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《地震工程学报》2018,(Z1)
今年是汶川地震十周年,2018年汶川特大地震给我国四川、甘肃等地区造成了巨大的灾难与伤痛,留下了宝贵的经验和教训,并给人以深刻警示。在灾后重建中结合受灾特点和当地经济发展现状,如何科学制订重建规划体系、创新重建模式和管理机制、加快重建速度,是高质量完成重建任务、大力改善民生、实现经济恢复振兴、促进社会和谐稳定的根本保证。同时,在重建中科学考虑潜在的地震灾害风险,最大限度地减少和避免地震灾害损失,采取务实可行的防震减灾对策也极为重要。本文概述十年前汶川特大地震对甘肃省造成的震害情况,基于甘肃灾区恢复重建的工作实践,阐明了甘肃灾区的重建原则和规划体系特点,从创新思想认识、强化社会管理、完善扶持政策、突出重建重点、提升基础能力、防范灾害风险等方面,分析总结灾后重建的主要措施与取得的成效,深刻反映了国家和地方政府在坚持科学执政、民主执政、依法执政、建设人民满意的服务型政府所取得的进步,也可为未来应对大震巨灾和各种自然灾害发生的重建工作提供重要的经验启示。 相似文献
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近年来随着我国重特大地震灾害的频发,震后重建的灾区再次遭受地震灾害,部分重建项目在震后暴露出的问题引起了社会的广泛关注,因此对地震灾后重建进行综合后评价具有重要的科学和实际意义。本文在对国内外地震灾后恢复重建内容研究的基础上,确定综合后评价的一级评价指标:工程项目后评价、经济效益后评价、生态环境可持续性后评价、社会效果后评价、人文价值后评价和应急能力后评价。并利用解释结构模型(ISM)得出各指标之间的层次关系。本文以芦山县在汶川地震的重建内容对该一级评价指标进行实证分析,同时构建出该县重建综合后评价的二级指标。分析结果说明该评价框架体系指标合理,方法可行,具有一定的科学性和实用性。 相似文献
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采用统计拟合的方法,详细分析了汶川地震震后恢复重建工程资金的分布特点,依据震后恢复重建工程资金与烈度、人口、GDP和损失的拟合关系,提出了基于人口、地震灾害损失、GDP等因素的3个震后恢复重建工程资金快速评估模型,并利用宁洱地震数据验证经验公式的可行性。震后恢复工程资金分布特点及资金评估经验公式对未来地震进行恢复重建规划有良好的借鉴作用。 相似文献
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2013年芦山7.0级地震中,灾区汶川地震重建的房屋也有不少受到严重影响,楼房的围护结构倒塌破损。汶川地震灾后恢复重建跟踪审计结果(第2号)指出,许多建筑存在质量问题。审计师是无权负责建筑质量问题的。本文建议芦山地震恢复重建的质量问题应有建筑工程师的参与。 相似文献
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汶川地震在甘肃南部造成了极为严重的滑塌灾害。本文在武都区附近地震滑塌灾害统计研究的基础上,阐述了其主要类型和发育特征;论述了甘肃地震滑塌灾害的展布主要受地形、岩性、地震烈度、人类工程活动和植被发育程度等因素影响,在空间上分布很不均匀。地震烈度高的陇南灾区地震滑塌密度相对较大;节理发育的厚层(块状)岩层滑塌较为突出;黄土滑塌较为突出。进而提出了山区地震滑塌灾害减轻的注意事项以及甘肃省不同区域滑塌灾害减轻对策。 相似文献
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This paper introduces the response process of the Gansu Earthquake Agency during the Jiuzhaigou MS7.0 earthquake in Sichuan Province,including earthquake emergency disposal procedures, information reports, disaster investigation and intensity assessment, seismic monitoring and trend determination, and emergency dissemination.This paper reveals the characteristics of earthquake damage in the quake-hit areas of Gansu Province, draws some corresponding conclusions and summarizes the countermeasures for recovery and reconstruction in the quake-hit areas of Gansu Province. 相似文献
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ASSESSMENT ON INDIRECT ECONOMIC LOSS OF WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE DISASTER BASED ON INPUT-OUTPUT ANALYSIS 下载免费PDF全文
The scientific and reasonable assessment of disaster loss is the basic work for disaster relief and post-disaster reconstruction.Indirect economic loss is also an important part of scientific assessment for disaster influence.Taking the stricken area of 2008 Wenchuan earthquake in Sichuan as an example,this paper preliminarily analyzed the sections-related indirect economic loss resulting from Wenchuan earthquake by the methods of input-output analysis.The results show that,1) the sections-related indirect economic loss of Wenchuan earthquake reached up to 2 545.32 billion Yuan,which is as much as 3 times the direct economic loss in Sichuan Province.The direct economic loss does not evaluate the effects of Wenchuan earthquake disaster completely,and the indirect economic loss is an inseparable part for the systematic assessment of disaster influence.2) The characteristics of economic losses are not the same among different sectors in Sichuan.The indirect economic losses of industry and other services are the biggest in all sectors of Sichuan.However,the ratios of indirect and direct economic loss in industry,agriculture,construction are the highest,which is over 14.60,8.70 and 7.11,respectively.3) Although the uncertainty exists in the assessment result due to the limitation of input-output model,input-output analysis is still the most wildly used method to assess the indirect economic loss of natural hazard.Furthermore,the data accuracy is also an important factor influencing the economic loss assessment of natural hazard. 相似文献
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地震灾害造成的损失随社会发展而加重。经济迅速发展的我国新世纪防震减灾应采取新措施;需要提高地震设防标准,鼓励部分建筑先坚固起来,使我国建设的抗震能力在几十年内逐步达到国际先进水平;应在全国范围内抑制虚报,科学地确定地震预报的震级下限,通过清理地震预报方法提高报准率,从总体上提高地震预报效益;应重视震时应急行动的研究;应加强企业的防震减灾工作,并通过立法加以落实。 相似文献
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《中国地震研究》2016,(1)
A new organization and management mechanism with the local government as the main body was created during the post-disaster reconstruction of the "4. 20 " Lushan earthquake,in which the experiences and lessons were drawn from the "5. 12"Wenchuan earthquake. Correspondingly, the local government conducted an exploration of the organization and management mode in the field of planning and construction. The effective experiences have been accumulated, including working out a full coverage planning,taking the leading part in the urban-rural planning,and exercising whole space control over the disaster area. An innovation management mode named as "Five Generals Pattern"was implemented in the construction projects. In view that the rural housing reconstruction was a weak link, a new approach to improving the construction management was investigated,by means of strengthening on-site supervision,establishing a technical platform,and bolstering public participation. 相似文献