华南武功山中生代花岗岩体热史及隆升机制研究

根据全岩Rb－Sr和黑云母、钾长石、全岩K－Ar、磷灰石裂变径迹同位素年龄测定结果,结合地质构造证据,分析了华南武功山花岗岩体的冷却历史。假定岩体冷却和地温梯度降低同步,估算出武功山中生代岩体的原始侵位深度为6km。在岩浆冷却过程中,岩体冷却上升速率逐渐降低。该岩体在180．8Ma。热侵位结晶,以较快的速率冷却上升,冷却速率为10．7C／Ma。,上升速率为0．11mm／a。经过28Ma后,岩体上升至地下约3km深处,转为缓慢冷却,平均冷却速率为1．7C／Ma,平均上升速率为0．02mm／a。最后对武功山地区晚中生代构造演化过程、热演化模式及其大地构造意义进行了讨论。     

昆仑山南部西大滩盆北花岗岩的年龄与热历史

对南昆仑缝合带中段西大滩盆北花岗岩,应用不同的年代学方法,测定岩浆结晶时代和构造热事件年龄,分析构造地貌演化过程。应用离子探针方法,测出西大滩盆北花岗岩的锆石U-Pb同位素年龄为196.4- 212.1 Ma,平均年龄204.1±2.6 Ma,代表岩浆侵位结晶时代。西大滩盆北花岗岩的黑云母K-Ar和Ar-Ar同位素年龄为134.47-145.3 Ma,指示晚期韧性剪切变形时代。应用矿物对热年代学方法,揭示出204.1-134.47 Ma、57. 67-26.0 Ma、26 Ma以来3期构造热事件,降温速率分别为6.46℃/Ma、4.91℃/Ma、3.84℃/Ma,对应的隆升速率分别为0.21 mm/a、0.16 mm/a、0.13 mm/a;说明134.47-57.67 Ma为缓慢降温和剥蚀夷平时期,对应的降温速率为0.64℃/Ma、差异隆升速率为0.02 mm/a。结合磷灰石裂变径迹测年和风火山群、五道梁群挤压缩短时代、区域伸展走滑起始年龄资料,推断昆仑山南部新生代山脉快速隆升发生于渐新世-中新世早期,估算隆升速率达0.26 mm/a。     

燕山南缘盘山岩体的热历史与构造-地貌演化过程

应用热年代学方法,揭示了燕山南缘盘山岩体的热历史与隆升过程。结果表明,盘山岩体的侵位深度约为10km.岩体侵位以后,经历了快速冷却过程,在226.48Ma~204.95Ma期间,岩体温度由520℃冷却至300℃,平均降温速率为10.22℃/Ma.204.95Ma~118Ma期间为盘山岩体的缓缦隆升时期,平均隆升速率约为0.028mm/a,隆升幅度约2.5km.118Ma~96Ma为盘山岩体较快速隆升时期,隆升速率为0.035mm/a,隆升幅度约0.77km.96Ma~35Ma为盘山岩体与盘山山脉的快速隆升时期,隆升速率约为0.115mm/a,隆升总幅度达7km.35Ma以来,盘山岩体的隆升速率很小,仅约0.014mm/a,隆升幅度约为0.5km.盘山周缘环状构造系统的形成时代略早于226.48Ma,盘山南缘边界正断层的活动时代为中生代末~始新世。      

陈家庄铀矿同位素地质年代学特征

陈家庄铀矿床铀单矿物U-Pb及黑云母K-Ar、全岩Rb-Sr同位素定年结果,成矿时期为423—382Ma,主成矿年龄406Ma,矿床形成至今仍保持半封闭系统,未遭受明显后期改造。本区早古生代时期发生的区域动力热流变质作用的年龄为457Ma,热液活动的上限为378Ma,冷却年龄为373—350Ma,伟晶状花岗岩原岩丰龄452Ma。并提出了本区主要地质事件时序及演化模式。     

念青唐古拉花岗岩热演化历史和山脉隆升过程的热年代学分析

念青唐古拉山是青藏高原内部的重要山脉,主体由黑云母二长花岗岩组成,岩体内部发育不同类型的变质岩包体如Lgn、Ygn片麻岩和元古代（Pt）变质岩,岩体东西两侧发育伸展型韧性剪切带。对念青唐古拉黑云母二长花岗岩进行矿物对热年代学分析,良好地揭示了岩浆热演化历史和山脉隆升过程。通过单颗粒锆石离子探针测年,发现65．0～55．0Ma发生早期岩浆侵位事件,形成Lgn、Ygn花岗片麻岩包体;在18．3～11．1Ma期间,在约11km深度的Lgn、Ygn下方发生大规模岩浆侵位和结晶成岩事件,形成念青唐古拉黑云母二长花岗岩（NG）。在11．1～9．3Ma期间,念青唐古拉花岗岩发生快速冷却和隆升过程,平均降温速度约222．2℃／Ma,对应的平均差异隆升速率为5．56mm／a;在9．3～8．6Ma期间,念青唐古拉花岗岩继续发生差异隆升和快速降温,平均降温速率为142．8℃／Ma,对应的差异隆升速率为3．57mm／a;在8．0～5．0Ma期间,念青唐古拉山区发生伸展型韧性剪切变形,导致念青唐古拉花岗岩快速隆升,平均差异隆升速率为3．50mm／a;在5．0～3．7Ma期间,念青唐古拉花岗岩继续发生构造隆升,平均降温速率约92．3℃／Ma,对应的平均差异隆升速率为2．31mm／a。自3．7Ma以来念青唐古拉花岗岩平均降温速度达27．0℃／Ma,平均抬升速度达0．68mm／a。念青唐古拉岩浆集聚、NG花岗岩侵位与INDEPTH-Ⅱ地震深反射亮点揭示的地壳局部熔融存在动力学成因联系,导致上地壳伸展构造变形、NG花岗岩缓慢冷却和念青唐古拉山脉快速隆升。     

北大别主簿源花岗岩和片麻岩矿物的

对大别造山带北部主簿源中生代花岗岩侵入体及其围岩片麻岩进行了矿物氧同位素分析，同时对同一样品进行了矿物 Rb- Sr内部等时线定年。结果表明，花岗岩和片麻岩矿物的氧同位素温度大小顺序为：角闪石 >磁铁矿 >榍石 >石英 >黑云母 >长石，遵循缓慢冷却条件下扩散控制的氧同位素交换封闭顺序，指示这些岩石没有受到后期热液蚀变的扰动。根据黑云母-长石-磷灰石-全岩内部 Rb- Sr等时线测定，花岗岩的年龄为 (118± 3) Ma，代表了岩浆侵位冷却年龄；片麻岩的年龄为 (122± 1) Ma，代表了片麻岩受大面积燕山期岩浆侵位热烘烤达到高温同位素平衡后的冷却年龄。因此，矿物之间的氧同位素平衡与否 ,能够对矿物 Rb- Sr体系封闭后平衡状态的保存性以及矿物内部等时线定年的有效性予直接制约。     

房山岩体构造-热演化:来自(U-Th)/He年龄的约束

房山岩体位于华北克拉通北缘,明确其中-新生代的隆升剥露过程及构造演化史可以为华北克拉通的构造演化提供有力证据.运用锆石裂变径迹、磷灰石（U-Th）/He及锆石（U-Th）/He等构造热年代学研究方法,综合房山岩体高、中、低温热年代学资料,重建了房山岩体的构造-热演化历史,并根据不同矿物的封闭温度差（ΔT）和与之对应冷却年龄差（Δt）的关系,计算侵入岩体在不同构造热演化阶段的抬升冷却速率,分析了岩体隆升速率的变化特征,结合前人研究成果进一步探讨了房山岩体隆升过程的基本特点.研究表明,房山侵入岩体构造热演化分为4个阶段:（1）130.0~123.5 Ma,侵位岩浆结晶-固结阶段,岩体平均冷却速率高达88.46 ℃/Ma;（2）123.5~56.0 Ma,岩体相对缓慢冷却阶段,平均冷却速率为0.74 ℃/Ma,平均隆升速率为29.6 m/Ma;（3）56~35 Ma,岩体相对快速冷却阶段,平均冷却速率为6.90 ℃/Ma,隆升速率为276.0 m/Ma;（4）35 Ma以来,岩体相对缓慢冷却阶段,平均冷却速率为1.0 ℃/Ma,隆升速率为40.0 m/Ma,构造趋于稳定.结合区域构造动力学环境的研究,分析了房山岩体构造热演化可能的动力学成因,认为房山岩体阶段性抬升冷却可能与华北克拉通东部太平洋板块的俯冲作用、南北两侧陆内俯冲造山作用和西南部印度-欧亚大陆碰撞、青藏高原隆升等远程构造挤压有关.房山岩体的形成及相对快速抬升冷却阶段分别对应于华北克拉通两期重要的破坏高峰.      

滇西临沧花岗岩基冷却的热年代学分析

为利用热年代学方法重建临沧花岗岩基的冷却历史,测定了6块花岗岩样品的锆石U-Pb年龄、黑云母Rb-Sr等时线年龄、黑云母和钾长石的~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar年龄以及锆石和磷灰石的裂变径迹数据。分析表明,自结晶以来,岩基主体经历了较复杂的热演化,在两个基本阶段即早期快速冷却阶段和晚期缓慢冷却阶段上叠加了短周期的热扰动,从中—晚三叠世到早侏罗世末,冷却速率可以达到6℃～13℃/Ma,中侏罗世冷却缓慢,晚侏罗世到早白垩世早期,岩基快速冷却,平均速率达到5℃/Ma,早白垩世晚期到喜山运动前,为缓慢冷却阶段,平均速率仅为0．5℃/Ma,喜山运动后,受印藏碰撞的影响,岩基经历了两期冷却事件,早期冷却速率为5℃～10℃/Ma,晚期即5Ma以来冷却速率明显增大,特别是近3Ma以来的冷却速率达到16℃～20℃/Ma；早白垩世侵入的岩体(如样品S57),在侵入后快速冷却,晚白垩世以后与岩基主体同步冷却；宕基东倒糜棱岩带不是形成于150Ma,而可能是早期陆陆碰撞造山时推覆冲断的产物；自晚白垩世以来,岩基地区的总剥蚀厚度可达5000m左右,其中印藏碰撞引起的剥蚀可达3500m左右。     

安徽月山岩体的40Ar/39Ar年龄及与其有关的成矿时代估计

安徽月山岩体是长江中下游钢铁成矿带中的一个重要含矿岩体.我们对该岩体的角闪石和黑云母进行了⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar年龄测定.角闪石的未扰动年龄谱给出岩体侵位年龄为136Ma.根据黑云母的扰动年龄谱,估计岩体从浸位到矿化（晚期热液作用）的时间间隔不少于9Ma.月山岩体的年龄测定结果以及前人对长江中下游其它含铜岩体的年龄测定结果表明,该区所有铜矿化岩体均形成于136Ma前,且产出于沿江构造单元内.此外,月山岩体的研究还表明,对中酸性岩的年龄测定,封闭温度高的角闪石是较理想的样品,在解释与矿化有关或热液作用发育的岩体的黑云母K-Ar结果时,必须持慎重态度.     

大别山石马地区石榴黑云片麻岩的Sm-Nd、K-Ar年龄及冷却速率

南大别地体中榴辉岩的围岩──石榴黑云片麻岩具有角闪岩相变质矿物组合,其变质温度为525℃,Sm-Nd矿物等时线年龄为(229±3)Ma.黑云母的K-Ar封闭温度为300℃,相应K-Ar年龄为(231±5)Ma.因此该片麻岩在230Ma左右从525℃迅速冷却到300℃以下。然而该区榴辉岩在印支期(221Ma)变质温度为700℃左右,直到134Ma才降至400-450℃。说明该区榴辉岩与该片麻岩具有不同的冷却史。它不支持榴辉岩是原地(in situ)成因的。     

Temporal relationship between granite cooling and hydrothermal uranium mineralization at Dalongshan in China: a combined radiometric and oxygen isotopic study

A combined study using multi-radiometric dating and oxygen isotopic geothermometry was carried out for Mesozoic quartz syenite, alkali-feldspar granite and associated hydrothermal uranium mineralization at Dalongshan in the Middle-Lower Yangtze valley of east-central China. Radiometric dating of the quartz syenite yields a whole-rock Rb–Sr isochron age of 135.6±4.3 Ma, a zircon U–Pb isochron age of 132.9±2.2 Ma, and K–Ar ages of 126±2, 118±3 and 94±4 Ma for hornblende, biotite and orthoclase, respectively. The alkali-feldspar granite yields a whole-rock Rb–Sr isochron age of 117.3±3.3 Ma, a zircon U–Pb isochron age of 114.7±2.1 Ma, and K–Ar ages of 112±2, 109±3 and 88±4 Ma for hornblende, biotite and orthoclase, respectively. Oxygen isotope thermometry for both granites gives temperatures of 685 to 720, 555 to 580, 435 to 460 and 320 to 330 °C, for hornblende, magnetite, biotite and orthoclase respectively, when paired with quartz. The systematic differences among the ages by the different techniques on the different minerals are used to reconstruct the cooling history of the granite. The results yield rapid cooling rates of 27.4 to 58.6 °C/Ma from 800 to 300 °C in the early stage, but slow cooling rates of 6.3 to 7.2 °C/Ma from 300 to 150 °C in the late stage. The regular sequence of oxygen isotope temperatures for the different quartz–mineral pairs demonstrates that diffusion is a dominant factor controlling the closure of both radiometric and O isotopic systems during granite cooling. Pitchblende U–Pb isochron dating yields an uranium mineralization age of 106.4±2.9 Ma, which is younger than the age of the granite emplacement and thus considerably postdates the time of magma crystallization, but is close to the closure time of the K–Ar system in the biotite. This points to a close relationship between granite cooling and ore-forming process. It appears that hydrothermal mineralization took place in the stage of slow cooling of the granite, whereas the rapid cooling of the granite was concurrent with the migration of hydrothermal fluids along fault structures. Therefore, the activity of the ore-forming hydrothermal system is temporally dictated by the cooling rates of the granite and may lag about 25 to 30 Ma behind the crystallization timing of associated granite.     

The Thermal History of the Huangmeijian Granite Intrusion in Anhiii and Its Relation to Mineralization: Isotopic Evidence

Abstract Whole—rock Rb—Sr, zircon U—Pb and hornblende, biotite and K—feldspar K—Ar ages are used to reconstruct the cooling history of the Huangmeijian intrusion in the Anqing—Lujiang quartz—syenite belt in Anhui. Oxygen isotope geothermometry of mineral pairs demonstrates that diffusion is a dominant factor controlling the closure of isotopic systems. Assuming the cooling of the intrusion is synchronous with a dicrease in local geothermal gradients, an emplacement depth of about 8 km and the magma crystallization temperature of 800 ± 50°C are estimated. The Huangmeijian intrusion experienced a rapid cooling process and uplifted after its emplacement and crystallization at 133 Ma B.P. with a cooling rate of 34.5°C / Ma and an uplifting rate of 0.35 mm/ a. The intrusion was rising until it rested at a depth of 3 km at a temperature of 300 ± 50°C about 14 Ma later. Then the intrusion was in slow cooling and uplifting with a cooling rate of 4.4°C / Ma and an uplifting rate of 0.04 mm/ a. U—Pb dating of pitchblende is done for the hydrothermal uranium deposit formed in the contact zone of the Huangmeijian intrusion. The result shows that the mineralization age is close to the closing time of the K—Ar system in biotite. The fluid inclusion thermometry indicates that the mineralization temperature is in agreement with the closure temperature of the biotite K—Ar system. This suggests a close relationship between the slow cooling of the intrusion and the hydrothermal uranium mineralization process.     

UPb emplacement and 40Ar/39Ar cooling ages of the eastern Mont-Louis granite massif (Eastern Pyrenees,France)

Zircon UPb dating by SIMS of the Mont-Louis granite yields an age of 305±5 Ma, intrepreted to reflect the igneous emplacement age of the massif. It is in agreement with the Hercynian syntectonic character of Pyrenees granite. ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar on hornblende, biotite and K-feldspar permit, to estimate the massif cooling. A rapid temperature decrease (≈30 °C/Ma) is revealed from Westphalian to Late Stephanian, coeval with the emplacement of a laccolithe in the upper crust. Then, the cooling rate decreases to ≈1 °C/Ma. This would be consistent with a long time residence for the pluton from the Late Palaeozoic to the Early Cainozoic at 6–8 km depth. To cite this article: O. Maurel et al., C. R. Geoscience 336 (2004).     

Geochronology and Ore Mineralization of the Dzheltula Alkaline Massif (Aldan Shield,South Yakutia)

The Dzheltula alkaline massif is located in the Tyrkanda ore region of the Chara–Aldan metallogenic zone of the Aldan–Stanovy Shield (South Yakutia). The region contains separate placer gold objects, which are being explored at the present time, and ore-bearing Mesozoic alkaline intrusions, which are weakly studied due to their poor accessibility. The Dzheltula massif (DM) is the largest exposed multiple-ring intrusion within the Tyrkanda ore region; therefore, it is considered as a typical object for geological, petrological, geochronological, and metallogenic studies. The DM consists of five magmatic phases of syenite composition. ⁴⁰Ar–³⁹Ar dating has established that the crystallization age of the oldest phase, the leucocratic syenite porphyry (pulaskite), is 121.1 ± 1.3 Ma. The crystallization age of the cross-cutting phases represented by syenite–porphyry dikes (laurvikites and pulaskites) ranges from 120.1 ± 2 to 118.3 ± 2.1 Ma. The youngest phase of the massif, trachyte, crystallized at 115.5 ± 1.6 Ma. According to the mineralogical and geochemical studies, two types of ore mineralization, namely gold and uranium–thorium–rare-earth (U–Th–REE), are established within the DM. The gold mineralization was found in the quartz–chlorite–pyritized metasomatites. It is confined to the NNE- and NNW-trending fault zones and coincides with the strike of the syenite porphyry dike belt. Uranium–thorium–rare-earth mineralization has been established in the quartz–feldspathic metasomatites localized in the outer contact of the massif. The juxtaposition of mineralization of different types in some zones of the Dzheltula syenite massif significantly increases the ore potential of the studied object within the Tyrkanda ore region.     

Dating Magmatic Hornblende and Biotite and Hydrothermal Sericite by Laser Probe Technique：Constraints on Genesis of Wangershan Gold Deposit, Eastern Shandong Province, China

INTRODUCTIONEasternShandongProvincerepresentsthelargestgoldconcentrationregioninChina ,withannualproduc tion >5 5 - 6 0tgoldandpresentreserveofmorethan90 0tgold ,accountingforaquarterofthetotalgoldproductioninthecountry .Amajorityofthegoldde positsishostedintheJurassic Cretaceousgranitoidin trusions .TimingofgoldmineralizationineasternShan donghasbeenamajorfocusofmanypreviousstudies .K Ar,Rb SrandconventionalU Pbisotopicdatinginthelasttwodecadeshaveyieldedawiderangeofminer alizationag…     

浙东南某些中生代侵入岩体的^40Ar—^39Ar年龄测定

采用~(40)Ar~(39)Ar定年技术测定了浙东南几个侵入于磨石山群中的燕山期中酸性岩侵入体的年龄。梁弄岩体的石英闪长岩和二长花岗岩的年龄为101Ma,龙王堂岩体的花岗岩和钾长花岗岩的年龄均为110Ma,山头郑石英闪长岩年龄为108Ma,洪公石英正长岩的年龄为124Ma。此年龄范围与早白垩世太平洋洋底快速扩张期相当。     

Cooling history of the Puttetti alkali syenite pluton,southern India

The Puttetti alkali syenite pluton in southern India belongs to the suite of felsic magmatic intrusives emplaced during the Late Neoprotrozoic-Cambrian time during the final phase of amalgamation of the Gondwana supercontinent. In this study, we evaluate the cooling history of this pluton based on various isotopic systems. We present whole-rock Pb-Pb data on the syenite which yields an isochron age of 508±25Ma. Three phlogopite separates from the syenite pluton give K-Ar ages of 454.0±9.0, 448.5±8.9 and 445.6±8.8 Ma indicating cooling age at temperatures of ∼415°C. U-Pb analyses of zircons from this syenite yielded an age of 572±2 Ma in a previous study. With U-Pb closure temperatures >800 o C, this age probably indicates the timing of emplacement of the Puttetti pluton. Collectively, we estimate from the isotopic age data and respective closure temperatures that the syenite body cooled at about 3.2 o C/Ma from about 800 o C to about 415 o C. The markedly low cooling rate of the syenite pluton, absence of chilled margin effects, and common occurrence of pyroxene, feldspar, phlogopite and zircons megacrysts in the rock indicate that the host granulites were at high temperatures during the emplacement of the syenite magma. The cooling history of Puttetti syenite estimated in this study is closely comparable with the 3–4 o C/Ma cooling rate estimated for a granite pluton in a previous study from Madagascar. Our study suggests protracted cooling rates for the late Pan-African intrusives emplaced within the Gondwana crust, with a long residence history in a hot crust bore they were exhumed to shallower levels.     

云南个旧锡铜多金属矿区新山和高峰山岩体中高温热演化史及其与成矿的关系

云南个旧是全球最大的锡铜多金属矿床,主要成矿作用是与燕山期花岗岩密切有关的岩浆–热液体系。本文依据锆石U-Pb测年和~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar年代学对矿区内新山和高峰山花岗岩体进行测试分析,数据揭示矿区内南部和北部的花岗岩体的高–中温阶段热演化史曲线具有相似的演化趋势,只是冷却时间存在3~6 Ma的间隔。南部新山岩体于89~85 Ma形成,此后岩体经历了快速冷却过程,冷却速率为58.70~62.08℃/Ma。之后进入中温400~250℃的缓慢冷却过程,冷却速率为17.39~19.32℃/Ma,并持续到68~69 Ma。北部岩体的热演化史曲线明显滞后于南部岩体,北部高峰山岩体于83~82 Ma形成,之后经历快速冷却过程,冷却速率为295.59℃/Ma和103.29℃/Ma,于80 Ma进入400~250℃,此后以冷却速率为7.14~5.69℃/Ma,进入极其缓慢冷却过程并持续至67 Ma。矿区内花岗岩体先遭受快速冷却后进入中温阶段的缓慢长时间冷却作用过程,为锡铜主期成矿作用提供了持续的热源和流体运移动力学过程,也与矿区南、北部的成矿作用差异相吻合。