大、天山正地形较小为特征,不存在地理分割明显的天山山脉,侏罗纪盆地南缘至少存在三个物源体系(西准噶尔山、克拉麦里山和(古)天山)；晚侏罗世一早白垩世早期,岩石成分成熟度偏低,砾岩等粗碎屑沉积明显增多,同时不稳定重矿物及其组合稍有增加可能与晚侏罗世天山构造格局分异、构造活动相对活跃有关,天山山脉明显隆升并造就天山南北沉积环境的巨大差异。     

辽西北票(金-羊)盆地中生代砂岩碎屑组分对区域构造演化的响应

根据北票 (金-羊 )盆地中生界砂岩碎屑组分分析,综合区域构造演化背景、盆地沉积充填序列及砾岩特征,对盆地中生代物源及构造演化进行了示踪 :晚三叠世为盆地构造活化的起始阶段,盆地物源应主要来自周缘隆升蚀源区的前中生代碎屑沉积物;早侏罗世辽西地区发生了明显的差异升降,北票 (金-羊 )盆地相对伸展陷落,盆地范围有所扩大;晚侏罗世北西-南东向逆冲推覆作用成为盆地的主要控制因素,北票 (金-羊 )盆地具有明显前陆盆地特征,盆地西缘太古代变质岩系出露剥蚀而成为盆地的主要物源之一;早白垩世辽西地区发生构造反转,北票 (金-羊 )盆地相对萎缩。Dickinson模型并不完全适用于辽西地区。     

Jurassic-Cretaceous Basin-range Pattern in the Southwestern Tian Shan Foreland Basin: Evidence from Detrital U-Pb Zircon GeochronologyEI北大核心CSCD

The Mesozoic basin-range pattern in the Tian Shan area is actively debated, especially on the southern flank of the Tian Shan. This important and contrasting hypothesis involves an intracontinental foreland basin, and a passive subsiding basin characterized by a wide source area, a weak basin-range differentiation, as well as a positive physiographic feature. This study focuses on the critical stage of basin-range relationship and reports detrital zircon U-Pb ages from the sandstones of Middle Jurassic Yangye Formation and Lower Cretaceous Group collected from the Kangsu section, aiming to constrain the Mesozoic provenance of the southwestern Tian Shan foreland basin. The U-Pb isotopic ages of zircons from these two units of clastic rocks were obtained by using in situ LA-ICP-MS. The U-Pb ages of detrital zircons from the Middle Jurassic series range from 369 Ma to 2687 Ma and can be divided into three main groups: (1) 369-404 Ma (accounting for 4%), (2) 418-501 Ma (accounting for 19%), (3) 544-2687 Ma (accounting for 77%), and the zircon ages from the Lower Cretaceous series range from 243 Ma to 2820 Ma and can be divided into three groups: (1) 253-414 Ma (accounting for 35%), (2) 423-489 Ma (accounting for 27%), (3) 668-2820 Ma (accounting for 37%). All age groups are prominent in the Middle Jurassic sample, suggesting a large-scale drainage system and wide source area characterized by established connection between the basin and main sources. The distribution of U-Pb ages of detrital zircons from the Lower Cretaceous sample has more groups and reflects a shrink age in coeval source area. The southern flank of southwestern Tian Shan and the Kuqa rejuvenated foreland basin have difference sediment provenance during the Middle Jurassic, whereas in the Early Cretaceous they have similar sedimentary provenance. The southwestern Tian Shan foreland basin, as well as the other areas of the south margin of the Tian Shan underwent a minor tectonic inversion and adjustment throughout the Early Cretaceous, which led to an intension in basin-range differentiation and corresponding uplift-exhumation, and a deconstruction of the link between sedimentary piedmont and older basements distributed in interior of the mountain. © 2017, Science Press. All right reserved.     

Provenance,tectonic setting,source weathering and palaeoenvironmental implications of Middle-Upper Jurassic rocks of Ler dome,Kachchh, western India: Inferences from petrography and geochemistry

The Middle-Upper Jurassic sandstones and shales of Ler dome (Chari and Katrol Formations), Kachchh, western India, have been analyzed for modal, bulk mineralogy and geochemistry to deduce their provenance, tectonic setting, source area weathering and palaeoenvironmental conditions. The detrital modes of Ler dome sandstones indicate that they were emanated from recycled orogen (uplifted shoulders of rift) and stable cratonic source in passive margin setting. Rapid deposition of sediments from a granitic source area can be predicted from feldspar abundance. A highly mature heavy mineral assemblage characterized in the form of high Zircon-Tourmaline-Rutile (ZTR) index also endorses these findings. The X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) data show the presence of clay minerals depicting moderate to extensive chemical weathering in an oxidizing environment with periodic cycles of transgression and regression. The chemical index of weathering, chemical index of alteration and plagioclase index of alteration suggest moderate to high and low to moderate weathering conditions for sandstone and shales, respectively, that took place in low to moderate relief. We postulate that Ler dome sediments are derivative of the eroded and weathered parts of the Aravalli craton located on east and northeast of the basin and the Nagarparkar Massif placed to the north and northwest.     

松潘地区尕海盆地上白垩统热鲁组物源分析及其意义

运用Dickinson三角图解和碎屑锆石年龄分析方法,对松潘地区白龙江隆起西段尕海盆地上白垩统热鲁组物源及沉积背景进行了研究。热鲁组砂岩岩屑以变质岩为主,碎屑物质成分和结构成熟度较低;Dickinson三角图解显示热鲁组砂岩物源主要来自再旋回造山带的石英再旋回和过渡再旋回带;碎屑锆石分析显示最新年龄为137Ma,指示该地层时代应晚于早白垩世早期;碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄基本上继承了区域上三叠纪地层的碎屑锆石年龄分布特征,说明热鲁组碎屑物质主要来自于区域上三叠纪地层,较少或几乎没有来自前三叠纪地层,而现今展布于盆地周围的下伏前三叠纪地层,晚白垩世时期尚未出露遭受剥蚀,同时这一结论也与松潘地区的热年代学数据揭示的构造背景相一致。     

吐哈盆地中北部中侏罗统重矿物组合特征及对博格达山隆升过程的约束

通过对吐哈盆地中北部中侏罗统重矿物组合特征分析发现,该区重矿物组合具有显著的分区特征。其中桃尔沟-胜南-吐南地区整个中侏罗世,重矿物以高含量的磁铁矿、赤铁矿为特征。七泉湖-胜金地区在西山窑组-三间房组沉积时期,重矿物以锆石和钛的氧化物为主;自七克台组沉积伊始,磁铁矿含量显著增加。三堡-鲁克沁地区在西山窑组沉积时期,重矿物以锆石和钛的氧化物为主;到三间房组-七克台组沉积时期,石榴石、磁铁矿含量明显增加。鄯勒-萨克桑地区西山窑组沉积时期重矿物以锆石和钛的氧化物为主;三间房组沉积以来,磁铁矿含量急剧增加。丘陵-丘东地区西山窑组-三间房组沉积时期,重矿物以高含量绿帘石为特征;七克台组沉积时期,转而以锆石和钛的氧化物为主。研究区中侏罗统重矿物组合演化特征显示,中侏罗世博格达山的隆升具有明显的分段性：Ⅰ段（西）在西山窑组沉积时期便已隆起,构成盆地物源区;西山窑晚期-三间房初期,博格达山Ⅲ段（东）开始快速隆升,导致三间房组沉积时期鄯勒-萨克桑地区磁铁矿含量剧增;而博格达山Ⅱ段（中）直到七克台组初期才开始隆升。     

论福建坂头组的时代及对比

<正> 坂头组系陈恺(1943)命名,未指定建组剖面,以永安城北坂头村一带的岩性为标准。当时称坂头系,时代为早白垩世。坂头组分布在崇安、永安和泰宁举岚等盆地,宁化、安溪、仙游、古田和霞浦等地亦有零星出露。对坂头组的时代归属存在二种意见:福建省区调队(1976—1985)、原福建石油地质队(1978)、顾知微(1980、1982)、王思恩等(1985)归于     

Geochemistry,detrital zircon geochronology and Hf isotope of the clastic rocks in southern Tibet: Implications for the Jurassic-Cretaceous tectonic evolution of the Lhasa terrane

In order to reconstruct tectonic evolution history of the southern margin of Asia (i.e., Lhasa terrane) before the India-Asia collision, here we present a comprehensive study on the clastic rocks in the southern Lhasa terrane with new perspectives from sedimentary geochemistry, detrital zircon geochronology and Hf isotope. Clasts from the Jurassic-Early Cretaceous sedimentary sequences (i.e., Yeba and Chumulong Formations) display high compositional maturity and experienced moderate to high degree of chemical weathering, whereas those from the late Early-Late Cretaceous sequences (Ngamring and Shexing Formations) are characterized by low compositional maturity with insignificant chemical weathering. Our results lead to a coherent scenario for the evolution history of the Lhasa terrane. During the Early-Middle Jurassic (∼192-168Ma), the Lhasa terrane was speculated to be an isolated geological block. The Yeba Formation is best understood as being deposited in a back-arc basin induced by northward subduction of the Neo-Tethys ocean with sediments coming from the interiors of the Lhasa terrane. The Middle Jurassic-Early Cretaceous Lhasa-Qiangtang collision resulted in the formation of a composite foreland basin with southward-flowing rivers carrying clastic materials from the uplifted northern Lhasa and/or Qiangtang terranes. During the late Early-Late Cretaceous (∼104-72Ma), the Gangdese magmatic arc was uplifted rapidly above the sea level, forming turbidites (Ngamring Formation) in the Xigaze forearc basin and fluvial red beds (Shexing Formation) on the retro-arc side. At the end of Late Cretaceous, the Lhasa terrane was likely to have been uplifted to high elevation forming an Andean-type margin resembling the modern South America before the India-Asia collision.     

准噶尔盆地石南地区侏罗系-白垩系间风化壳的发现及其地层学意义

本文综合利用测井、录井、钻井等多种井资料，对准噶尔盆地腹部石南地区引起争议的“杂色泥岩”的古生物群化石组合特征，粘土矿物特征，岩性、电性特征等进行了研究。通过孢粉组合的时代对比和粘土矿物分析，证明了“杂色泥岩”是一个区域风化壳，确定了白垩系与侏罗系的界线以及“杂色泥岩”的原始沉积时代，并且通过岩性、电性特征对该风化壳的结构进行了研究。研究表明：该风化壳平面上具有分带结构，垂向上具有分段结构，各段的测井响应特征明显；“杂色泥岩”的原始沉积属于侏罗系西山窑组，石南地区普遍缺失头屯河组；“杂色泥岩”上覆的白垩系清水河组为超覆，下伏的侏罗系西山窑组被削截。据此，对该地区白垩系与侏罗系（K／J）、侏罗系头屯河组与西山窑组（J2t／J2z）地层界线进行了重新划分，建立了新的分层方案。     

天山及邻区燕山期构造岩浆事件

天山及邻区中生代以来发育多个不整合面,其中下白垩统底部的不整合面规模最大,是一个贯穿全区的区域性不整合面。对中新生代沉积地层的碎屑锆石年代学研究和源区分析发现,碎屑物中含有大量晚中生代岩浆岩锆石,说明该地区存在一定规模的同时期岩浆活动。本研究认为,上述晚中生代的构造岩浆事件是燕山运动在天山及邻区的具体表现。早白垩世地层超覆不整合在不同时代的前白垩纪地层之上,不整合面以下的地层发育程度、剥蚀程度和构造变形强度在不同地区表现不同。在现今的天山山脉内部,下白垩统直接覆盖在中侏罗统头屯河组之上,上侏罗统齐古组和喀拉扎组整体缺失。在天山南北两侧的塔里木盆地、准噶尔盆地和吐哈盆地,上侏罗统局部发育,范围远小于中下侏罗统。进一步研究发现,盆地中的上侏罗统通常作为生长地层发育在晚中生代形成的褶皱古隆起翼部,依据上侏罗统齐古组中、下部凝灰岩层锆石U-Pb年代学数据和生物地层学资料,将燕山运动在天山及邻区的启动时间限定在160Ma左右。天山及邻区燕山期的构造变形具有多个方向,推测与中侏罗世晚期以来拉萨地块与亚洲南部边缘的碰撞、蒙古-鄂霍茨克洋的碰撞闭合以及俄罗斯东北部的Kolyma-Omolon地块与西伯利亚克拉通之间陆陆碰撞等构造事件的叠加影响有关,这也是晚中生代东亚多板块汇聚在天山及邻区的具体体现。     

广东曲仁两套红层的重矿物组合特征与地层对比

本研究以广东曲仁煤田两套红色地层为对象。工作中各选择了中侏罗统和上白垩统一个完整的地层剖面,进行碎屑重矿物组合、标志特征,重矿物成因和演变,韵律特征和矿物或熟度等研究,初步查明了它们的蚀源母岩类型;揭示了重矿物组合和区域岩石类型变化的原因;指出以重矿物为标志的韵律性和标志层的存在;探讨了矿物成熟度在重矿物研究中的意义;进而提出了划分、对比两套红层的重矿物标志。     

西南天山前陆盆地侏罗纪-白垩纪盆山格局——来自碎屑锆石年代学的证据

目前对天山地区,特别是天山南缘中生代盆山格局认识尚存分歧。本文着眼于侏罗纪-白垩纪这一盆山演化关键阶段,利用碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年法对西南天山前陆盆地康苏剖面中侏罗统杨叶组、下白垩统克孜勒苏群沉积开展物源分析。发现中侏罗统杨叶组碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄分布于369~2687 Ma间,基本分布在369~404 Ma(约占4%)、418~501 Ma(约占19%)和544~2687 Ma(约占77%)3个范围;下白垩统克孜勒苏群碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄分布于243~2820 Ma间,集中于253~414 Ma(约占35%)、423~489 Ma(约占27%)和668~2820 Ma(约占37%)3个范围。中侏罗统碎屑锆石年龄分布范围广,各年龄组分均较突显,反映中侏罗世西南天山前缘流域体系宽广,天山内各主要源区均得到沟通,物源范围广阔。下白垩统克孜勒苏群锆石年龄分布明显集中,反映早白垩世西南天山前缘源区范围有所缩小。西南天山前缘与库车前陆盆地的物源构成在中侏罗世存在一定差异,而在早白垩世呈现相似特征。包括西南天山前陆盆地在内的天山南缘或于早白垩世经历一期小规模构造反转,导致山-盆构造分异与抬升-剥蚀增强。     

Detrital zircon geochronology analysis of the Late Mesozoic deposition in the Turpan‐Hami basin: Implications for the uplift history of the Eastern Tian Shan,north‐western China

Analysing the provenance changes of synorogenic sediments in the Turpan‐Hami basin by detrital zircon geochronology is an efficient tool to examine the uplift and erosion history of the easternmost Tian Shan. We present detrital zircon U‐Pb analysis from nine samples that were collected within marginal lacustrine Middle‐Late Jurassic and aeolian‐fluvial Early Cretaceous strata in the basin. Middle‐Early Jurassic (159–172 Ma) zircons deriving from the southern Junggar dominated the Middle Jurassic sample from the western Turpan‐Hami basin, whereas Permian‐Carboniferous (270–330 Ma) zircons from the Bogda mountains were dominant in the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous samples. Devonian‐Silurian (400–420 Ma) and Triassic (235–259 Ma) zircons from the Jueluotage and Harlik mountains constituted the subordinate age groups in the Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous samples from the eastern basin respectively. These provenance transitions provide evidence for uplift of the Bogda mountains in the Late Jurassic and the Harlik mountains since the Early Cretaceous.     

山东省中生代地层划分与对比

对山东省中生代地层的研究表明：沂沐断裂带以西的鲁西南、鲁中、鲁北地区侏罗纪、白垩纪地层发育较全，而断裂带以东的钱是东地区仅发育白垩纪地层；断裂带两侧中生代地层的化石组合、火山岩特点等都相差很大。本文将沂沭断裂带以西的坊子组归于下－中侏罗纪，三台组归于中侏罗统，分水岭组暂归于上侏罗统、西洼组归于下白垩统；而将沂沐断裂带以东的莱阳组、青山组归于下白垩统。王氏组归于上白垩统。笔者废除使用蒙阴群(组)和汶南(亚)组，并建设将鲁北地区目前使用的“王氏组” 废除，另建新名。     

碎屑重矿物分析对内蒙古西乌旗早二叠世寿山沟组的物源指示及构造意义

碎屑重矿物由于相对比较稳定,蕴含重要的成因信息,对其进行电子探针成分分析,能够还原岩石形成的物源区和盆地构造背景。内蒙古西乌旗早二叠世寿山沟组一段主要由砂岩夹砾岩等组成,二段主要由粉砂岩、泥岩等组成。重矿物分析表明,寿山沟组一段和二段砂岩重矿物主要有锆石、尖晶石和石榴子石等,指示其物源区为岩浆岩和变质岩。重矿物电子探针成分分析结果显示,电气石成分指示其具贫锂花岗岩和变沉积岩物源,尖晶石成分指示其具岛弧和洋中脊玄武岩类物源,石榴子石成分指示其具高级变质基性岩源区。综合物源分析显示,寿山沟组主要来源于迪彦庙蛇绿岩、锡林浩特杂岩和本巴图组玄武岩等。结合区域地质对比,认为寿山沟组形成于弧后盆地,古亚洲洋在早二叠世时期尚未闭合。     

Mesozoic “Red Beds” and its Evolution in the Hefei Basin

The Hefei Basin is the largest basin in the North China landmass with complete and well-preserved Mesozoic and Cenozoic strata. In the basin there developed a suite of extremely thick “red beds” in the Mesozoic. Owing to complex evolution processes and a lack of paleontological traces, there have been controversies regarding the division and correlation of this suite of red beds. Based on results obtained in recent years in drilling, seismic and surface geological investigations and in consideration of relationships between seismic sequences and regional tectonic events, as well as evidence in paleontology, petrology and isotopic dating, this paper preliminarily puts forward the following ideas about the sequence stratigraphic framework of the continental “red beds” in the Hefei Basin. (1) The Zhougongshan Formation and the Yuantongshan Formation have similar lithologic, geophysical and paleontological characteristics, so we incorporate them into a single formation, called the Yuantongshan Formation, and the original Zhougongshan and Yuantongshan Formations are regarded as the upper and the lower parts of the newly defined Yuantongshan Formation. Its age is the Middle Jurassic; (2) the Zhuxiang Formation belongs to the Upper Jurassic Series and (3) the age of the Xiangdaopu Formation is the Lower Cretaceous. Furthermore, signatures of depositional evolution are analyzed in the paper based on features of seismic reflection, outcrops and drilling data. The Early and Middle Jurassic is characterized by a foreland basin, which is influenced mainly by uplift and longitudinal compression of the Dabieshan Mountains; the Lower Jurassic System has a relatively small depositional area; the Middle Jurassic strata are distributed extensively over the whole basin, marking the summit of basin development; a flexure basin is characteristic of the Late Jurassic, manifesting a joint effect of the Dabieshan and Zhangbaling Mountains with the former being more significant. In the Early Cretaceous, the Xiangdaopu Formation was distributed in the Daqiao depression, evidently affected by extension of the Tanlu fault; in the Late Cretaceous, the Hefei Basin was subjected to dismembering and the Zhangqiao Formation was distributed in the east-west direction along the downthrown side of the fault.     

准噶尔盆地春晖油田侏罗系八道湾组物源分析

春晖油田侏罗系八道湾组油层段为中砾岩、细砾岩及含砾砂岩构成的一套粗碎屑沉积,储层非均质性较强,物性与含油性密切相关。为了确定优势储层的发育方向与分布,利用重矿物法和地层倾角法对物源方向进行了研究。重矿物中ZTR指数自西北向东南方向由5增大至20以上,反映出沉积物的搬运方向为西北→东南。18口井的倾角矢量图中矢量点最多的方向也均指示为东南方向,最终确定物源为西北方向的哈拉阿拉特山,同时对近源砾石较高的磨圆度进行了分析。