跨断层短边测距资料处理中的GM模型

应用灰色系统理论的GM模型对短边测距资料进行了处理并识别异常,发现在绝大多数中强地震前,如1989年大同6.1级地震,1991年大同5.8级地震,1991年唐山4.8级、5.1级地震,1995年唐山古冶5.0级地震,1996年包头6.4级地震,1998年张北6.2级地震前,均有比较明显的异常显示.对所建模型的精度进行了检验,证明这一方法识别异常可靠,可用于地震预报.     

卢龙M_L6.2级地震前跨断层短水准的中短期前兆(英文)

本文运用构造、前兆二判式鉴别了唐山跨断层短水准形变异常,并论述了卢龙M_L6.2级地震前的中期异常和短临前兆特征。以此为据,阐明了这次地震是在1981年下半年华北区域应力场明显加强时,唐山7.8级地震的发震断层反向逆冲异常运动所造成的。 宁河、唐山、东台子三处短水准形变异常的相应出现,再次表明即使埋设在地壳运动强烈区土层中的跨断层短水准测线亦有较好的监测地震的能力,而其所受干挠通常是可以识别和排除的。     

华北地区强震前断层形变异常与演化特征

利用华北北部地区20世纪70年代以来的跨断层形变观测资料，研究了该区强震前的断层形变异常。结果表明：唐山、大同和张北地震前断层形变的中、短期前兆异常显著，说明剧烈的断层活动是强震发生的重要信息；唐山地震在形变异常恢复后或在恢复过程中发生的异常测项的比例高于大同和张北地震；断层活动存在10年左右周期的群体准同步阶段性特征；在大同和张北地震活跃期内，震前断层形变主要表现为突跳性(无趋势积累)短期异常，而在唐山地震活跃期内，断层形变主要表现为趋势性积累，这可能是华北6级～7级以上强震前断层形变异常特征的主要区别之一。     

跨断层垂直观测系统布设

本文根据1976年唐山7.8级地震前发震断裂两侧水准点高程变化的特征提出,布设跨断层垂直观测系统时须考虑到断层两侧相对运动,垂直应变积累以及水准点位不稳的影响。并结合跨断层短水准测量的现状,对系统的布设和施测提出了意见。     

唐山大震前大灰厂和牛口峪台站的地壳形变异常

唐山地震前北京大灰厂、牛口峪台站的形变异常是至今被认为较为可靠的异常。本文着重剖析了两台站短水准与连通管资料。讨论了温度与降雨干扰的特点与机制;通过各项资料的对比、人工降雨干扰试验,论述了异常的可靠性;采用褶积滤波的方法基本上排除了观测数据中的温度与降雨干扰;分析了异常的特点,说明了地震前后八宝山断裂带的活动特点。根据唐山地震前后大范围形变场的演化及某些模拟试验结果,提出了唐山大震中期形变异常的模式,说明了异常与大震的密切关系。文中进一步分析了两台的主要特点,对形变前兆观测,特别是对监视断层活动,观测地震前兆的工作提出了值得重视和研究的某些问题。     

强震孕育与断层形变异常形态及时空分布特征

分析了华北北部20世纪70年代初以来的断层形变资料。结果表明：震前断层活动存在明显的阶段性特征；短临阶段断层形变异常主要形态有两种：一种是在α、β相后的γ相短临异常，这种异常一般在近源区出现；另一种是较大幅度的突跳型短临异常，这种异常一般在远源区出现，这些都是断层形变前兆由中期过渡到短期的明显标志；断层形变短临异常有从外围向震中迁移的特征；唐山地震前出现γ相短临异常的比例高于大同和张北地震，主要表现为在中期趋势积累背景上的反向；3次强震前α、β、γ相异常场地的分布具构造控制特征；强震前场地断层异常活动存在象限性分布特征，且与震源机制解的结果基本一致。     

云南文山5.3级地震跨断层形变短期前兆研究

将云南东部的断层网络视为一个互有关联的动力学系统,利用蕴震系统信息合成方法对该系统15条跨断层短水准和14条短基线资料进行处理与分析,结果表明：2005年8月云南文山5．3级地震前,断层形变短期异常明显,且水平运动异常较垂直运动更为明显。     

耿达短水准异常与汶川8.0级地震

结合龙门山断裂带其他跨断层资料，对耿达短水准在汶川8.0级地震前后的观测资料进行了重新分析，发现耿达短水准在汶川地震前后的异常为当地居民修建生活小区所致，不应视为地震前兆异常。     

定点倾斜观测映震能力综述

搜集整理了我国定点倾斜观测近30年来已发表的观测成果,归纳出常用的倾斜资料处理方法,通过统计在历次地震发生前、震中附近一定范围内的定点倾斜观测是否出现异常以及震前异常的幅度,得到了倾斜前兆异常量级、倾斜异常与震中和震级的统计关系,对倾斜台网未来的发展和台网布局具有一定的参考意义.     

用H_∞控制论方法识别地震前兆异常的初步探讨

本文利用控制论方法，给出由地震引起的井水水位变化和地形变变化的数学模型，并设计反馈控制器使用干扰在Ｈ_∞的范数意义下达到最小或者使该系统稳定，由此所得到的输出反映了由地震引起的异常。作为例子，文中给出了用此方法得到的１９７６年７月２８唐山７．８级地震前大灰厂短水准和汉沽双桥１号井水位短期前兆异常变化的清晰识别结果。     

Preliminary study on plasma membrane fluidity of Psychrophilic Yeast Rhodotorula sp.NJ298 in low temperature

The ability of cell to modulate the fluidity of plasma membrane was crucial to the survival of microorganism at low temperature. Plasma membrane proteins, fatty acids and carotenoids profiles of Antarctic psychrophilc yeast Rhodotorula sp. NJ298 were investigated at -3 ℃, 0 ℃ and 8 ℃. The results showed that plasma membrane protein content was greater at -3 ℃ than that at 8 ℃, and a unique membrane polypeptide composition with an apparent molecular mass of 94.7 kDa was newly synthesized with SDS-PAGE analysis; GC analysis showed that the main changes of fatty acids were the percentage of unsaturated fatty acids (C18∶ 1 and C18∶ 2) and shorter chain saturated fatty acid (C10∶ 0) increased along with the decrease of the culture temperature from 8 ℃ to -3 ℃; HPLC analysis indicated that astaxanthin was the major functional carotenoids of the plasma membrane, percentage of which increased from 54.6±1.5% at 8 ℃ to 81.9±2.1% at -3 ℃. However the fluidity of plasma membrane which was determined by measuring fluorescence anisotropy was similar at -3 ℃, 0 ℃ and 8 ℃. Hence these changes in plasma membrane's characteristics were involved in the cellular cold-adaptation by which NJ298 could maintain normal plasma membrane fluidity at near-freezing temperature.     

Information for authors

正1 Aims and Scope Advances in Polar Science(APS)is an international,peer-reviewed journal jointly sponsored by the Polar Research Institute of China and the Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration.APS is a comprehensive academic journal dedicated to presentation of multi-disciplinary achievements in Arctic and Antarctic expeditions and research.Its primary purpose     

JOURNAL OF OCEAN UNIVERSITY OF CHINA

<正>Copyright Submfnion of a roanusatpt inks:that the work described has not been published before(exoept In the form of an abstrW or as part of a published lecture,review,or thesis);that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere that its publication has been approved by ail     

Information for Authors

<正>The Journal of Ocean University of China(Oceanic and Coastal Sea Research)is a comprehensive academic quarterly sponsored by the Ocean University of China,published one volume per year.This journal is devoted to the publication of the theoretical and applied research results on oceanography and marine fisheries.The fieldcovered include the physical,chemical,biological,geo-     

Hydraulics and Hydrology in Mountain Areas

<正>The 35th IAHR World Congress was held in Chengdu,China from September 8 to September 132013.The title of the conference was:"The Wise Finds Pleasure in Water:Meandering through Water Science and Engineering".During the congress,1239 papers were presented in 139sessions for oral presentations and 7 sessions for poster presentations.After the Congress,a Committee was appointed to select some of the best papers presented at the Congress for publication,after a     

Sea ice thickness measurement in spring season in Bothnian Bay using an electromagnetic induction instrument

As an important component of the cryosphere,sea ice is very sensitive to the climate change.The study of the sea ice physics needs accurate sea ice thickness.This paper presents an electromagnetic-induction(EM) technique which can be used to measure the sea ice thickness distribution efficiently,and the successful application in Bothnian Bay.Based on the electromagnetic field theory and the electrical properties of sea ice and seawater,EM technique can detect the distance between the instrument and the ice/water interface accurately,than the sea ice thickness is obtained.Contrastive analysis of the apparent conductivity data obtained by EM and the value of drill-hole at same positions allows a construction of a transformable formula of the apparent conductivity to sea ice thickness.The verification of the sea ice thickness calculated by this formula indicates that EM technique is able to get reliable sea ice thickness with average relative error of only 12%.The statistic of all ice thickness profiles shows that the level ice distribution in Bothnian Bay was 0.4-0.6 m.     

Thermohaline structure inhomogeneity associated with polynia at the northern margin of Emery Ice-shelf

Based on the hydrographic data in austral summer during the 22nd Antarctic Expedition of China(2005/2006),some features can be found about the northern margin of Emery ice shelf as follows.The heat content in the surface layer(0-50 m) at the eastern end and the western end of the ice-shelf margin is much higher than that at the middle.The upper mixing-layer depth and the seasonal thermocline depth at the middle of the ice-shelf northern margin are much shallower than those at the both ends.However there is much less difference between the middle and the ends in the bottom layer.The remote sensing photos show that the inhomogeneity in the surface-layer water is closely related to the spatial distribution of the floes and polynia in the area.     

Foreword

正Rapid changes of Arctic sea ice cover have been in the focus of the international climate research community in recent years.Quite a few of nations have completed a large number of related surveys and research projects in the Arctic Ocean.Up to now,China has performed six research cruises to the Arctic Ocean resulting in a significant volume of research output.Improved knowledge on the atmospheree-sea ice-ocean interactions in the Arctic is a