Determination of tidal torques independently of densities

Summary The components of the tidal torques along the axes of the inertia ellipsoid of a perfectly elastic Earth have been derived quite independently of the density distribution of masses within the Earth. It has been demonstrated that not only the sectorial, but also the tesseral terms in the tidal forming potential are responsible for the tidal deceleration of the Earth's rotation.

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am ¶rt; mau ma nuu u m u a um unu¶rt;a uuu u¶rt;a n u, auu m ¶rt;a an¶rt;uu nmm a. aa, m nuu a¶rt;u au u a m muau, u mau nuuu au nuua nmua.

     

On the possibility of utilizing grid reports in a local model of short-range forecast of meteorological elements

Summary In the experiment described, we test the possibility of utilizing forecasts of the pressure field, contained in GRID reports, to solve the problem of horizontal boundary conditions of a local model of short-range forecast of meteorological elements. We prove that the assumption of a linear tendency of the prognostic variables in the boundary region yields good results, using the Perkey-Kreitzberg method[1], even if applied to period T=24 hrs. In the Perkey-Kreitzberg method the effect of the horizontal diffusion in the boundary region is suppressed[2]. However, considering the diffusive term apart from the procedure of the method mentioned proves detrimental to the forecast.

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nua num n m unau n n ¶rt;au, ¶rt;au ¶rt; ¶rt; u numaau u a ¶rt;u am na muu m. aam, m n¶rt;nu u m¶rt;uu nmuu n au amu nu unauu m¶rt;a u- [1] ¶rt;am u mam ¶rt;a nu nuuu nu¶rt; T=24 a. m¶rt; u- nu¶rt;um n¶rt;au uuuma ¶rt;uuu au amu[2]. ama ¶rt;u a n¶rt; nu¶rt; m¶rt;a nu¶rt;um, ¶rt;a, ¶rt;u n.

     

Deuteron whistlers in the outer ionosphere

Summary Upgoing and downgoing deuteron whistlers were found on VLF records made by Interkosmos 5, 14 and 19 satellites even at heights below 1000 km. To account for them, a slight admixture ofD ⁺ ions has been introduced into the ionospheric plasma model with the usual content of only three ion speciesH ⁺,He ⁺ andO ⁺. Relations derived for the calculation of characteristic frequencies in a five-component plasma (e,H ⁺,D ⁺,He ⁺,O ⁺) are given as well as the values of characteristic frequencies calculated on this basis. The observed features of upgoing and downgoing deuteron whistlers could be explained by the calculation results, and it is also possible to formulate some conclusions for the purposes of plasma diagnostics.

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mu um, anmau a ma u u, u a a nmua m 5, 14 u 19 a ma ¶rt;a 1000 . u u a ¶rt;a ¶rt; u na ¶rt;au uH ⁺,He ⁺,O ⁺ aa nuD ⁺ u. m mm ua nma ¶rt;a ¶rt; aamumuu amm ¶rt;a ¶rt;u na. uu aamumuu amm nuu um a¶rt;a mu ¶rt;mu um. a m ¶rt; unam aamumuu ¶rt;mu um ¶rt; u¶rt;au naam na.

     

Numerical modelling of time-harmonic seismic wave fields in simple structures by the gaussian beam method. part I

m¶rt;au n unm ¶rt; u ¶rt;uau uu n m nm ¶rt; ¶rt;. a uau ¶rt;m a ma m nau a¶rt;a, amu aa mu. au mu uu naam, m m¶rt;au n ¶rt;am ¶rt;mam m mam ¶rt;a u amu aa mu (. u. 9). aumu amu, uauau n ma nam ¶rt;a . ¶rt; amu m am ¶rt;m ¶rt;am mumm mam a naama am, an. aa uuau n, naama uauau n, um¶rt;.     

Changes in the reflectivity of the midlatitude ionosphere with respect to the ULF (Pc1) signal

Summary The method of numerical modelling of ionospheric filtration of the Fourier components of a signal from the frequency range of Pc1 micropulsations is employed in the spectral analysis (frequency f, angle of incidence ) of the relative characteristic of the amplitude and energy reflectivity of the ionospheric layer with respect to ordinary Alfvén modes incident in the meridional plane. The results are presented for four different models characterizing the midlatitude day- and night-time ionosphere under low and high solar activity. The results indicate the specificity of filtration of ordinary Alfvén waves. It is proved that the lower region of the modelled ionosphere, as part of the midlatitude ionospheric wave guide (in particular the F2 layer), behaves like an Alfvén resonator in the given spectral range.

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m¶rt; u ¶rt;uau u umauu -mau uaa u amm ¶rt;uanaa unau 1 n¶rtum nma aau (amma f, a¶rt;u ) mum anum¶rt; u mu maamu u ¶rt; ¶rt; a, a¶rt;au a u u¶rt;ua nmu. mam n¶rt;aam ¶rt; m a ¶rt; ¶rt;um m ¶rt; u u nu u u nu amumu. aam nuum umauu a. naa, m ua am ¶rt;ua u (a am F2-u ¶rt;um ¶rt;a) ¶rt;m nma ¶rt;uana a am a.

     

Remarks on seismic energy release related to strike slip and tensile crack mechanisms

¶rt;u u uu uuu ¶rt; n¶rt; ¶rt;au m ¶rt;u uu m n¶rt;uu u numuu m¶rt;. mam n¶rt; aamumuu anamu u ; n¶rt; mu aaa amu ¶rt;u n¶rt;uu nmu aua ¶rt;u u uu a mu m muna.     

Periodicity in the changes of the direction of the geomagnetic field

a au ¶rt;a a¶rt;u naam, m m uu anau n m aum u m u. aam u¶rt;a nuuu u u au am nmu m au. ¶rt;m nu¶rt;umu, m m m a mu u. n¶rt;mauau auumu aama u¶rt;a u um ¶rt; um aamu.     

Linear stability of a non-constantly stratified horizontal layer penetrated by an azimuthal magnetic field

Summary The convection in a rapidly rotating, electrically conducting, horizontal fluid layer, non-constantly stratified and penetrated by an inhomogeneous magnetic field, is studied. The convection is investigated for various ratios of the thickness of the stable and unstable stratified part of the layer. The thermal model of the layer, as well as the analysis of the results have been treated with regard to the physical conditions in the liquid core of the Earth.

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am u¶rt;m u m aa mn¶rt; u¶rt;uma nm mamuuau, nua ¶rt;¶rt; aum n. u u¶rt;m ¶rt; a mu m u mu u mu mamuuuao amu . ua ¶rt; , a u aau mam, n¶rt;a anm uuu u u¶rt; ¶rt; u.

     

High heat flow measured in Ostrava-Karviná coal basin

aamuam mam uu mn nma ma-au a. a¶rt; uua¶rt;uma mnam, uuma mnn¶rt;mu u mn nma m ¶rt;uamau au uu uma, n¶rt; m n¶rt; mn nm nu¶rt; a. 2. a u au Q=1,99 u 2,06×10^–6 /² am ¶rt;au mu n ua amu, ma mu (2,5×10^–6 a/² ) aum nam mm ¶rt;uana. um mm am na m¶rt;, ¶rt;¶rt; nu¶rt;m am mam.     

On the non-tidal secular acceleration of the Earth's rotation

Summary The secular positive acceleration of the Earth's rotation has been computed on the basis of the observed secular decrease of the second zonal harmonic[5]. It corresponds to the observed secular deceleration of the Earth's rotation which should be greater because of oceanic tides.

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¶rt; u a¶rt;a u m aauu [5], u ¶rt;a num u au. m mmmu a¶rt;a u mu au u, m.. n¶rt; n m uu , ¶rt; m n auu nuua.

     

Determination of the geopotential scale factor from satellite altimetry

Summary The geopotential scale factor R ₀ =GM/W ₀ has been determined on the basis of satellite altimetry as R _{0=(6 363 672·5±0·3) m} and/or the geopotential value on the geoid W ₀ =(62 636 256·5±3) m ² s ^–2 . It has been stated that R ₀ and/or W ₀ is independent of the tidal distortion of surface W=W ₀ due to the zero frequency tide.

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¶rt;a nmu amumuu u ama amnmuaa R ₀ =GM/W ₀ =(6 363 672,5±0,3) m u/uu aunmuaa a nmuu¶rt;a W ₀ =(62 636 256,5±3) m² s^–2. m, m R ₀ u/uu W ₀ auum m nm amu a a nuu ¶rt;au nmu W=W ₀ .

     

A contribution to the parameterization of total radiation

Summary To be able to parameterize vertical heat and water vapour fluxes in the boundary layer of the atmosphere, it is necessary to determined, among other factors, the amount of incident total radiation under a generally arbitrary condition of the atmosphere at any instant of time. This paper deals with a simple model for computing the total radiation based on known solar elevation, total cloud cover and the atmospheric turbidity parameter. This variant of the model was formulated on the basis of a two-year series of total radiation observations made in the radiation network of the Czech Hydrometeorological Institute, and on the measurements and observations made at the observatory of the Institute of the Physics of the Atmosphere in Kopisty. An example of comparing the observed and theoretical values of total radiation will also be given.

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¶rt;um naamuauu mua nm mna u amu nzau am mm ¶rt; nu n¶rt;u au a nm numa a a¶rt;uauu m u. mam auam n naamuauu a a¶rt;uauu n ¶rt;a m a, ammu am u mnu az na. ¶rt;azaa ¶rt; nma a mam ¶rt;mu uu auau mu z zu¶rt;mzu z umumma u a amuu mumma uuu am numa. mam ma nu¶rt; nu au u u n n¶rt; ¶rt;u u au a a¶rt;uauu.

     

Stratospheric ozone variability near the IMF sector boundary

Summary We search for the effects of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) sector boundary crossing (SBC) in upper stratospheric ozone. The SBUV data (Nimbus-7) at the 10, 3 and 1 hPa levels are analysed for latitudes 45° N and 55° N for winters of the period December 1979 to December 1982. An effect of the IMF SBC wos only found at the 10 hPa level. These first results concerning the IMF SBC effect in upper stratospheric ozone are rather preliminary.

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¶rt;m uu nu mau () nam aum n () a mam. SBUV ¶rt;a (u-7) a nm ¶rt;au 10, 3 u 1a aauum ¶rt; um 45° u 55° . . ua nu¶rt;a ¶rt;a 1979 – ¶rt;a 1982. m uu a¶rt; m a 10a. mu n mam n uuu a mam m n¶rt;aumu.

     

Predictions of magnetic fields for Uranus and Neptune

Summary The magnetic moments of Uranus and Neptune have been predicted using different scaling laws of planetary magnetism. The predictions for Uranus cover a broad band of values from very weak magnetic fields (tidal relations) to moderate fields (thermal convection hypothesis). Therefore, the direct measurements of this field by Voyager 2 (January 1986) will be very important for testing the individual hapotheses.

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a m ama a ¶rt; amua nam ¶rt;a n aum m nam a a nm. aa n¶rt;nmu nuu mu, ¶rt;m u¶rt;am a aum n a nmu aa u u a nmu nma.

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Presented at the Fifth Scientific Assembly of IAGA in Prague 1985.     

The gravitational effect of bodies with variable density

Summary Determination of the gravitational effect of some bodies, the density of which is supposed to be variable in the vertical direction, possibly in the horizontal direction, too.

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n¶rt;uaumau ma m m, nmm m um mua uu muma anau.

     

On the problem of standardization of the magnitude-frequency relation

au u uu mu a amu am a¶rt; mum ma¶rt;amuauau nmm m a, ¶rt;a m u ¶rt;u naam — aum¶rt; a, nu¶rt; a¶rt;u uu na¶rt;u am — nu muaua muam ¶rt; m ¶rt;a. ¶rt;aa n ma¶rt;amuauu nm naam ¶rt;u munaua nmmu ¶rt;.     

Relation between the field of surface heat flow and the distribution ofP n -wave velocities for continents

Summary The dependence between P_n-wave velocities and the surface heat flow, temperature at the core-mantl boundary and thickness of the Earth's crust for continents (Europe, Asia, North America and Australia) was investigated statistically in connection with the problem of lateral inhomogeneities in the upper mantle. The relations obtained were compared with those determined under laboratory conditions. The conclusion is that temperature and pressure effects may provide additional explanations of the regional variations of P_n-wave velocities observed in most continents.

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auum ¶rt;auu mu n¶rt; a nmu uua(P_n ), nm mn nm, mnam a u m mum a u¶rt;aa u n uuuma ¶rt;¶rt;m mu P_n. nua ¶rt;a mama aam u¶rt;au nu m n¶rt; amuu u u ¶rt;au u mnam a¶rt;um mmmuu mamau n¶rt;aa am. am ¶rt;, m ua uu m P_n- ¶rt; amu muma n¶rt;m auu m¶rt;uauu u a nmu muua.

     

Study of the velocity conditions in the earth's crust in the regions of the Bohemian massif and the carpathian system along international profiles VI and VII

u¶rt;m n uu ¶rt;u m n u ma n¶rt;aa, nu m¶rt;u u ¶rt;uau. n nuu uu ¶rt;u m n ¶rt;a¶rt; nu NoNo VI, VII. u au u n m a (x, H), ¶rt;auu an¶rt;u ¶rt;u m ¶rt; m¶rt; nu, u mua m nuu (H), aamuu an¶rt;u m a mua ¶rt;¶rt; uu ¶rt;uua u a. u a ¶rt;u m (x, H) amm ¶rt;uuu (u) a m¶rt; nu. m¶rt; u, auuu aau, om aamuam muau an¶rt;u ¶rt;u m, uu , n m u m nu aamuu a nmu, am ma a¶rt;am aa uu ¶rt;u m. aa u a¶rt;u n nu NoNo VI u VII u umuu ¶rt;a. mua m nu (H) num m ¶rt;u amu aua u anam um, ¶rt;a amu ¶rt;aua u ¶rt;- nma (nu No VII). ma ¶rt; ¶rt; aua, maa numa nm m u numa nm ma¶rt;um, a unaa nuu umnmauu a¶rt;uu ¶rt;uau amu aua.     

The parallactic refraction determined with the aid of meteorological balloon data

¶rt; u n ¶rt; (nmu) muauu m m naaamu auu . am mu uu nu unauu ¶rt;a mu ¶rt; nuu u umuau. am ¶rt; ¶rt;u ¶rt;uua u nuam n uu. ¶rt;m uau u au nm u mnum ¶rt;a. a mm n¶rt;a ±0,1 naaamu auu ¶rt; um amu ¶rt; z=80° u ¶rt; m u ¶rt; =10 (uuaa). u¶rt;um nm u au am[2].     

Moments of external disturbing forces in the rotational motion of celestial bodies

am ¶rt; mau mu ma uaumau u m a ma, ua aam ¶rt;uu ¶rt;a ma. a ma aamuam u¶rt;; n¶rt;aam u, m uaumau n nua mu nmu ¶rt; ¶rt;mam u mn, u m uma aua umuoa u nu u unu¶rt; uuu. u¶rt;um amo u, ¶rt;a ¶rt;a ¶rt;o 4- n¶rt;a um.