福建泰宁何宝山金矿控矿构造特征及找矿方向

根据泰宁何宝山金矿区的控矿构造特征的综合分析,认为何宝山金矿区断裂构造发育,主要有近南北向、北东向、北西向3组。北东向的断裂为导矿构造,南北向断裂为控矿构造。控矿断裂为2组近南北向的断裂裂隙群,具有明显的剪性特征,控制了金矿化蚀变带及金矿体的空间展布。近东西向断裂构造为成矿后期的,对南北向的控矿断裂构造具有破坏作用。金矿化蚀变体产于断裂破碎带内,明显受断裂控制。而金矿化程度与蚀变强弱、断裂的规模、破碎程度有直接相关。结合地质类比法,通过构造分析法及矿区地质条件、矿化特征综合分析,认为矿区F3断裂及弧形的拐弯处、F2-4断裂深部为矿体产出有利部位,矿区北部在断裂构造收敛部位、帚状构造砥柱边缘为寻找矿体有利地段。     

安徽宣城铜山构造控矿特点及成矿规律的探讨

笔者通过野外调查和室内分析研究,将宣城铜山矿区构造运动分为五个构造期,並根据构造应力场的变化规律和各种侵入岩受不同构造应力场控制的特征,判别出矿区岩浆演化明显地由超酸性到中基性、超基性的序列,同时论述了矿区构造控矿特征及成矿规列,预测了成矿远景区。 一、矿区区域构造概况 宣城铜山铁、铜多金属矿床位于长江中下游坳陷带南缘,梵峥山——幕阜山基底构造隆起带东段北侧的次级近东西向隆起带上。矿区南东为江南深断裂,北西为句容——青阳深断裂;临近矿区东侧为近南北向的麻姑山——大昆山大断裂,西侧有丹阳湖——水阳江大断裂(见图1)。矿区位于上述深大断裂之间的十里长山复背斜南东翼,故其构造发展和矿     

四川省马家火地铅多金属矿赋矿特征及找矿方向

<正>通过矿区地质填图,地球化学测量及工程勘探,对川西马家火地多金属矿的调查,发现有含金石英脉矿化带、含铅矿石英脉和金铜侵染矿带和工区西部三家寨查出金、银、铅、锌、铜共生矿带,该矿受构造控矿特征明显,金矿品位高,找矿前景良好。马家火地铅金多金属矿位于西大渡河有色、贵金属成矿带。区域构造上位于康滇南北向构造带北段,为小金、金汤弧形构造及鲜水河北西向构造结合交织部位。由于多次构造运动和应力场改变形成十分复杂的构造格局,构造方向多变,总体以南北向为主,北西向、弧形构造稍次。     

太仆寺旗沙子沟钨钼矿床成矿物质来源及成因浅析

<正>1区域地质特征内蒙古太仆寺旗沙子沟矿区区域构造位置在华北地台北缘构造带[1]。华北地台北缘从北往南可划分为兴蒙褶皱带,内蒙地轴和燕山台褶带三个构造带,本区属于兴蒙褶皱带南带的白云鄂博新元古褶皱带。矿区内出露地层主要为中元古界白云鄂博群,中生界侏罗系上统玛尼吐组及新生界第四系。矿区内断裂、褶皱构造发育,主要断裂有近东西向、北西向和近南北向等多组。华力西晚期近东西向的剪切断裂带,到燕山期受北北东向构造控制转换成张扭性断裂带,形成了有利的成矿空间。岩浆岩分布矿床北部、西部和南     

相山西部河元背地区构造特征及深部找矿方向探讨

河元背位于我国最大的火山岩型铀矿田——相山矿田的西部,相山西部基底东西向河元背-凤岗断陷带与北东向芜头小陂断裂的交汇部位,具有优越的区域铀成矿地质条件。前人在区内发现了湖港、河元背、牛头山三个火山岩型铀矿床,近几年区内实施了铀资源潜力评价和铀矿普查工作,新发现了受南北向苦命山小陂断裂带控制的南北向矿带,提出了南北向构造控矿模式。利用地质勘查及矿山开采资料,结合潜力评价、铀矿普查找矿勘查成果,重点阐述了区内控矿因素,特别是南北向断裂带的控矿作用,总结控矿规律,探讨其深部找矿方向。     

高精度磁测在冀东峪耳崖金矿找矿中的应用

在野外1∶1万地质测量、井下大量坑道观察和编录基础上,对冀东峪耳崖金矿床矿区1∶1万高精度磁法测量数据进行化极、延拓、求导处理,将峪耳崖矿区的高磁异常划分为低缓正异常场、低缓负异常场和中高正异常场3种场区,解译出不同方向线性断裂构造31条,以北东向、北西向构造为主,构成矿区构造格架;磁化极异常进行4个高度50 m、100 m、200 m、500 m垂向二阶导数计算,形态受北东向、北西向及南北向构造综合控制,沿北东方向带状分布。结合已知矿体的构造控矿规律及岩体控矿特征,确定区内成矿远景区圈定依据为成矿磁性体形态、产状变化地段;北东向构造面与北西向、南北向、东西向构造交汇复合部位;黄铁矿化、硅化、大理岩化及绢云母化等蚀变发育部位。     

山东招远市前孙家金矿构造控矿规律和构造地球化学找矿

通过对前孙家金矿矿区构造控矿规律研究可知,本区控矿构造型式为成矿前北东向压扭性断裂构造系统中构造透镜体四周的环边式"X"型断裂,控矿构造具有北北东向、近南北向的优选性,成矿期的构造应力场表现为左旋斜滑运动,主断裂带上的南西向侧伏构造控制了矿体延深。矿区成矿元素组合为Au、Ag、As、Co、Mo、Sn。构造地球化学高值带具有与矿体侧伏方向的一致性。根据控矿构造型式、矿体产出规律、成矿期构造应力场分析和数值模拟以及Au构造地球化学异常和成矿因子得分等值线图等方面成果综合分析,提出矿区下一步找矿有利地段有三处:4号脉的南西深部、2号脉的南西深部和新1号脉西侧。     

云南香格里拉县子尼铜矿床控矿构造特征

香格里拉子尼铜矿区明显存在两期断裂构造,矿区已发现的矿体均沿早期的南北向断裂带分布,表明南北向断裂为该矿区的控矿构造;矿区后期的北东东西向断裂则对矿体形态造成较大的破坏,这无疑是矿区的破矿构造。     

滇东南都龙锡锌铟多金属矿床构造控矿模式及找矿方向

都龙锡锌铟多金属矿床位于华南板块西南缘之滇东南老君山矿集区南部,是中国重要的锡锌铟多金属资源产地,构造控矿特征明显。对铜街、曼家寨两个典型矿段及外围构造变形分析及控矿构造解析表明:区内各地质体之间均为构造接触,构造变形主要存在伸展滑脱及左行走滑等构造样式;F₀、F₁、F₂三条南北向断裂组成的早白垩世伸展滑脱构造控制了矿区的矿化蚀变及矿体空间产出形态,是矿区最主要的控矿构造;成矿后北西向马关—都龙左行走滑断裂为破矿构造,但其正断的性质使矿区受剥蚀程度相对较低,对矿床保存有利。根据控矿构造组合特征及区域构造背景建立了构造控矿模式,认为矿区南部深部、西部寒武系地层与新寨岩组深部为进一步寻找锡锌铟矿的有利区域,矿区深部找矿潜力较大。      

吉林省西林河金矿构造特征及找矿方向

对矿区划分了太古宙、元古宙、中生代和新生代四个构造层；整个矿区为一棋盘格子形构造体系；主干构造形迹为由东、中、西三个韧性挤压剪切带，金矿的主要成矿构造是西部韧性挤压、剪切带，主要找矿方向为西带Ｆ６及其派生的近南北向剪切断裂群。     

山西煤矿开采对地下水资源影响评价

在对山西煤矿开采现状进行全面调查研究的基础上，探讨了煤矿开采对水资源影响程度且进行了评价，根据山西煤矿实际及水资源现状将影响程度分为三类，即采煤对水资源影响轻微区，影响明显和影响严重区，并对各类区典型煤矿进行了分析。     

赤峰热水镇地热田地热流体流动模型

赤峰热水镇地热田内发育有南北向、北西—南东向、北东—南西向及东西向断裂构造,这些断裂大部分为张性断裂,并构成地热田热水上升的主要通道。热水的补给区在远离地热田的西部和北部山区,天水从此处渗透到地下深处,缓慢流动到地热田下部,被侵入的花岗岩和玄武岩所构成的热源以热传导方式加热,再沿断裂、裂隙上升,形成了地热田浅部热水储集层。本地热田热水属于天水起源的中、低温裂隙水。     

Voxler平台在煤矿富水性勘查中的三维可视化应用

煤矿安全是全国安全生产工作的重中之重,特别是近年来煤矿水害时有发生,我国煤矿水文地质条件较为复杂,地表水、老空水、冲积层水和顶板水等各种类型的水害俱全,无论是受水威胁的面积、类型,还是受水害威胁的严重程度,都为世界罕见。瞬变电磁法在煤矿富水性的勘探中已得到广泛应用,但对于结果的解释仍处于二维水平,往往是先在断面图上圈定异常体的范围,再根据相对的位置关系落到平面图上进行解释,因此对于异常体的空间分布描述较差,存在一定的局限性。本文结合山西某煤矿富水性勘查中瞬变电磁法的实测数据,利用Voxler平台从三维数据的整合、三维模型的建立、模型的地形校正及白化等关键点进行了研究,绘制了三维视电阻率模型,展示了异常体的空间分布形态,使成果更为直观、立体,从而更好的指导煤矿的安全生产。     

Karst water control and management in the Hanxing mining area of North China

 The Hanxing mining area of North China includes three coalfields: Fengfeng, Handan and Xingtai. Six or seven coal seams can be commercially mined in Permo-Carboniferous strata, among which the lower three, accounting for 37% of the total reserves, are threatened with karst water from the underlain Ordovician limestone. Hundreds of water inrush accidents have occurred and over 30 mines have been flooded, resulting in heavy economic losses and casualties. In order to avoid water inrushes and keep the mines safely operational, dewatering in the karst aquifer was considered an essential measure. Unfortunately, this practice has caused serious environmental problems such as surface subsidence (sinkhole), dry spring, and water supply shortage. On the basis of a series of investigations and tests in the last 20 years, an alternative method, mining with water pressure, has been proposed and is the main focus of this paper. By using this method, the karst water in the limestone can be preserved to some extent and the coals can be mined in a relatively safe way. Received: 22 March 1996 · Accepted: 8 April 1996     

HTM法在格尔托金矿深边部盲矿体勘查上的应用研究

西秦岭地区是我国重要的金矿成矿带,格尔托金矿即位于这一产矿带上。文章以格尔托金矿为例阐明了西秦岭地区区域和矿床地质特征,论述了在矿区深部和外围找矿的广阔前景,建立了地质地球物理模型,然后在已知地质资料的基础上依据所建立的地质地球物理模型对成果资料进行科学合理的分析,经验证,在西秦岭地区运用高频电磁测深法进行金矿矿山深部和矿床外围探矿是有效的。     

长江经济带江苏段废弃露天矿山分布与生态修复遥感调查研究

江苏省长江沿岸废弃矿山修复治理是长江经济带生态修复的关键节点区域,如何快速、直观地获得区域内废弃矿山的分布和修复工程进展,成为长江经济带废弃矿山生态修复工程的重要工作之一。以江苏长江干流两岸10?km范围为研究区,以2017—2020?年4?期高分辨率遥感影像为数据源,采用ArcGIS平台人机交互解译和野外验证的方式,获取了研究区内露天废弃矿山分布情况、地质环境问题和生态修复情况等信息。结果表明:镇江市和南京市需修复面积较大,区内露天废弃矿山主要表现为矿山的采场和中转场地两类占地,涉及矿种以建筑石料用灰岩和建筑用砂矿为主;存在的主要矿山环境问题有地形地貌破坏、矿山地质灾害、矿区生态环境破坏和水土污染等;2018—2020 年研究区已修复面积和正在修复面积均呈上升趋势,截至2020 年10 月,研究区废弃矿山修复效果良好,修复面积占67.08%;主要生态修复措施有自然恢复、客土回填、土地平整、削坡、土地综合治理等。建议在进行修复治理工程时,最大限度地保护矿区原有地貌,充分利用土地资源。调查结果和建议可为同类型地区露天废弃矿山生态修复治理提供技术参考。     

基于地下水流场数值模型的矿井突水量预算

矿井发生特大突水后,第一时间掌握突水水源,并预测突水量的大小,可以为制定水害治理方案提供有力支持。利用前期通过放水试验获取的水文地质参数及建立的井田奥陶系灰岩含水层数值模型,对峰峰矿区九龙煤矿的突水水源及突水量进行了分析计算。结果发现：突水初期与突水点相距2 350m的奥灰观测孔的水位下降趋势与前期奥灰放水试验的基本一致,因此,判断突水水源为煤系地层基底奥陶系灰岩含水层水。实测瞬时突水量为2 778m3/h;利用比拟法得到的Q-S方程预算突水量为2 879m3/h;通过数值模型预算的突水稳定涌水量为2 280m3/h,三者相差不大,以此说明数值模拟在矿井突水量预算中具有一定的实用价值。     

雪峰山西侧贵州地区中生代构造特征及其演化

贵州中生代变形主要发生在燕山期,发育三幕褶皱变形、两幕逆冲和三幕走滑。根据区域对比、卷入褶皱的地层和褶皱间的叠加关系,判断三期褶皱的形成顺序依次为近东西向、北东向和南北向,时限在J3—K2之间。逆冲推覆构造主要由向北西或西逆冲的近南北向逆冲断层组成,大体与南北向褶皱同时形成; 自雪峰构造带西缘向西,依次划分出根部带、中部带和前锋带。但是,在根部带识别出两幕逆冲推覆,其它两带各识别出一幕。走滑断层也有3个方向：东西向、北东向和近南北向。东西向走滑断层呈现出右行压扭的运动学特征,而大多数北东向走滑断层是左行张扭性质的。依据各个方向断层间的切割和限制关系,推测东西向走滑断层最早形成,其次是南北向逆冲断层,北东向走滑断层最晚活动。这些断裂和褶皱特征,总体表现出贵州多重多种复合联合的构造特征,最后,探讨了本区的构造成因模式。     

Environmental impact of the abandoned coal mines on the surface water and the groundwater quality in the south of Bochum,Germany

Surface water and groundwater samples were collected from 20 locations, situated in the vicinity of the abandoned coal mine fields south of Bochum. The main objective of this research is to assess the environmental impacts of these mines on the surface water and groundwater quality as well as to determine the factors controlling these impacts. The water samples were collected from stream sources, groundwater, surface water and engineered channels during April 2011. Physicochemical parameters were measured during fieldwork. Water samples were analysed for major ions and aluminium, iron, manganese, ferrous iron, zinc and hydrogen sulphide. The hydrochemistry of the surface water and the groundwater of this area is characterized by near-neutral to alkaline conditions, represented by predominance of calcium bicarbonate and sometimes calcium sulphate water types. Hence, the surface water and the groundwater quality in this region is significantly affected by abandoned coal mines. These effects resulted from oxidation of iron disulphide minerals that release iron, sulphate and hydrogen. The presence of carbonate-rich materials, which contained within the landfilling materials, has led the releasing of calcium, magnesium and bicarbonate. These materials could be the main source responsible for raising the alkalinity of the affected water. The environmental hazard of the abandoned coal mines in this area is related to the high concentration of Fe especially in the groundwater that possess the highest Fe concentration compared to other water sources: the Fe is 18 times larger than the allowed value in drinking water. Significant spatial variations of the water pollution were noted in this study. For this reason, the environmental hazards of the abandoned coal mines in Germany should be considered at closure of coal mines in the near future. Otherwise, these mines will be sources of environmental threats unless all necessary measures are taken to reduce their impact.     

Using stable isotopes (δD, δ<Superscript>18</Superscript>O, δ<Superscript>34</Superscript>S and <Superscript>87</Superscript>Sr/<Superscript>86</Superscript>Sr) to identify sources of water in abandoned mines in the Fengfeng coal mining district,northern China

With depleted coal resources or deteriorating mining geological conditions, some coal mines have been abandoned in the Fengfeng mining district, China. Water that accumulates in an abandoned underground mine (goaf water) may be a hazard to neighboring mines and impact the groundwater environment. Groundwater samples at three abandoned mines (Yi, Er and Quantou mines) in the Fengfeng mining district and the underlying Ordovician limestone aquifer were collected to characterize their chemical and isotopic compositions and identify the sources of the mine water. The water was HCO₃·SO₄-Ca·Mg type in Er mine and the auxiliary shaft of Yi mine, and HCO₃·SO₄-Na type in the main shaft of Quantou mine. The isotopic compositions (δD and δ¹⁸O) of water in the three abandoned mines were close to that of Ordovician limestone groundwater. Faults in the abandoned mines were developmental, possibly facilitating inflows of groundwater from the underlying Ordovician limestone aquifers into the coal mines. Although the Sr²⁺ concentrations differed considerably, the ratios of Sr²⁺/Ca²⁺ and ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr and the ³⁴S content of SO₄^2? were similar for all three mine waters and Ordovician limestone groundwater, indicating that a close hydraulic connection may exist. Geochemical and isotopic indicators suggest that (1) the mine waters may originate mainly from the Ordovician limestone groundwater inflows, and (2) the upward hydraulic gradient in the limestone aquifer may prevent its contamination by the overlying abandoned mine water. The results of this study could be useful for water resources management in this area and other similar mining areas.