东秦岭大别山段斑岩型钼(钨、铜)矿床地质特征

东秦岭大别山段矿化中酸性小岩体集中分布在东秦岭钼(钨、铜)矿带东段,呈带状沿深大断裂两侧分布,受构造控制明显.已发现主要钼矿床属斑岩型,成因多与中生代中酸性花岗质斑岩有关.根据斑岩型钼(钨、铜)矿床地质特征,通过控岩控矿构造、围岩蚀变、矿体特征、矿石物质组份及其成矿机制等方面的研究,把东秦岭大别山段斑岩钼(鸽、铜)矿划分为浅成-超浅成斑岩钼(铜)矿床,中-深成斑岩-夕卡岩钼(钨、铜)矿床两种类型.     

河南西部斑岩型钼矿地质特征

小秦岭地区是著名的多金属成矿区,其形成与酸性浅成—超浅成花岗斑岩体有关,钼矿床直接产于岩体内外接触带及其附近,有的斑岩体即为钼矿体;通过对斑岩的性质分析,阐述了含钼斑岩的成因、形成环境、构造机制及其与钼矿床的成因关系.     

大别山地区矿化中酸性小岩体地球化学特征

自20世纪五十年代发现河南滦川钼（钨）矿床以来,经几十年勘查研究和对区域水系沉积物测量资料的综合分析,各构造单元元素丰度、富集系数和富集分布特征表明,本区富集元素为Mo,W,Au,Ag,Pb,Cu,Bi,尤其是Mo,W是区内重要的成矿元素。位于华北板块南缘的东秦岭-大别山钼（钨）矿带,是我国重要的钼（钨）矿带之一,钼矿床主要属斑岩型,其次为矽卡岩型、脉型,其成因多与中生代花岗质斑岩有关。本文着重对大别山地区矿化中酸性小岩体的地球化学特征进行总结和论述,以期为该区普查找矿起到借鉴作用。     

江苏镇江谏壁岩体特征与钼(钨)矿床类型

谏壁钼(钨)矿床是产于下扬子地台中的一类斑岩型矿床。在大陆边缘活动带中，陆壳碰撞、俯冲，形成了壳幔混源型中酸性、钙碱性杂岩体，为中—浅成相。岩石的演化、分异于岩浆的晚期产生了各类中酸性斑岩脉体，沿主岩体的碎裂岩化带产出。区内成矿物质主要来源于岩浆，可能有部分的围岩有益组分的加入。成矿温度、压力为中—低温和低压。矿化作用主要为热液充填作用，与石英脉带紧密相关。矿石类型为细脉状、网脉状、细脉浸染状等。矿体围岩蚀变不具有“环带模式”。因此，矿床属斑岩—石英脉型热液充填—交代钼(钨)矿床。与斑岩型(铜)矿床相比仍有一定的差异，而与钨、钼一类矿床相近。     

大别山地区矿化中酸性小岩体地球化学特征

自20世纪50年代河南滦川钼(钨)矿床的发现,经几十年勘查研究和对区域水沉积物测量的资料分析,各构造单元元素丰度、富集系数和富集分布特征表明,区内富集元素为Mo、W、Au、Ag、Pb、Cu、Bi,尤其是Mo、W是区内重要的成矿元素处于中朝板块南缘的东秦岭—大别山钼(钨)矿带,是我国重要的钼(钨)矿带之一。研究表明,主要钼矿床属斑岩型,其次为矽卡岩型、脉型。成因多与中生代花岗质斑岩有关。文章着重对大别地区矿化中酸性小岩体地球化学特征进行讨论,以期为在该区普查找矿起到借鉴作用。     

云南马厂箐斑岩型铜钼(金）矿床地质特征与矿床成因

滇西马厂箐铜钼(金)矿床是与喜马拉雅期富碱侵入岩体有成因联系的内生金属矿床.铜钼金成矿与马厂箐岩体空间上紧密相伴,时间上相近或稍晚.蚀变矿化和元素组合具有明显地分带性:岩体内发育斑岩型铜钼矿化,岩体与围岩接触带产出接触交代型铜钼(金)矿化,围岩地层中则产出浅成低温热液型金、银、铅锌矿化.铜钼矿化主要发育在石英钾长石绢云母化蚀变带中.这些不同成矿作用在时空上紧密共生,在矿化类型、蚀变类型和元素组合分布上连续递变,清晰地展现出成矿流体从岩浆中分凝出来并在向外运移的路径上淀积金属的图像.同位素地球化学研究表明,喜马拉雅期富碱侵入岩提供了成矿物质和成矿流体,铜钼金成矿属于同一个构造-岩浆-成矿系统在不同物理化学条件下的产物.受富碱侵入伴驱动,成矿作用由斑岩体内部向接触带和围岩地层推进,矿化类型、围岩蚀变和元素组合反映出成矿流体系统由高温向低温的演化趋势.     

秘鲁中部超大型特罗莫克斑岩-矽卡岩铜钼矿地质特征及区域成矿作用

秘鲁中部莫罗科查地区在板块俯冲引发的中新世构造-岩浆-热液作用下,形成了斑岩型、矽卡岩型、浅成低温热液型等多种铜钼铅锌银多金属矿化.文章选取该地区超大型特罗莫克铜钼矿床为典型矿床实例,通过岩石学、岩相学和年代学系统研究,深入剖析矿床的蚀变类型和矿化地质特征,并结合区域岩浆-热液作用过程,总结其区域成矿特点,以期为该区资源勘查工作提供参考.研究结果表明,作为典型的斑岩-矽卡岩型矿床,特罗莫克铜钼矿的成矿期花岗闪长岩、长石斑岩、石英斑岩及英安斑岩等多期岩体在9.4～7.3 Ma之间相继侵位,并伴随形成多种蚀变矿化,其中铜钼矿化主要形成于8.0～7.8 Ma.矿区主要发育钾硅酸盐化、绢英岩化、绿泥石化、黏土化、矽卡岩化、角岩化等典型的斑岩矿床蚀变特征,而矽卡岩中发育透闪石-阳起石、蛇纹石-滑石等多种钙质和镁质矽卡岩矿物.铜钼矿化以浸染状、细脉状、网脉状、块状等形式产出,且矿化自中心向外围,依次具有铜-钼→铅-锌→铅-银的元素分带.结合莫罗科查区域主要发育的3个持续了3.5～0.3 Ma的中新世岩浆热液中心(北侧Codiciada杂岩体、中部Toromocho岩体和西部Ticlio斑岩),以及与之相关的蚀变和矿化特征,笔者认为,围绕岩浆热液中心,区域成矿呈现中心斑岩-矽卡岩型、外围浅成低温热液脉型多金属矿化的分布规律,矿化整体呈现自中心向外围的铜—铜锌—铅锌银规律性分带特征,该类"多中心式"斑岩-矽卡岩成矿系统的蚀变-矿化规律应在未来区域矿产勘查工作中引起重视.     

东秦岭南泥湖钼（钨）矿床和秋树湾铜（钼）矿床成岩成矿特征对比研究

东秦岭钼矿带内的南泥湖钼（钨）矿床和秋树湾铜（钼）矿床同为斑岩型矿床,地理位置相近,却在成矿类型和规模上差异显著。通过对两个矿床的矿床地质特征、成矿斑岩体的地球化学特征、成矿时代及其成矿物质来源（S同位素、流体包裹体和Re含量）进行对比分析,确定南泥湖钼（钨）矿床和秋树湾铜（钼）矿床类型均为壳幔混源型,后者成岩成矿过程有更多的幔源物质参与,并且两个矿床同时形成于秦岭造山带中生代燕山期伸展减薄的机制下,但所处构造单元（华北陆块南缘和北秦岭）不同,以上这些都导致了成矿的差异性,并为日后在东秦岭钼矿带中钼铜两类矿床的找矿工作提供参考。     

滇西德钦羊拉地区斑岩及其成矿作用初步研究

对羊拉铜成矿富集区新发现的斑岩体的地质地球化学特征及其相关我铜多金属矿化进行了研究,认为斑岩形成于同碰撞造山期,属成矿斑岩。与斑岩有关的矿化带从岩体向外可分为蚀变斑岩带、隐爆角砾岩带和脉状矿化带,且矿化逐渐增强。各带的矿物、蚀变及成矿元素组合特点反映成矿物质主要来源于斑岩,成矿类型为斑岩型,成矿时代属于燕山早期。     

福建省上杭县罗卜岭斑岩铜钼矿床构造控矿规律研究

罗卜岭铜(钼)矿区位于紫金山矿田的东北部,是与晚中生代花岗闪长斑岩体有关的隐伏斑岩型铜钼矿床;主要斑岩矿体产于绿泥石化-绢英岩化和(弱)钾化-绢英岩化带中,矿石矿物组合为黄铜矿+辉钼矿;少量过渡类型矿体产于高级泥化带中,矿石矿物组合为蓝辉铜矿+铜蓝+辉钼矿。罗卜岭矿区地表露头含矿裂隙的统计结果显示,罗卜岭成矿晚期的含矿裂隙具有明显的方向性。远离斑岩体的含矿裂隙与其附近的区域构造方位或侵入体走向相近,表明受到北东向区域构造活动控制;而斑岩体西侧露头附近的含矿裂隙呈放射状,主要受到斑岩体侵入作用的影响。深部隐伏矿体则受到区域断裂和花岗闪长(斑)岩侵入体的共同控制,具体表现为:垂向上,以隐伏似斑状花岗闪长岩为中心,由深至浅,矿体铜钼品位比值依次变大,显示了Mo\Cu-Mo\Cu(Mo)的元素垂向分带;平面上,铜、钼元素沿着北东向、北西向断裂和岩体接触带附近有明显富集;斑岩型铜钼矿体主要产于似斑状花岗闪长岩外接触带的花岗闪长斑岩中,形态和产状受到区域北东向断裂或岩体接触带构造影响;蓝辉铜矿体主要产于罗卜岭花岗闪长斑岩外接触带的花岗闪长岩体内,形态和产状受接触带控制。区域构造和斑岩侵入体对斑岩型铜钼矿化有不同的影响,浅部铜、钼矿化受区域断裂构造控制作用明显,而深部矿体主要受花岗闪长(斑)岩体和断裂构造共同控制。区域上北东向背斜构造和北东、北西向断裂构造控制了花岗闪长质侵入岩体的侵位,矿区尺度的断裂构造对斑岩体的就位和成矿作用有一定的影响,罗卜岭花岗闪长斑岩体及其接触带则直接控制了斑岩型矿体的产出,这一规律对紫金山矿田深部和外围隐伏斑岩型矿体的勘查工作具有重要的参考意义。     

大别山燕山期中酸性小岩体钼成矿模型

大别山北麓钼(钨)矿带上的钼矿化,成因多与集中分布的中生代中酸性小岩体(花岗质斑岩)有关.信阳～汤家坪一带已知燕山期中酸性小花岗(斑)岩体40余处,且多具钼矿化,历经数年地质工作,已探明中型以上的钼矿床7处.该区内斑岩型钼矿床地质特征不尽相同,但成矿时代、围岩蚀变、岩体与矿化空间上的联系,都有一般斑岩钼矿床的共同特点.总结该区成矿酸性小岩体地质特征,成矿作用、成因、地球化学特征及成矿规律的研究成果,可为该区找矿提供借鉴作用.     

福建紫金山矿田火成岩系列与浅成低温热液—斑岩铜金银成矿系统

紫金山矿田内, 自地表往深部, 发育早白垩世中酸性火山岩、次火山英安斑岩、浅成相花岗闪长斑岩、中深成相花岗闪长岩, 构成中酸性火山-侵入岩系列。围绕着紫金山火山机构发育强烈的蚀变矿化, 形成高硫型浅成低温热液铜金矿、低硫型浅成低温热液银金矿和斑岩型铜(钼)矿床。矿田内各类铜金银矿床存在着密切的时空及物源联系, 它们在时间、空间上连续演化, 都是同源含矿中酸性岩浆在同一成矿背景之下于不同演化阶段的产物。含矿热液的物化性质及时空迁移决定了它们在不同地质部位产出不同的矿床类型, 构成与中酸性次火山-斑岩有关的浅成低温-斑岩铜金银矿成矿系统。      

新疆谢米斯台地区斑岩型铜矿化的发现及其意义

继在新疆谢米斯台地区玄武岩中发现自然铜矿化后,在谢米斯台地区中-酸性次火山岩中发现具有一定规模的斑岩型铜矿化。原生硫化物主要为黄铜矿、黄铁矿和斑铜矿。斑岩型铜矿化主要发育于蚀变的英安斑岩、流纹斑岩和安山玢岩中,矿化岩石中发育强烈的绿帘石化、绿泥石化、碳酸盐化、硅化,局部发育泥化。区内斑岩型铜矿化的发现,表明新疆谢米斯台地区存在两种类型铜矿化,有望取得铜矿找矿新突破。矿化次火山岩及其下部的浅成侵入体可能是区内斑岩型铜矿床找矿评价的重要目标。     

北岔沟门中生代岩浆侵入作用成矿系统

采用颗粒锆石U Pb同位素年代学研究方法 (TIMS)阐明河北省北部北岔沟门地区极具特色的中生代浅成侵入岩组合的形成时代及其成矿意义。研究表明 ,北岔沟门一带发育了包括闪长玢岩、石英二长斑岩、角闪黑云二长岩和花岗闪长斑岩等在内的具浅成岩浆侵入作用特征的侵入岩共生组合 ,其中石英二长斑岩、角闪黑云二长岩、花岗闪长斑岩的TIMS锆石U Pb同位素年龄分别为 14 7.6± 1.6Ma、14 6 .2± 1.4Ma和 14 6 .2± 3.9Ma,代表了浅成侵入岩的侵位成岩时代 ,该侵入岩石组合与北岔沟门含金银多金属矿床的形成具有密切的时、空及成因联系 ,构成了华北陆块北缘地区中生代典型的浅成岩浆侵入作用成矿系统。     

Copper-Polymetal Metallogenic Series and Prospecting Perspective of Eastern Section of Gangdise

Geological, geophysical, geochemical and remote sensing comprehensive studies show that big ore-prospecting potentiality is contained in the eastern section of the Gangdise Mountains, Tibet.There are various mineralization types with dominant types of porphyry and exhalation. According to their relations with tectonic evolution, they are divided into four kinds of metallogenic series as follows:magnmtic type (Cr, Pt, Cu, Ni) and exhalation type (Cu, Pb, Zn, Ag) ore deposit series related to Neo-Tethys oceanic crust subduction action (125-96 Ma); epithermai type (Au, Ag, Pb, Zn, Sb), altered fractured rock type (Cu, Mo) and skarn rock type (Cu) ore deposit series related to arc-continental collision; porphyry type (Cu, Mo), cryptoexplosion breccia type (Cu, Au, Pb, Zn), shear zone type (Au, Ag, Sb) and skarn rock type (Cu, Fe) ore deposit series with relation to post-orogenic extensional strike-slip. From subductive complex to the north, zoning appears to be crystallization differentiation type (segregation type)-shear zone type (altered rock type)-skarn rock type, epithermai type-porphyry type-porphyry type and exhalation type-exhalation type-hydrothermai filling-replacement type.The ore deposit is characterized by multi-places from the same source, parity and multi-stage, hypabyssal rock from the deep source and poly genetic compound as a whole.     

Geological Setting and Origin of Mo–W–Cu Deposits in the Honggor–Shamai District,Inner Mongolia,North China

Twenty‐one Mo–W–Cu deposits and prospects have been discovered in the Honggor–Shamai district, Inner Mongolia, north China during past 5 years. This district is located in the central and western parts of the Chagan Obo–Aoyoute–Chaobulen tectono‐magmatic belt, which is part of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt. The Mo–W–Cu deposits in the district are associated with Mesozoic granitoid intrusions and occur as veins, stockwork, and dissemination. The geological features of these newly discovered deposits are similar to porphyry‐type deposits worldwide. Two mineralization events have been identified: Indosinian (235–224 Ma) and Yanshanian (137–131 Ma). It is proposed that these deposits and prospects in the Honggor–Shamai district were related to the post‐collisional extension linked to the Indosinian orogeny during the Middle–Late Triassic period, but some of those deposits were overprinted by mineralization associated with the Cretaceous magmatic‐hydrothermal (Yanshanian) event.     

小兴安岭东南段重要铅锌多金属、钼矿床的成矿年龄

小兴安岭成矿带东南段是我国东北地区重要的铅锌多金属矿化、钼矿化集中区之一,成矿作用与区内花岗质岩浆侵入作用密切相关,铅锌多金属矿床成因类型为夕卡岩型,钼矿床成因类型为斑岩型.对区内典型矿床进行锆石精确测年研究结果表明,铅锌多金属矿床成矿年龄集中在175.8~209 Ma,鹿鸣钼矿床成矿年龄为176±4 Ma.认为铅锌多金属矿的（主）成矿期为印支晚期-燕山早期,钼矿成矿期为燕山早期.     

Ages and geodynamic settings of Xilamulun Mo–Cu metallogenic belt in the northern part of the North China Craton

The Xilamulun belt along the northern part of the North China Craton is located in eastern segment of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt and has great economic potential for Mo–Cu mineralization. More than ten medium to large ore deposits have been discovered in this region in the recent years. The major types of mineralization type include porphyry (Chehugou Mo–Cu, Kulitou Mo–Cu, Xiaodonggou Mo and Jiguanshan Mo), quartz vein (Nianzigou Mo, Xinjing Mo), epithermal (Hongshanzi Mo–U) and alteration assemblage (Liulingou Mo). The timing of mineralization was previously thought to be Yanshanian (208–290 Ma), however, Indosinian (260–208 Ma) ages for intrusions and mineralization have been recognized in recent years. Based on geochronologic data and regional geological evidence, it is suggested that the mineralization in the Xilamulun belt was formed during multiple events. The mineralization processes are related to a post-collisional extension stage (~ 258–210 Ma) with the generation of the porphyry molybdenum–copper deposit, a tectonic stress transformation from NS to EW (~ 185–150 Ma) that gave rise to vein or porphyry molybdenum deposit, and a lithospheric thinning stage (~ 140–110 Ma) with porphyry molybdenum deposit.     

Geochronology and tectonic setting of Pb–Zn–Mo deposits and related igneous rocks in the Yinshan region, Jinzhai, Anhui province, China

The Gaijing Pb–Zn–Mo deposit and Shapinggou Mo deposit in the Yinshan region, Jinzhai, Anhui province, China, are hosted in various granitic intrusions with ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar ages obtained for biotite and hornblende of 136.8 ± 1.6 Ma (medium-grained monzogranite), 130.4 ± 1.2 Ma (fine-grained granite), and 125.4 ± 1.0 Ma (fine-grained diorite). The modes of occurrence and cross-cutting relationships among the igneous intrusions indicate that alkali quartz-syenite and quartz-syenite porphyry (cryptoexplosive breccia) formed later than the calc-alkali monzogranite, granite, and diorite. Molybdenum mineralization occurs in pipe-like bodies hosted in cryptoexplosive breccia (pipe), quartz-syenite (porphyry), monzogranite, and granite, whereas Pb–Zn mineralization occurs in veins distally from the Mo mineralization. The Re–Os isotopic model ages of molybdenite from the Gaijing Pb–Zn–Mo deposit are 112.6 ± 1.3 and 113.5 ± 1.3 Ma, consistent with the ages of other molybdenum deposits throughout the East Qinling–Dabie metallogenic belt. The geological characteristics and isotopic ages of the Gaijing Pb–Zn–Mo and Shapinggou Mo deposits indicate a genetic relationship to the emplacement of the quartz-syenite (porphyry) and to shallow-seated porphyry–cryptoexplosive breccia intrusions. The present results, combined with existing data, suggest that the Pb–Zn–Mo deposits and related igneous rocks were formed in a geodynamic setting of regional lithospheric thinning, delamination, and thermal erosion in East China. The deposits are part of the East Qinling–Dabie molybdenum belt, which in turn is part of a large-scale E–W-trending metallogenic belt in East China.