New Early Cambrian Chordates from Haikou, Kunming

Two new chordates, Cathaymyrus haikouensis Luo et Hu sp. nov. and Zhongxiniscus intermedius Luo et Hu gen. et sp. nov. are studied in this paper. Both display numerous S-shaped myomeres on their trunk. C. haikouensis shows a long and slim body similar to that of Cathaymyrus diadexus Shu et al., Zhongxiniscus approaches to Myllokunmingia and Haikouichthys in the dorsal fin, but differs in the myomeres. Zhongxiniscus may be the intermediate form between Cathaymyrus and Myllokunmingia and Haikouichthys.     

New Record of Palaeoscolecids from the Early Cambrian of Yunnan, China

A new palaeoscolecid, Guanduscolex minor Hu, Luo et Fu gen. et sp. nov., with preserved soft parts of introvert and intestines comes from the Lower Cambrian Guanshan fauna of Yunnan, South China. Microstructural details of the cuticle revealed by scanning electron microscopy （SEM） show that each annulation bears three rows of plates and each plate bears 9-10 marginal and 4-5 central nodes. This discovery sheds new light on the relationships and evolutionary pathway of the palaeoscolecids and other early priapulids.     

李氏叶肢介（Leaid）在内蒙古上二叠统陶海营子组 的发现及其意义

2009年8月,在内蒙古大兴安岭地区扎鲁特旗陶海营子重新测制了上二叠统陶海营子组剖面。自下而上共发现3层叶肢介（包括2层李氏叶肢介类Leaid化石）,经鉴定为单脊型与双脊型的新种类。在中国,二叠纪的李氏叶肢介类（Leaid）化石前人仅在甘肃肃南县上二叠统肃南组发现过,计2属3种[1],其后一直未见报道。这类化石在大兴安岭地区的发现,填补了该时期中国东部李氏叶肢介类（Leaid）分布的空白,为该时期地层的区域对比和时代确定提供了重要的化石证据,具有重要的地层意义。同时,为进一步探讨它们的分布、迁徙、古生态、生物地理区系等增加了实际材料,具有古地理和古构造学上的理论意义。     

贵州独山星朗地区早石炭世异珊瑚

描述贵州独山星朗早石发世大塘期异珊瑚新属１个，新种１８个。本区异珊瑚类不仅有对环境专属性较强的一些异珊瑚新属种。还方对环境专属性较小的一些广布性属种。它们与贵州威宁、广西隆林的异珊瑚化二相比．普遍外壁厚，隔壁显著加厚及横板密集，说明这些异珊瑚是在水动力条件较强的开阔台地生活。     

New Taxa of Chrysomelidae (Insecta:Coleoptera)from Rovno Amber,Late Eocene

<正>Leaf beetles Chrysomelidae of Rovno amber,from the Late Eocene,are recorded and described. Chrysomelidae of Rovno amber are represented by three subfamilies:Galerucinae(Alticini),Chrysomelinae,and Eumolpinae.Two new genera and three new species of Alticini:Manobiomorpha Nadein,gen.nov.(type species Manobiomorpha eocenica Nadein,sp.nov.),Psyllototus Nadein,gen.nov.(type species Psyllototus progenitor Nadein,sp.nov.),and Crepidodera decolorata Nadein et Perkovsky,sp.nov.are described.A new chrysomeline genus and species Paleophaedon minutus Nadein gen.nov.et sp.nov.is described.Probable trophic association of Crepidodera decolorata sp.nov.,the taxonomic positions of Manobiomorpha gen.nov.and Psyllototus gen.nov., and the composition of leaf beetle faunas of Middle and Late Eocene of Europe are discussed.     

山东平邑官庄组的非海栖软体动物化石

官庄组按岩性分为上、中、下三段。软体动物化石产于该组中段。主要化石计有双壳类1属1种;腹足类11属14种,其中包括1个新属、4个新种和1个新亚种。     

内蒙古赤峰早白垩世昆虫化石的新发现

本文首次描述了内蒙古自治区赤峰市早白垩世九佛堂组的鞘翅目和异翅目昆虫化石４属５种，其中３新属５新种。这些昆虫化石通过与国内、外相关类群的对比，为该区的地层划分、对比和地质时代的确定，提供了最新的依据。由古生态方面分析，该区为湖沼环境，水体充沛，为古黑龙江流域的一部分。文中里阿龙虱科、沼梭科和中生五节蝽科的材料在国内是首次报道。     

Three New Stoneflies (Insecta: Plecoptera) from the Yixian Formation of Liaoning, China

Three new genera and species Archaeoperla rarissimus gen. et sp. nov. （Perlidae）, Liaotaenionema tenuitibia gen. et sp. nov. （Taeniopterygidae） and Parvinemoura parvus gen. et sp. nov. （？Nemouridae） are described and illustrated. All of them were collected from Yixian Formation of the western Liaoning, China. Hitherto, A. rarissimus is the oldest species possessing typical characters of Perlidae; the finding of L. tenuitibia indicates taeniopterygids once lived in the northeastern China in the late Mesozoic, but frequent volcanic activities, climate changes, or other environmental changes might have resulted in the disappearance of Taeniopterygidae in northern China after Mesozoic. Ancestral groups of Nemouridae have been abundant from Middle Jurassic, and male genitalia of P. parvus gen. et sp. nov. has been developed and similar to extant Nemouridae in the late Mesozoic. The stonefly fossils found from Yixian Formation are not divers at the species level, but rich at the family level. The diversity of stonefly implies different microclimate existed in the northeastern China at that time. A large old lacustrine basin existed in the western Liaoning, surrounded by hygrophilous plants on swampland and lake shore, warm and humid; tall arbor and boscage on the hillside nearby, mild and dry; mountains in the distance, rivulets running among the mountains, cool and wet. Many insects, prefer cool climate （e.g. stonefly, raphidiopterans, et ai.）, lived in the mountains with rivulets.     

贵州台江早—中寒武世凯里组的宏观藻类化石

本文描述了贵州寒武纪凯里组中的宏观藻类化石７属１２种,其中有６个新属１０个新种;Ｂｏｓｗｏｒｔｈｉａ ｓｉｍｕｌａｎｓ,Ｂ．ｇｙｇｅｓ,Ｅｏｌａｍｉｎａｒｉａ ｇｒａｎｄｉｓ ｇｅｎ。ｅｔ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ。,Ｅ．ｐｅｒｅｌｅｇａｎｓ ｇｅｎ。ｅｔ ｓｐ。ｎｏｖ．,Ｆ．ｖｅｉｎ ｇｅｎ．ｅｔ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,Ｋａｉｌｉｐｈｙｔｏｎ ｓｉｍｕｌａｎｓ ｇｅｎ．ｅｔ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,Ｐａｌａｅｏｓｐｉｎｅ     

Lacewings (Insecta: Neuroptera) from the Lower Cretaceous Purbeck Limestone Group of southern England

Eight new genera and 12 new species are described from the Lower Cretaceous Purbeck Limestone Group, southern England. Sophogramma wimbledoni sp. nov. (Kalligrammatidae) is described from the Purbeck of Wiltshire. Pterinoblattina peverilensis sp. nov., Pterinoblattina fasciata sp. nov., Purbepsychopsis parallela gen. et sp. nov. (Psychopsidae), Ovalorobius edmondsi gen. et sp. nov. (Prohemerobiidae), Mesosmylidus vulgaris gen. et sp. nov., Osmylochrysa anomala gen. et sp. nov., Osmylochrysa fragilis gen. et sp. nov., Stenochrysa gradata gen. et sp. nov. (Osmylidae), Mesypochrysa minuta sp. nov. (Chrysopidae), Purbemerobius medialis gen. et sp. nov. (?Hemerobiidae), Epimesoberotha parva gen. et sp. nov. (Berothidae) and Pseudocorydasialis alleni (Neuroptera familia incertae sedis) are described from Durlston Bay, Dorset. The species Pterinoblattina penna Scudder, Pterinoblattina pluma (Giebel) (Psychopsidae) Sialium sipylus (Nymphidae) and Osmylopsis duplicata (Osmylidae) are re-examined, described and figured. The genus Valdipsychops Jepson et al. has been synonymized with Pterinoblattina.     

昆明地区早寒武世关山动物群研究新进展

总结了昆明地区关山动物群自1999年命名以来开展的研究工作和取得的新进展.简要叙述了关山动物群的研究概况、地层位置、生物群组合特征和关山动物群的研究意义.在关山动物群中首次发现了古虫动物门的Vetulicola gangtoucunensis Luo,Fu et Hu,吐卓虫Tuzoia sp.nov.,古蠕虫Palaeoscolex sp.nov.,腕足类Heliomedusa sp.nov.及三叶形虫、海绵动物新属种.指出关山动物群是一个由多门类软躯体后生动物化石组成的伯吉斯页岩型的动物群,时代介于澄江动物群与凯里动物群(或伯吉斯页岩动物群)之间,起到了承前启后的作用,在寒武纪生命大爆发和寒武纪早期生物演化的研究中有重要意义.     

Early Evolution of Apocrita(Insecta,Hymenoptera)as Indicated by New Findings in the Middle Jurassic of Daohugou,Northeast China

<正>The classification and phytogeny of the basal Vespina(=Orussoidea+Apocrita)are reconsidered based primarily on rich and well preserved material from the Middle Jurassic of Daohugou in Inner Mongolia,China. Comparatively smooth morphological transitions are traced from a Xiphydriidae-like ancestor toward Orussoidea via the Jurassic family Karatavitidae,and through Karatavitidae and the Jurassic and Early Cretaceous family Ephialtitidae independently to Stephanidae,to Evanioidea,and,via the extinct Jurassic Kuafuidae fam.nov.to the remaining Apocrita.New hypothesis is proposed concerning development of the characteristic wasp-waist of Apocrita,which is supposed to appear independently and in different ways in Evanioidea and in the rest of Apocrita.As a result,six infraorders are proposed for the suborder Vespina with the following taxonomic structure:infraorder Orussomorpha including the only superfamily Orussoidea(Karatavitidae+Paroryssidae + Orussidae),infraorder Stephanomorpha with the only superfamily Stephanoidea(Ephialtitidae+Stephanidae), infraorder Evaniomorpha with the only superfamily Evanioidea of traditional composition,infraorder Ceraphronomorpha with the superfamilies Ceraphronoidea s.str.and monotypical Megalyroidea and Trigonaloidea,and the infraorders Proctotrupomorpha,Ichneumonomorpha,and Vespomorpha of traditional composition.The family Kuafuidae is unplaced to infraorder because it is putatively paraphyletic with respect to Ceraphronomorpha,Proctotrupomorpha,Ichneumonomorpha and Vespomorpha.Described as new are Karatavites junfengi sp.nov,Praeratavites wuhuaensis sp.nov.,P.perspicuus sp.nov.,Postxiphydria daohugouensis gen.et sp.nov.,P.ningchengensis gen.et sp.nov.,Postxiphydroides strenuus gen.et sp.nov.,Praeratavitoides amabilis gen.et sp.nov.,Proapocrtius densipediculus sp.nov.,P.sculptus sp.nov.,P.longantennatus sp.nov., P.formosus sp.nov.,P.atropus sp.nov.,P.elegans sp.nov.,Stephanogaster pristinus sp.nov.,Asiephialtites lini sp. nov.,Praeproapocritus vulgatus gen.et sp.nov.,Sinaulacogastrinus solidus gen.et sp.nov.,Sinevania speciosa gen. et sp.nov.,Eonevania robusta gen.et sp.nov.,Kuafua polyneura gen.et sp.nov.(all from the Middle Jurassic of Daohugou),as well as Kuafuidae fam.nov.including Kuafua gen.nov.as well as Arthrogaster Rasnitsyn,1975,and Leptogastrella Rasnitsyn,1975 from the Upper Jurassic of Karatau in Kazakhstan.     

Fossil caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera) from the Early Cretaceous of southern England II

The following new fossil trichopteran insects are described or revised from the Purbeck Limestone Group and Wealden Supergroup of southern England: Pteromixanum inviolatum gen. et sp. nov., P. ruderatum gen. et sp. nov., P. purbeckianum (Handlirsch) gen. et comb. nov. and P. poxwellense gen. et sp. nov. (Necrotauliidae);Purbimodus minor gen. et sp. nov., P. medius gen. et sp. nov., P. rasnitsyni gen. et sp. nov. and P. saxosus gen. et sp. nov. (Vitimotauliidae);Palaeoludus popovi gen. et sp. nov. (Dysoneuridae);Palaeotarsus desertus gen. et sp. nov. (Plectrotarsidae);Eucrunoecia ridicula gen. et sp. nov. (Lepidostomatidae);Palaeocentropus placidus gen. et sp. nov. (Calamoceratidae) and Helicophidae gen. et sp. incertae sedis. The general composition of the fauna is compared with Early Cretaceous faunas of Asia. The early appearance of several living families is noted.     

湘西黔东上奥陶统临湘组的三叶虫

湖南西部和贵州东部奥陶系临湘组,地层厚度甚小,但含有较丰富的三叶虫化石,经作者研究共计11个属15个种和2个未定种,其中包括1个新属Dayongia(gen.nov.)和7个新种:Madygenia exsculpta sp.nov.,Madygenia tuberculata sp.nov.,Davongia brevica gen.＆ sp.nov.,Dayongia longicephala gen.＆ sp.nov,Eobronteus hunanensis sp.nov.,Shuma-rdia songtaoensis sp.nov.,Encrinurells exsculpta sp.nov.。这个动物群除具有我国地方性色彩外,同时具有与欧洲动物群明显的近似性。其时代应属晚奥陶世,相当于欧洲Ashgill期。     

New lacewings (Insecta: Neuroptera) from the Lower Cretaceous Wealden supergroup of Southern England

Eight new genera and thirteen new species of lacewings (Neuroptera) are described from the Lower Cretaceous Wealden Supergroup, Weald Sub-basin: Principiala rudgwickensis sp. nov. (Ithonidae), Stenomylina medialis gen. et sp. nov., Protosmylina bifasciata gen. et sp. nov. (Osmylidae), Cretapsychops corami gen. et sp. nov., Micropsychops parallelus gen. et sp. nov., Valdipsychops logunovi gen. et sp. nov., V. brigidae gen. et sp. nov., V. maculosus gen. et sp. nov., V. proudlovei gen. et sp. nov., V. minimus gen. et sp. nov., Psychopsites rolandi gen. et sp. nov. (Psychopsidae), Actinophlebioides valdensis gen. et sp. nov. and Protohemerobius perexiguus gen. et sp. nov. (Neuroptera familia incertae sedis). Psychopsidae are shown to dominate the neuropteran fauna, while the presence of Brongniartiellidae has not been confirmed in the Wealden, due to previously thought representatives of this family being in fact psychopsids. This is the first fossil record of Ithonidae and Osmylidae in Britain. The range of Kalligrammatidae has been extended in the Cretaceous of Britain from the mid-Valanginian to early Barremian.     

宜昌地区早志留世（Llandoverian）腕足类一新科Spinochonetidae (fam. nov.)及其意义

腕足类新科Spinochonetidae(fam.nov.)建立在宜昌地区志留系兰多维列统罗惹坪组下段中部(上埃隆阶)的Spinochonetes Rong,Xu et Yang(1974)和Spinolella(gen.nov.)两个属,以及一个属、种未定的分类单元的基础上。新科成员仅有从腹壳喙部伸出一根直的腹喙刺,这与Chonetoidea超科内的Strophochonetidae科以及Chonestrophiidae科众成员的铰合缘刺都是从腹壳铰合缘上伸出来的有着本质差别。另外,本文还对Spinochonetes以及它的属型种S.notata Rong,Xu et Yang(1974)进行重要图解和补充描述。与此同时,对Spinolella(gen.nov),以及S.minuta(gen.et sp.nov.)进行系统描述和对比。据目前所知,新科成员只分布于我国鄂西、黔东北、陕南和川北等地,属于上扬子台地的土族居民。因为Spinochonetidae(fam.nov.)属于腕足类独特的一个类型,演化快,贝体极小,保存精美,因此具有分类学、地层对比,以及恢复古环境等方面的重要意义。     

藏北申扎地区奥陶纪鹦鹉螺类一新属（Variabioceras）

文中材料是采自西藏申扎县塔尔玛乡桥东—扎扛一带鹦鹉螺化石的一部分。描述了3属6种。其中有1个新属Variabioceras gen.nov．和3个新种V．typicum gen．etsp．nov．，V．zangbeiense gen．et sp．nov．，V．robustum gen．et sp．nov．     

藏北申扎地区奥陶纪鹦鹉螺类-新属(Variabioceras)

文中材料是采自西藏申扎县塔尔玛乡桥东-扎扛一带鹦鹉螺化石的一部分.描述了3属6种.其中有1个新属Variabioceras gen.nov.和3个新种V.typicum gen.et sp.nov.,V.zangbeiense gen.et sp.nov.,V.robustum gen.et sp.nov.     

辽宁大连震旦纪水母

1986年辽宁省地矿局区调队在大连市棋盘磨和杨家屯震旦系兴民村组发现水母类化石。本人进行了较详细的研究,根据其结构和生态特征,确定为腔肠动物门水螅虫纲水母化石,并命名为大连水母动物群。文中对其中的2个新属,7个新种进行了描述,它们为:Cyclomedusa qipanmoensis sp.nov.,Cyclomedusa stellatus sp.nov.,Medusinites monoseamoformis sp.nov.,Medusinites planodiscifo-rmis sp.nov.,Ellipsomedusa liaonanensis gen.et sp.nov.,Ellipsome-dusa dalianensis gen.sp.nov.,Quadratimedusa liaoningensis gen.etsp.nov.这一发现和研究无疑确定了大连地区震旦系的存在。     

陕南震旦系灯影组瓶状微化石研究新进展

在张录易、李勇（１９９１）初步研究的基础上，作者再次系统采集化石并研究，进一步查明了陕南晚震旦世高家山生物群中瓶状微化石的产出层位、地理分布、宏观特征和属种组合，计有ＰｒｏｔｏｌａｇｅｎａＺｈａｎｇｅｔＬｉ，ｐ．ｇａｏｊｉａｓｈａｎｅｎｓｉｓＺｈａｎｇｅｔＬｉ．Ｐ．Ｐａｐｉｌｌａｔａ（Ｚｈａｎｇ），Ｐ．ｃｙｌｉｎｄｒａｔａ（ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．）；Ｓｉｃｙｌａｇｅｎａｆｏｒｍｏｓａ（ｇｅｎ．ｅｔｓｐ．ｎｏｖ，），Ｓ．ｌａｔｉｓｔｕｍａ（ｇｅｎ．ｅｔｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．）和一未命名的化石。同时借用电子探针能谱分析和激光分子拉曼微探针等设备对壳壁特征和壳壁物质成分做了尝试性研究，取得较好的效果。