一种基于云GIS技术的地理信息服务新方式

云GIS技术是当前GIS应用研究的热点。本文研究了基于云GIS技术构建地理信息服务平台的新服务方式,提出了一种云GIS四层次服务体系,并探讨了各层次的服务能力,从而将传统的地理信息服务延伸到"云服务"层面;在此基础上进行了应用实证研究,并将其应用于江苏省地理信息公共服务平台建设,成功构建了"测绘·云"GIS平台,可以面向不同用户需求提供不同层级的云服务;最后,分析了这种新地理信息服务方式的重要特征。     

云GIS服务平台软件架构选型及服务模式设计

随着地理信息公共服务平台建设的深入,用户对看图、用图、制图、出图等系列地理信息在线服务提出了更高要求.为了满足公众及专业应用部门的地理信息服务需求,本研究从云计算视角切入,提出了一种基于云服务的云GIS服务平台架构设计与服务模式设计方案.平台在云计算技术下构建了云GIS环境,用户可以按需租用云GIS环境动态提供的虚拟数据中心、基础设施、平台、软件等资源,最大限度地拓展省级测绘服务保障能力.基于该软件架构,专题图在线制作等高级地理信息应用可以通过在线服务的方式高效、稳定地提供.     

省级地理信息云服务平台构建与应用

省级地理信息公共服务平台是支撑全省信息化建设、高效实现地理信息资源共享与应用的基础性、公益性公共服务平台。本研究针对现有平台服务模式单一、数据处理和更新压力大、应用需求强烈等问题,提出包括"四层一端"云GIS架构、"一站式"地图应用服务和"全栈式"云GIS资源租用解决方案在内的系列云GIS技术成果,并建设形成省级地理信息云服务平台。研究成果可望为相关地理信息云服务平台建设提供借鉴。     

基于Hadoop的云GIS体系结构研究

在研究现有云GIS体系结构的基础上,以开源云计算平台Hadoop为基础,设计并实践了一种云GIS体系结构。本结构分为物理层、云平台层、服务层、应用层等四层。其特点是利用HBase对海量空间数据及部门业务数据进行分布式存储以解决HDFS不善管理小文件的缺点;运用MapReduce技术将GIS的分析任务分布于集群节点进行处理以提高计算效率。文章最后设计并实践了基于云平台的空间数据分布式存储与标准地图服务发布,实践表明,本文提出的体系结构具有很好的合理性和可行性。     

主流云GIS平台软件应用分析

基于目前普遍认可的云GIS关键技术和部署模式,本文将云GIS的技术实践归纳为软件架构、与IaaS集成、公有云GIS服务、公有云GIS解决方案、私有云GIS解决方案和云端访问产品6个方面。详细阐述了两家主流云GIS平台厂商现有的云产品体系和提供的面向大众与行业用户的解决方案;并提出云GIS平台厂商应有针对性地为各种层次地理信息共享平台提供软硬件一体化的解决方案。     

云计算支撑的大众位置服务架构设计及实现

面向大规模全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)基准站网和差分定位用户同时接入GNSS差分服务系统的需求,为解决1 000个以上GNSS基准站实时数据流处理和5 000个以上差分用户实时服务问题,该文提出微服务调度和维护模式,合理设计了大众位置服务云平台的架构及功能,初步构建了位置私有云平台,开发提供了位置服务产品.并对云平台进行了大规模并发用户接入性能测试,测试表明大众位置服务云平台具备同时管理和并发接入基准站数据流超过3 000个,单格网区域可同时服务用户超过5 000个.以湖南省为例,大众位置服务云平台设计3个服务格网,可同时服务在线并发用户数超过130 000个.     

云GIS平台构建的关键技术研究

云计算是一种新型的分布式计算模式,也是当前IT界研究热点。云GIS平台提供了一种稳定、高效、低成本、环保的支撑应用架构,可以构建各种基于Web的弹性的、按需的地理信息服务,必将成为下一代GIS服务平台。本文在分析了国内外云GIS平台发展现状的基础上,研究了涉及云GIS平台构建的基础设施虚拟化、地理数据云存储、GIS自动化部署等关键技术,从而为相关云GIS平台建设提供一定的指导与借鉴。     

微服务分布式架构的GIS公有云平台实践

微服务架构围绕具体的业务领域组件可创建多个应用,这些应用可以独立开发、部署、管理和加速.在分散的组件中使用微服务和云平台架构,使部署、管理和服务功能交付变得更加简单.本文基于主流公有云平台和Docker容器,以微服务架构和SuperMap云GIS平台技术为框架,构建了企业级在线GIS公有云开发平台Su-perMap Online.该平台在线提供构建GIS Web应用所需的资源,包括Web Apps、GIS数据、开发APIs以及GIS云主机等.其中,GIS云主机内置了GIS服务器软件、许可,不需要安装、部署,在线购买就可以获取完整的GIS服务器.     

云GIS在国土资源档案管理中的应用

以广东省国土资源档案云平台的构建为例,重点介绍基于私有云GIS构建国土资源档案云平台的观点,分析了云GIS平台模式选择和架构方法,详述了在国土资源档案云平台上提供的档案资源服务和GIS方法应用服务内容,为国土资源档案信息化的建设和发展提供了新的思路。     

基于云架构的市级政务 GIS 平台研究

云计算是“智慧城市”建设的核心技术之一,而基于云架构的政务GIS则是电子政务建设的重要趋势。针对政务云GIS搭建面临的资源池化、异构兼容、网络部署等问题,本文提出了政务GIS云平台四层框架结构,详细阐述了支撑平台、信息资源和功能服务池化策略,讨论了多种情况下的异构资源兼容策略,并提出“内主外辅”的网络部署方案。     

阿克苏河-塔里木河水系水质污染遥感监测与评价

 采用Landsat TM数据分析了阿克苏河—塔里木河断面水质污染状况,通过波段的DN值和常规监测数据建立能反映水质状况的 污染物监测模型。结果发现,将2000年常规监测数据代入模型后,与遥感数据的结果基本吻合| 重建阿克苏河—塔里木河的连续水体 污染变化曲线,得出污染物浓度随着远离上游而增加。     

Monitoring drought dynamics in the Aravalli region (India) using different indices based on ground and remote sensing data

The hard-rock hilly Aravalli terrain of Rajasthan province of India suffers with frequent drought due to poor and delayed monsoon, abnormally high summer-temperature and insufficient water resources. In the present study, detailed analysis of meteorological and hydrological data of the Aravalli region has been carried out for the years 1984–2003. Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) has been used to quantify the precipitation deficit. Standardised Water-Level Index (SWI) has been developed to assess ground-water recharge-deficit. Vegetative drought indices like Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and Temperature Condition Index (TCI) and Vegetation Health Index (VHI) have been computed using NDVI values obtained from Global Vegetation Index (GVI) and thermal channel data of NOAA AVHRR satellite. Detailed analyses of spatial and temporal drought dynamics during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons have been carried out through drought index maps generated in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment. Analysis and interpretation of these maps reveal that negative SPI anomalies not always correspond to drought. In the Aravalli region, aquifer-stress shifts its position time to time, and in certain pockets it is more frequent. In comparison to hydrological stress, vegetative stress in the Aravalli region is found to be slower to begin but quicker to withdraw.     

Landslide risk analysis between Giri and Tons Rivers in Himachal Himalaya (India)

The area around Sataun in the Sirmur district of Himachal Pradesh, India (falling between the rivers Giri and Tons; both tributaries of the Yamuna River) was studied for landslide vulnerability on behalf of the inhabitants. The study was made using extensive remote sensing data (satellite and airborne). It is well supported by field evidence, demographic and infrastructural details and aided by Geographic Information System (GIS) based techniques. Field observations testify that slope, aspect, geology, tectonic planes, drainage, and land use all influence landslides in the region. These parameters were taken into consideration using the statistical approach of landslide hazard zonation. Using the census data of 1991, vulnerability of the populace to the landslide hazard was accessed. As most of the infrastructure in the region is concentrated around population centres, population data alone was used for vulnerability studies.     

Gravity Changes Before Large Earthquakes in China: 1998-2005

Although it is well known that coseismic gravity changes take place during an earthquake, previous research has not yielded convincing evidence demonstrating that significant gravity changes occur before large earthquakes. Furthermore, even if we suspect that gravity changes occur before large earthquakes, we have yet to demonstrate how to consistently observe these changes for useful earthquake forecast that would bring benefits to society. We analyzed ground gravity survey data obtained in 1998, 2000, 200...     

GNSS系统及其技术的发展研究

阐述了国际上卫星导航系统的总体发展,对美、俄、欧、中的四大全球系统,以及相关的区域系统和增强系统进行了简单的介绍,研究分析了GNSS系统及其技术的发展趋势,同时分析了我国Compass全球系统面临的机遇和挑战,并提出了我国未来工作的建议.     

“4D”技术及其应用

介绍“４Ｄ”（即数字地面模型、数字正射影像、数字栅格地图和数字线划地图）系列产品的生产流程、关键技术、及其在耕地保护、防灾减灾救灾和城市规划等方面的应用方法。     

Virtual Australia: its key elements – know,think, communicate

Abstract

Virtual Australia is not a well-defined or agreed concept. This discussion paper conceptualises Virtual Australia as a ‘virtual [digital] model containing and representing all non-trivial objects and their contextual environment – from blue sky to bedrock – in real world Australia’. It describes a scenario for Virtual Australia, one or two decades from now, in which the locations and conditions of non-trivial objects and their environment are updated automatically through a combination of remote sensing and wireless communication technologies in support of a ‘Supranet’. It then examines the concept of the ‘Supranet’ – a pervasive information network based largely on wireless technology linking the physical world to a virtual model in real time – and develops and discusses three principal characteristics of the Supranet: the ability to have or collect specific information (know); the ability to process information (think); and the ability to communicate that information. If, in the near future, any or all non-trivial devices are to some extent able to know, think and communicate, the potential for object autonomy will be realised.     

Toward seamless indoor-outdoor applications: Developing stakeholder-oriented location-based services

Location-Based Services (LBS),an emerging new business based on smartphone and mobile networks,are becoming more and more popular.Most of these LBSs,however,only offer non-seamless indoor/outdoor applications and simple applications without giving stakeholders the chance to play an active role.Our specific aim is to solve these issues.This paper presents concepts to solve these issues by expanding the Open Location Services Interface Standard (OpenLS) to allow seamless indoor/outdoor positioning and to extend the content of the services to include information recommended by stakeholders.     

地理数据库的关系模型及其实现

本文从以图论观点分析地理实体入手,系统阐述了地理数据库关系模型的设计法和过程。作者于1984年4～9月间在微型机上设计建立了关系型地理数据库的实方验系统(RGDB)。该系统采用了本文提出的关系模型,采用了可动态扩库的子库组合结构,这种结构具有灵活性和提高空间利用率的优点。RGDB含有多种功能的数据操作命令,除了具有一般检索功能外,还能进行“开窗”选取和十分“自由”的映象选取。本文对RGDB系统的主要性能和实现途径作了扼要介绍。     

GIS空间数据的采集误差及其分析

本文详细阐述了GIS数据采集过程中的误差来源，重点分析了通过地图、遥感和摄影测量等方式采集数据所产生的误差及其特性，分析了其对GIS数据的影响与消减方法。