富钙长石-橄榄石型包体与典型富Ca,Al包体的矿物岩石学特征对比研究

本文研究了2个富钙长石-橄榄石型包体和2个富黄长石-尖晶石型和富尖晶石-辉石型包体（分别来自宁强和南极格罗夫山碳质球粒陨石）的矿物岩石学特征,并对它们进行了对比。富钙长石-橄榄石型包体的矿物模式组成具有富橄榄石和缺失黄长石的特征,其可能是球粒和典型难熔包体之间的中间产物,是认识它们之间相互关系的钥匙。矿物岩石学特征表明富黄长石-尖晶石型和富尖晶石-辉石型包体可能是星云直接凝聚的产物,而富钙长石-橄榄石型包体经历过熔融结晶过程。富钙长石-橄榄石型包体的初始物质可能是富Al的球粒或含难熔组分的蠕虫状橄榄石集合体。矿物化学组成对比研究发现,GRV 022459-RI6中的尖晶石具有最富FeO的特征,表明包体的蚀变可能发生在高氧逸度的星云环境。     

造山带陆壳增厚的一个岩石学记录

深部陆壳的生长及壳－幔相互作用是地质学家们关注的一个问题。火成岩及其中的深源包体是研究壳－幔深部作用的一个重要途径。文中以济南辉长岩及基 包体的研究为例,揭示华北陆合地区造山带陆壳增厚的特征。济南辉长岩具造山带火成岩属性。辉长岩中首次发现的尖晶石单辉岩和石榴石单辉岩包体与东部新生代玄武岩中的辉石岩包体不同,其主要矿物为深绿辉石,以及钙铝榴石、钙长石、方解石等一些富钙矿物和镁铁尖晶石等。这些辉石岩包     

造山带陆壳增厚的一个岩石学记录——以济南辉长岩及其包体研究为例

深部陆壳的生长及壳幔相互作用是地质学家们关注的一个问题。火成岩及其中的深源包体是研究壳幔深部作用的一个重要途径。文中以济南辉长岩及其深源包体的研究为例,揭示华北陆台地区造山带陆壳增厚的特征。济南辉长岩具造山带火成岩属性。辉长岩中首次发现的尖晶石单辉岩和石榴石单辉岩包体与中国东部新生代玄武岩中的辉石岩包体不同,其主要矿物为深绿辉石,以及钙铝榴石、钙长石、方解石等一些富钙矿物和镁铁尖晶石等。这些辉石岩包体并非来源于上地幔,对岩石组构、矿物组成以及矿物化学研究表明,辉石岩包体也不是从寄主辉长岩中直接结晶出来的。根据相平衡关系、矿物化学特征研究以及热力学计算表明,这种特殊类型的单辉岩包体来自大约５０～６０ｋｍ的深部陆壳,可能是下地壳富钙物质与岩浆底侵作用的产物。这些记录表明本区燕山期是一个增厚的陆壳。     

西藏罗布莎蛇绿岩的Os—Ir—Ru合金及其中玻安岩质包体的研究

笔者最近在西藏罗布莎蛇绿岩块豆荚状铬铁矿的Os-Ir-Ru合金中,发现自形晶的玻安岩质的包体群。按它们的主要化学成分,其相当于高Ca玻安岩。18个包体的平均化学成分为:MgO=20.15%,Al2O3=8.99%,SiO2=54.42%,CaO=11.15%,FeO=2.81%,Na2O=1.00%,并含有少量NiO和Cr2O3。由于该包体粒径较小(<20μm),用Raman激光光谱仪测定,它们具有尖晶石、磁铁矿和辉石等Raman谱,由此确定存在玻安岩质尖晶石。结合已发现的共生矿物,如硅金红石、八面体Mg-Fe硅酸盐等高压矿物,有理由推断玻安岩质尖晶石形成于400～670km深的过渡带。玻安岩质辉石是尖晶石降压相变产物。根据罗布莎铬铁矿高Cr特点,罗布莎铬铁矿的形成与该玻安岩质熔体有关。玻安岩质尖晶石、铬铁矿和Os-Ir-Ru合金三者统一形成于过渡带或地幔深部,由地幔柱快速上升搬运这些矿物到地幔浅部。     

西藏泽当蛇绿岩中角闪辉长岩矿物学特征及其成因启示

西藏泽当蛇绿岩位于雅鲁藏布江缝合带东段,由地幔橄榄岩、辉长岩、玄武岩等组成,地幔橄榄岩中发育有少量辉石岩、辉长岩、异剥钙榴岩、斜长花岗岩和角闪辉长岩。本文研究的角闪辉长岩侵入于泽当地幔橄榄岩的辉石岩中,主要由角闪石、葡萄石+绿纤石和少量Fe-Ti氧化物组成。岩石中角闪石呈自形,伟晶结构,褐色,均一的干涉色,与交代成因的角闪石相比具有较高的Al2O3(7.0%~11.0%)、Ti O2(1.0%~2.5%)和Na2O(1.0%~1.9%)含量,指示其为岩浆成因;Fe-Ti氧化物以磁铁矿为主(Ti O2=1.2%~13.2%;Fe2O3=40.6%~61.4%;Fe O=31.1%~43.6%),与钛铁矿(Ti O2=36.2%~50.8%;Fe2O3=2.5%~24.6%;Fe O=33.0%~43.7%)经常呈矿物对共生或出溶钛铁矿,磁铁矿—钛铁矿计算矿物平衡氧逸度(-logfo2)为12.4~22.8,约为NNO+1,比正常MORB氧化程度高,指示岩浆结晶时具有较高的水逸度。其锆石εHf(t)值为11.0~19.8,显示亏损地幔源区特征。岩石地球化学分析显示其具有高的Al2O3(20.4%~22.4%)、Ti O2(1.0%~1.5%),低的Mg O(4.1%~5.5%)含量类似高铝玄武岩的特征。泽当角闪辉长岩可能由亏损地幔部分熔融形成的含水岩浆经过演化(分离结晶作用等)形成的低镁高铝类似高铝玄武岩的岩浆结晶形成。然而样品严重亏损轻稀土(LREE),与常见于岛弧区的高铝玄武岩不同,可能为蛇纹石化的洋壳或地幔橄榄岩在俯冲早期脱水使得地幔楔发生部分熔融导致。对泽当蛇绿岩中侵入岩及地幔橄榄岩进行更详细的调查研究将对揭示泽当蛇绿岩的形成环境构造背景提供更多的线索。     

青藏东缘马关地幔岩包体的岩石学与矿物学研究

对青藏东缘新生代马关地区高钾岩系中地幔岩包体的岩石学和矿物化学成分的研究表明:马关地幔岩包体属尖晶石相橄榄岩,岩石类型主要为尖晶石二辉橄榄岩,矿物组合为橄榄石(O l) 斜方辉石(O px) 单斜辉石(Cpx) 尖晶石(Sp l),含极少量金云母和角闪石。橄榄石以贵橄榄石为主,部分为镁橄榄石,其Fo值为89.72~90.47,M g#值为89.75~90.51;斜方辉石的En分子为88.00~89.59,M g#值为90.21~91.16,C r#值为3.31~6.23;单斜辉石主要为透辉石,少量为顽透辉石,成分上表现为高C a(wC aO=18.71%~20.78%)、高A l(wA l2O3=6.00%~7.30%)、高M g#值(89.93~91.57)和低C r#值(5.13~8.74);尖晶石为铬尖晶石,其w(C r2O3)为7.62%~12.88%。矿物化学成分指示:马关尖晶石二辉橄榄岩包体属A型包体,为低度熔融后的大陆地幔橄榄岩。温压估算表明,马关尖晶石相二辉橄榄岩包体的平衡温压分别为900℃~1 150℃和1.29 GPa~2.20 GPa(相当于地下深度45 km~71 km),其上地幔地温曲线与大洋地温曲线一致,显示马关地区岩石圈地幔具有很高的热流值,暗示青藏东缘及邻区于0~16 M a期间有热的软流圈地幔上涌,地幔上涌在构造上的响应即是青藏东缘乃至整个东亚地区区域性岩石圈的东-西向伸展。     

长江中下游典型火山盆地的水岩相互作用和金属矿床蚀变分带

长江中下游火山岩盆地中金属矿床和蚀变分带的的地球化学研究表明,它们具有内带深色蚀变带和外带浅色蚀变带,形成于600℃到100℃范围。两类蚀变带分界温度大致是300℃。大金属矿床蚀变分带剖面显示出热液系统存在有明显的温度梯度。通过与背景岩石(玄武岩石)对比研究表明,自下而上的不同蚀变岩石中主要元素含量显著变化,交代作用中的代出和代入元素在空间上是演化的。25~400℃和23MPa下矿物(钠长石、阳起石、透辉石、钙铁辉石)-H2O、岩石(玄武岩)-H2O反应的化学动力学实验表明,金属元素释放速率是温度的函数。在恒压升温过程中,从20℃到400℃,硅酸盐矿物、玄武岩中Si溶解速率不断上升;在300~350℃时,Si、Al溶解速率到最大数值。随后,温度再上升导致溶解速率下降。在300℃时,大部分矿物中Ca、Mg、Fe、Na溶解速率较高,溶液里的Ca/Si、Mg/Si、Fe/Si、Na/Si等都高于矿物中对应元素的计量比。矿物反应后的表面存在富集硅的淋失层,或有富硅铝矿物(粘土矿物)出现。在300℃时,Si溶解快于其他金属元素,溶液中金属元素与硅摩尔浓度比(Ca/Si、Mg/Si、Fe/Si、Na/Si)等都低于矿物中的计量比。矿物反应后的表面缺少硅的淋失层,或者有贫硅矿物和铁氧化物出现。作者还进行23~35MPa、20~550℃玄武岩与水反应实验。上述高温高压下矿物在水溶液中的溶解反应动力学实验和流体-玄武岩相互作用实验,对于理解金属矿床及蚀变分带形成机制提供新的依据。     

贺根山豆荚状铬铁矿中硅酸盐包体及其地质意义

贺根山豆荚状铬铁矿是典型的高Al型铬铁矿(Cr#=47.8～54.9,Mg#=64.1～73.7),其中的包体以硅酸盐矿物为主(包括橄榄石、斜方辉石、单斜辉石、韭闪石、钠长石).根据包体形状、矿物组合及分布特征可将其划分为三类.第一类包体呈孤立单矿物相,主要包括橄榄石和单斜辉石,第二类包体由平衡共生的单斜辉石和斜方辉石构成,上述两类包体均具有被熔蚀的边,且零星分布在尖晶石中,属于捕虏晶成因.第三类包体属于熔融包体,具有多边形外形,包含复杂的矿物相并密集分布于尖晶石核部.利用尖晶石颗粒内部保存完好的单斜辉石以及单斜辉石和斜方辉石包体估算的温度(1148～1254℃)与压力(490～1290 MPa)表明,贺根山豆荚状铬铁矿矿床的形成深度为16～43 km.熔融包体中含大量钠长石和韭闪石,指示铬铁矿母熔体富集H2 O、Na和Si.与铬铁矿平衡母熔体的Al2 O3含量(15.4％～16.3％)、TiO2含量(0.3％～0.9％)和FeO/MgO比值(0.6～1.1)与低Ti拉斑玄武质熔体的类似.利用尖晶石和橄榄石包体计算获得铬铁矿原始熔体的Mg O含量为～19.8％.贺根山豆荚状铬铁矿经历了深部预富集和浅部成矿两个阶段,其中浅部成矿作用涉及熔体与方辉橄榄岩反应以及演化的熔体与原始熔体混合等过程.     

碳质球粒陨石中富斜长石包体是液态凝聚形成的吗?

碳质球粒陨石中富斜长石包体有两种:(1)mm/cm级富Ca—Al包体(CAIs),具30～60Vol％钙长石和可达35％的Ti—Al辉石(Tpx)、黄长石(Mel),尖晶石(Sp)。(2)较小的CA球粒(<3mm),类似于普通球粒陨石的球粒,其中含较多的Na质斜长石、辉石。榄橄石和尖晶石。CAIs被正式命名为类型Ⅰ,把A型CAIs和B型CAIs之间具特殊化学和矿物成分的“过渡型”示为一独立的类型,命名为C型。C型CAIs具Ⅰ组成Ⅱ组的微量元素模式,28Al/27Al(初)比值低(5×10~(-6)),aK(Ca、Mg黄长石)35～55的典型黄长石,Tpx含2—12％的TiO_2,不透明颗粒小于10um。结构、结晶顺序和同心分带表明是由小的熔滴结晶而成。钙长石的结构变化,从粗板条状到细粒基质,反映成核作用后延增加。极少的CAIs具有低于液相线慢冷却的粗板条状钙长石,大多数是由完全熔融的物质快速冷却而来。C型的微量元素丰度受挥发份支配,这种熔体不是由行星(岩浆)作用形成的。蒸发残留和重熔固体凝聚也被排除,因为自然界产生的这种成分、实验产物和热力学计算的残留以及固体凝聚物与C型CAIs都不相同。C型CAIs的成分类似子在高太阳气压下或富尘埃的环境对液体凝聚计算的成分,少量由不完全熔融物质结晶的C型CAIs可能是被重新加热了的液体凝聚物或混合液体/固体凝聚物。     

法国紫苏花岗岩及片麻岩围岩的岩石学和地质温度

在法国比利牛斯阿格里(Agly)地块深变质片麻岩中产有海西期紫苏花岗岩.利用石榴石和黑云母之间的Fe—Mg分配(K_D)估计了它的热历史.虽然这些矿物有着下同的成因,但是在紫苏花岗岩和围岩片麻岩中它们有相类似的成分.在紫苏花岗岩中黑云母—石榴石矿物对是斜方辉石蚀变的退变产物.斜长石与斜方辉石的反应可写成:斜方辉石+斜长石+流体1(H_2O+A1+K+Fe+Ti)=黑云母+石榴石+石英+流体2(H_2O+Na).石榴石相对贫钙(4—2.5%钙铝榴石);在片麻岩中的石榴石是自形和环带状的,而在紫苏花岗岩中是变嵌晶状的;两种类型都显示有Fe、Mn增加,Mg降低的退化边缘(数百微米宽).黑云母八面体位置上的阳离子(Ti~(4+)+Fe~(2+)和(Mg~(2+)+Al_(VI)~(3+)之间显示有良好的相关关系.Ti和Fe增加,而Mg和Al_vI降低.在Fe~(2+)和Mg~(2+)之间,有一个反线性相关关系,     

Type C Ca, Al-rich inclusions from Allende: Evidence for multistage formation

The coarse-grained, igneous, anorthite-rich (Type C) CAIs from Allende studied (100, 160, 6-1-72, 3529-40, CG5, ABC, TS26, and 93) have diverse textures and mineralogies, suggesting complex nebular and asteroidal formation histories. CAIs 100, 160, 6-1-72, and 3529-40 consist of Al,Ti-diopside (fassaite; 13-23 wt% Al₂O₃, 2-14 wt% TiO₂), Na-bearing åkermanitic melilite (0.1-0.4 wt% Na₂O; Åk_30-75), spinel, and fine-grained (∼5-10 μm) anorthite groundmass. Most of the fassaite and melilite grains have “lacy” textures characterized by the presence of abundant rounded and prismatic inclusions of anorthite ∼5-10 μm in size. Lacy melilite is pseudomorphed to varying degrees by grossular, monticellite, and pure forsterite or wollastonite. CAI 6-1-72 contains a relict Type B CAI-like portion composed of polycrystalline gehlenitic melilite (Åk_10-40), fassaite, spinel, perovskite, and platinum-group element nuggets; the Type B-like material is overgrown by lacy melilite and fassaite. Some melilite and fassaite grains in CAIs 100 and 160 are texturally similar to those in the Type B portion of 6-1-72. CAIs ABC and TS26 contain relict chondrule fragments composed of forsteritic olivine and low-Ca pyroxene; CAI 93 is overgrown by a coarse-grained igneous rim of pigeonite, augite, and anorthitic plagioclase. These three CAIs contain very sodium-rich åkermanitic melilite (0.4-0.6 wt% Na₂O; Åk_63-74) and Cr-bearing Al,Ti-diopside (up to 1.6 wt% Cr₂O₃, 1-23 wt% Al₂O, 0.5-7 wt% TiO₂). Melilite and anorthite in the Allende Type C CAI peripheries are replaced by nepheline and sodalite, which are crosscut by andradite-bearing veins; spinel is enriched in FeO. The CAI fragment CG5 is texturally and mineralogically distinct from other Allende Type Cs. It is anorthite-poor and very rich in spinel poikilitically enclosed by Na-free gehlenitic melilite (Åk_20-30), fassaite, and anorthite; neither melilite nor pyroxene have lacy textures; secondary minerals are absent. The Al-rich chondrules 3655b-2 and 3510-7 contain aluminum-rich and ferromagnesian portions. The Al-rich portions consist of anorthitic plagioclase, Al-rich low-Ca pyroxene, and Cr-bearing spinel; the ferromagnesium portions consist of fosteritic olivine, low-Ca pyroxene, and opaque nodules.We conclude that Type C CAIs 100, 160, 6-1-72, and 3529-40 formed by melting of coarse-grained Type B-like CAIs which experienced either extensive replacement of melilite and spinel mainly by anorthite and diopside (traces of secondary Na-bearing minerals, e.g., nepheline or sodalite, might have formed as well), or addition of silica and sodium during the melting event. CG5 could have formed by melting of fine-grained spinel-melilite CAI with melilite and spinel partially replaced anorthite and diopside. CAIs ABC, 93, and TS-26 experienced melting in the chondrule-forming regions with addition of chondrule-like material, such as forsteritic olivine, low-Ca pyroxene, and high-Ca pyroxene. Anorthite-rich chondrules formed by melting of the Al-rich (Type C CAI-like) precursors mixed with ferromagnesian, Type I chondrule-like precursors. The Allende Type C CAIs and Al-rich chondrules experienced fluid-assisted thermal metamorphism, which resulted in pseudomorphic replacement of melilite and anorthite by grossular, monticellite, and forsterite (100, 160, 6-1-72, 3592-40) or by grossular, monticellite, and wollastonite (ABC, 93, TS-26). The pseudomorphic replacement was followed or accompanied by iron-alkali metasomatic alteration resulting in replacement of melilite and anorthite by nepheline and sodalite, enrichment of spinel in FeO, and precipitation of salite-hedenbergite pyroxenes, wollastonite, and andradite in fractures and pores in and around CAIs.     

Petrography and oxygen isotopic compositions in refractory inclusions from CO chondrites

Fine-grained Ca-Al-rich inclusions (FGIs) in Yamato-81020 (CO3.0) and Kainsaz (CO3.1-CO3.2) chondrites have been studied by secondary ion mass spectrometry. The FGIs from Yamato-81020 consist of aggregates of hibonite, spinel, melilite, anorthite, diopside and olivine grains with no petrographic evidence of alteration. In contrast, the FGIs from Kainsaz commonly contain alteration products such as nepheline. From replacement textures and chemical compositions of altered and unaltered FGIs, we conclude that the alteration products formed by decomposition of melilite and anorthite. All phases in the Yamato-81020 FGIs are enriched in ¹⁶O, with δ^{17, 18}O = ∼−40‰ except for one FGI that experienced melting. Oxygen isotopic compositions of melilite, anorthite, some spinel and diopside in Kainsaz FGIs changed from δ^{17, 18}O = ∼−40‰ toward 0‰ by aqueous alteration. Alteration products in FGIs are depleted in ¹⁶O relative to primary phases, with δ^{17, 18}O = ∼0‰. These results show that FGIs in CO chondrites commonly had ¹⁶O-rich compositions in the solar nebula. The original ¹⁶O-rich FGIs were modified to ¹⁶O-poor compositions during aqueous alteration in the parent body.     

鲁西下常庄中三叠世磁铁角闪岩的岩石地球化学和Sr-Nd同位素:对岩石成因和构造背景的制约

下常庄中三叠世(242Ma)磁铁角闪岩的岩相学、岩石地球化学和Sr-Nd同位素的研究结果表明,下常庄磁铁角闪岩主要由角闪石(40%~45%)、磁铁矿(35%~45%)和斜长石(10%~15%)及少量的单斜辉石(1%~3%)组成;具低的SiO_2(24.25%~38.40%)、K_2O(0.02%~1.09%)和Na_2O(0.16%~1.68%)含量,较高的MgO(6.86%~11.81%)、Fe_2O_3~T(21.69%~36.62%)和TiO_2(7.37%~13.46%)含量;轻稀土元素(LREE)相对富集、重稀土元素(HREE)相对亏损(∑LREE/∑HREE=7.09~8.97、(La/Yb)_N=10.67~16.62),无明显的Eu异常(δEu=0.83~1.01);富集大离子亲石元素(Rb、Ba、Sr),高场强元素(Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf)不亏损,具Pb和Ti的正异常;全岩~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr初始比值介于0.702 645~0.706 534之间,ε_(Nd)(t)值变化于-7.51~-12.59之间,T_(DM1)=2 374~2 413 Ma。上述结果暗示,下常庄磁铁角闪岩的原岩可能为角闪辉长岩,起源于受下地壳物质混染的华北地块富集岩石圈地幔的部分熔融。下常庄中三叠世磁铁角闪岩原岩的形成时代与大别—苏鲁高压-超高压变质的峰期时间一致,暗示它们可能形成于中生代早期洋壳俯冲-消减向陆-陆碰撞造山转换的构造背景。     

Mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of hydrothermal alteration of basalt in the Kuroko mine area, Japan: implications for the evolution of a Back Arc Basin hydrothermal system

Basalt in the Furutobe District of the Kuroko mine area in Japan is characterized by abundant chlorite and epidote. Fluid inclusion studies indicate that chlorite is formed at lower temperatures (230–250°C) than epidote (250–280°C). The seawater/basalt mass ratio for the early chlorite-rich alteration was high (max. 40), but that for the later alteration was low (0.1–1.8). The CaO, Na₂O and SiO₂ of the bulk rock correlate negatively with MgO, while FeO and Σ Fe correlate positively with MgO. These changes in the characteristic features of hydrothermal alteration from early to late are generally similar to those for a mid-ocean ridge geothermal system accompanying basalt alteration.The MgO/FeO ratios of chlorite and actinolite and the Fe₂O₃ concentration of epidote from the basalt are greater than those of mid-ocean ridge basalt probably owing to the differences in the Fe₂O₃/FeO and MgO/FeO ratios of the parent rocks. The lower CaO concentration and the higher Na₂O concentration of the bulk rock compared with altered mid-ocean ridge basalt can be interpreted in terms of the difference in original bulk rock compositions.The Furutobe basalt, as well as other submarine back arc basalts, contains more vesicles filled with hydrothermal minerals (epidote, calcite, quartz, chlorite, pyrite) than do the mid-ocean ridge basalts. The abundance of vesicles plays an important role in controlling the secondary mineralogy and geochemistry of hydrothermally altered submarine back arc basin basalts.     

大兴安岭北部额尔古纳地区塔木兰沟组火山岩岩石地球化学特征及成因

额尔古纳地区塔木兰沟组火山岩的岩石地球化学成分显示其以粗安岩为主,少量安山岩和玄武安山岩。该组火山岩SiO_2含量为53.47%~58.50%,全碱含量为[w(K_2O+Na_2O)]4.27%~7.68%,w(MgO)=1.76%~4.03%,Mg~#=0.34~0.51;微量元素分析表明,稀土元素配分模式呈轻稀土富集右倾型,轻重稀土元素分馏较强[(La/Yb)_N=16.35~33.73],富集Rb、Ba、K、Sr等大离子亲石元素(LILE),亏损Nb、Ta等高场强元素(HFSE),Eu负异常不明显(δEu=0.89~0.92)。地球化学等特征表明塔木兰沟组火山岩未经受明显的地壳物质混染,岩浆来源于俯冲流体交代形成的富集岩石圈地幔,经历了以分离结晶作用为主导的演化过程。综合研究认为,额尔古纳地区塔木兰沟组火山岩形成于岩石圈伸展构造环境,与蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋闭合后的后造山伸展体制有关。     

黑龙江黄松群的地球化学特征及形成环境分析

对佳木斯—兴凯地块西南缘的黄松群进行其物源区特点、古风化条件和构造背景等分析结果显示,该套变质碎屑岩源岩为泥砂质沉积岩,源区母岩以中酸性火成岩为主。风化作用相关指数CIA、CIW及PIA,由杨木组到阎王殿组逐渐增高,而ICV值则呈递减趋势,体现了风化作用由弱到强,成分成熟度逐渐升高的特点。主量元素特征值SiO_2=69.95%、TiO_2=0.58%、TFe_2O_3+MgO=5.34%、Al_2O_3/SiO_2=0.21,微量元素特征值La=37.54×10~(-6)、Ce=72.83×10~(-6)、δEu=0.60、ΣREE=182.29×10~(-6)。REE配分模式与活动大陆边缘碎屑沉积物类似,并且在不同构造环境判别图解中,绝大多数样品投影点落入活动大陆边缘区。地球化学特征表明,黄松群碎屑岩可能沉积于活动大陆边缘环境。     

内蒙古乌拉特中旗准噶顺花岗闪长岩中锆石U-Pb年代学与岩石地球化学

内蒙古准噶顺花岗闪长岩中锆石均呈自形-半自形,具有均匀的震荡生长环带和较高的Th/U比值(0.67~1.26),显示其岩浆成因特征。LA--ICP--MS锆石U--Pb定年结果表明,其206Pb/238U加权平均年龄为(433±2)Ma(早志留纪),该年龄代表了花岗闪长岩的结晶年龄。岩体地球化学分析结果SiO2为62.74%~64.50%,高CaO(4.47%~6.44%),高Al_2O_3(16.51%~17.22%),低K_2O(1.51%~2.02%),Na_2O(2.21%~3.54%),属于钙碱性系列,岩石富集大离子亲石元素(如K、Rb、Ba、Sr),亏损高场强元素(如Nb、Ta、Hf、Zr、Ti),稀土配分曲线右倾。低Mg~#值(Mg~#=39~4345),低的相容元素含量(Cr、Ni含量分别为3.12×10~(-6)~24.6×10~(-6)、5.57×10~(-6)~11.6×10~(-6)),显示出壳源特点。综合区域同时代火成岩的研究成果,认为准噶顺花岗闪长岩形成于古亚洲洋俯冲消减的岛弧环境中。     

内蒙古敖汉旗晚侏罗世满克头鄂博组火山岩地球化学特征及构造背景分析

内蒙古敖汉旗满克头鄂博组火山岩是一套酸性火山熔岩及火山碎屑岩。主量元素分析显示Si O2为69.76%~76.04%,K2O为4.48%~6.78%,Na2O+K2O为7.63%~9.44%,表明满克头鄂博组流纹岩具有高钾钙碱性岩石的特征。LREE/HREEE为10.46~15.87,稀土配分曲线呈轻稀土富集的右倾模式,δEu值为0.10~0.51,负异常明显;富集大离子亲石元素Rb、Th、U、K、Pb,贫Ba、Sr;亏损高场强元素P、Nb、Ta、Ti。说明满克头鄂博组火山岩属低Ba—Sr酸性火山岩,是下地壳基性火山岩部分熔融,并发生了斜长石、角闪石源区残留或分异结晶而形成的。满克头鄂博组火山岩具有A型花岗岩特征,其形成的动力学机制为蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋闭合造山后的岩石圈伸展环境。     

山西省中条山铜矿田电气石与电气石岩的研究

本文通过对中条山铜矿田电气石和电气石岩地质产状、岩相学和矿物学、矿物化学等特征的研究，指出本区有三种成因类型的电气石：（１）北峪酸性侵入体岩浆期后热液成因电气石；（２）中条群地层中变质热液形成的电气石；（３）赋矿岩石和近矿围岩中热液蚀变电气石。第（３）类电气石具有特征的产状、矿物化学和矿物共生组合标型，是重要的找矿标志     

Unusually abundant refractory inclusions from Sahara 97159 (EH3): a comparative study with other groups of chondrites

Sixty-eight refractory inclusions and fragments were found in two polished thin sections of the Sahara 97159 EH3 chondrite, indicative of the highest abundance of refractory inclusions (22/cm², or 0.06 vol.%) in enstatite chondrites studied to date. All of the inclusions are intensely altered, mainly producing feldspathoids and albite, CaO depletion and minor Ti-rich compounds, such as Ti-sulfides. The alteration assemblages and FeO-poor spinel suggest that the reactions took place under reducing and SiO₂-rich conditions. This is consistent with the redox state of the host enstatite chondrite. The presence of Ti sulfides and low FeO alteration phases distinguishes alteration of E chondrite refractory inclusions from that of carbonaceous and ordinary chondrites.Most of the inclusions are referred to as Type A-like (35) and spinel-rich (26), respectively. Assuming melilite has been altered, these inclusions could be analogues of individual concentrically zoned objects of fluffy melilite-spinel-rich (Type A) and spinel-pyroxene-rich inclusions from carbonaceous chondrites such as the Ningqiang (CV anomalous) and Y 81020 (CO3) chondrites. Two inclusions consist mainly of Ca-pyroxene, fine-grained alteration products (feldspathoids and albite) and spinel. They are probably altered fragments of Ca-pyroxene-plagioclase-rich (Type C) inclusions, assuming all plagioclase has been altered to produce the fine-grained groundmass. Five other inclusions are hibonite and/or corundum bearing, similar to those reported in carbonaceous chondrites. Abundance ratios of various types of the inclusions from Sahara 97159 are similar to those from Ningqiang and Y 81020.Most of the observations, including mineral assemblages, mineral chemistry, texture, bulk compositions, O isotopic compositions and REE patterns, of the Sahara inclusions suggest a common reservoir of refractory inclusions in enstatite, ordinary and carbonaceous chondrites. The apparent differences, such as absence of melilite and anorthite, rare Wark-Lovering rim and small size, can be explained by intense alteration due to large change of postformation environment of these inclusions, size sorting and collision during transfer. Hence, these differences are not inconsistent with the common reservoir model. Refractory inclusions in non-carbonaceous chondrites may put additional constraints on origins of refractory inclusions, and provide hints for a spatial relationship of their host meteorites.