江苏郯庐断裂带断层气测量与地球化学特征

对郯庐断裂带江苏段断层气体CO_2、Rn以及Hg浓度进行测量,选择在重岗、晓店、桥北和何庄四个跨断层测点。确定了各剖面上断层气体的地球化学特征的背景值和异常下限值,然后计算出郯庐断裂带江苏段的断层气异常衬度值数据结果。断层气体的浓度值异常主要集中分布在断裂带内及附近,活动断裂带地震活动性和断层气体的浓度值异常有很好的一致性。     

郯庐断裂带江苏段土壤气体地球化学特征研究

为讨论郯庐断裂带江苏段土壤气体CO_2、Rn以及Hg的地球化学特征,在重岗、晓店、桥北和何庄4个地点跨断层测量了土壤气中CO_2、Rn以及Hg的浓度。测量结果表明:郯庐断裂带江苏段上土壤气CO_2、Rn和Hg的浓度异常衬度分别为2.74~3.75,2.05~5.73和1.84~3.96。土壤气中CO_2、Rn和Hg的浓度异常主要集中分布在断裂带内及附近,且与活动断裂带地震活动性有很好的一致性。     

郯庐断裂带宿迁段土壤气氡与断裂活动性关系研究

通过跨断层土壤气氡逸出浓度测量,获得数据资料,氡浓度呈明显的正态分布特征,峰值出现在断裂中心区域或断裂带附近,随着远离断裂轴线,测值沿断层两侧呈阶梯式降低。结合郯庐断裂带宿迁段5条主干断裂分段特征以及土壤气氡M值、B值、A值、N值、相对活动度、异常下限、异常衬度等指标参数变化,得出土壤气氡逸出浓度高低与断裂活动性强弱有较好的对应关系,土壤气氡逸出浓度越高,断裂活动性越强。     

郯庐断裂带庐江段土壤气地球化学特征研究

<正>郯庐断裂带庐江段是郯庐断裂带中南段地震前兆重点监视区域之一,NW向梅山-龙河口断裂、金寨-东汤池断裂、青山-晓天断裂都与郯庐断裂带交汇于此段,该段有大量的温泉出露,温泉水氡测项记录到了一些大震的同震响应、震后效应,也捕捉到了一些区域地震的前兆异常。为了更好地监视郯庐断裂带断层的活动,引进了跨断层土壤气监测新技术,探索郯庐断裂带土壤气地球化学特征,提炼适合郯庐断裂带特     

土壤氡对郯庐断裂宿迁段F5断裂探测和活动性的研究

郯庐断裂带宿迁段多年来一直被列为江苏地震重点关注区域。在该区域展开了多期活断层探测和工程地震安全性评价工作,地震监测已经建成了测震、形变、电磁、流体等多种手段。用气体地球化学方法开展相关研究,探索活动断层运动和地震发生之间的相互关系,是对该地区地震科学研究的一种补充,其有着十分重要的意义。沿郯庐断裂带宿迁段F₅断裂布设土壤氡测线并获得相关数据,结合地质勘察、浅层人工地震等资料进行综合分析,结果表明该区域内土壤氡探测结果对断裂带的位置、断层类型和特征、断层活动性具有较好的指示性。土壤氡探测展示F₅断裂两条分支断裂F_5-1、F_5-2的位置,氡浓度异常形态与断层特征存在一定的对应关系,并利用土壤氡浓度强度为指标,初步判断郯庐断裂带宿迁段F₅断裂2条分支断裂的相对活动性。     

郯庐断裂带山东段土壤气体地球化学特征

断裂带土壤气浓度测量是活动断裂地震危险性评价的重要手段之一。根据郯庐断裂带山东段安丘—莒县断裂和黄线弧形断裂断层土壤气中Rn、CO2和Hg的浓度,探讨断层气体地球化学特征。测量结果表明:安丘—莒县断裂Rn、CO2和Hg的浓度异常明显,且Rn和CO2的浓度异常具有较好的相关性。郯庐断裂带山东段沂沭断裂土壤气中,Rn和CO2浓度异常沿断裂由南向北变小,二者浓度异常与断裂活动性有一定关系。     

郯庐断裂带安徽段土壤气体的地球化学特征

在郯庐断裂带安徽段由北向南分别于泗县、明光、肥东、桐城布设了4个测区,每个测区各布设了4条跨断层土壤气测量剖面,测量土壤气Rn、Hg和CO_2的浓度。根据16条跨断层土壤气剖面的测量结果,对郯庐断裂带安徽段的3种土壤气体的释放特征及其与断层空间位置间的关系进行了初步分析。结果表明,气体在断裂带附近较为富集,对断层位置有一定指示作用;气体的富集程度与断裂的活动性、该区段断层岩性及地质环境有一定关系。该结果对于认识测量区域气体的积累特征及构造地球化学研究有一定意义。     

郯庐断裂宿迁段地球化学气体特征分析

通过对不同位置、不同性质、不同地质年代断层分别进行布设测线,测量不同种类地球化学气体逸出浓度并开展专题研究,得出郯庐断裂宿迁段断层气Rn、CO_2浓度变化同步性较好,浓度异常区域与断层破碎带具有一致性,郯庐断裂宿迁段断层气浓度与断裂活动年代有关,全新世活动断裂浓度最高,晚更新世活动断裂稍低,早第四纪断裂浓度最低等结论。此项研究对在郯庐断裂宿迁段开展地球化学气体观测,进而预测地震具有重要的指示意义。     

郯庐断裂带鲁苏沂沭段对汶川地震波的隔震效应

郯庐断裂带鲁苏沂沭段由几务平行的深大断裂构成。地震波传播通过郯庐断裂带会产生多次的反射与折射,适当的条件下会产生断层隔震效应。本文报告了江苏地区在汶川地震中的人员反应,根据弹性波传播理论分析了江苏境内的汶川地震记录。分析结果表明,郯庐断裂带在嘉山以北为郯庐断裂带鲁苏沂沭段,几条平行的深大断裂有隔震效应,汶川与嘉山南侧的连线形成一条地震动屏蔽线。在此线以北,郯庐断裂带鲁苏沂沭段阻碍了地震波的传播,其东侧,紧邻郯庐断裂带并为郯庐断裂带屏蔽的强震观测台如宿迁台、新沂台和淮安台都没有触发,这表明了郯庐断裂带对地震波的隔震作用。     

郯庐断裂带宿迁段合欢路土壤氡分布特征与迁移特征的数值模拟

沿郯庐断裂带宿迁段合欢路布设土壤氡测线并对测得的数据进行分析研究，结果表明研究区域内土壤氡探测结果对断裂带位置、断层类型和特征有较好的指示性。在已知场地地质构造参数、地层岩性特征的基础上，建立土壤氡迁移模型。建立模型时识别了断裂类型和覆盖层分层特征，并讨论了断层内部结构与氡浓度取值，使模型与实际情况相等。数值模拟结果印证了土壤氡异常峰区间在圈定断裂位置和断层破碎带中的重要作用，揭示了氡在不同覆盖层中的迁移速度，并定量解释了合欢路场地断层土壤氡异常的成因。     

郯庐断裂带新沂——泗洪段土壤气Rn体积活度和CO_2浓度特征研究

郯庐断裂带江苏段地区4个剖面进行了土壤气Rn体积活度和CO_2浓度测量结果显示,自北向南土壤气Rn体积活度均值分别为22.9kBq/m^3、35.5kBq/m^3、40.2kBq/m^3、26.6kBq/m^3;自北向南土壤气CO_2浓度均值分别为0.669%、0.400%、0.503%、1.109%。土壤气Rn体积活度和CO_2的浓度在空间分布上具有较好的一致性,这可能与CO_2是Rn的载气有关。综合分析土壤气Rn和CO_2测量结果以及水准资料可得,2017年土壤气Rn高值出现在晓店段可能与区域应力应变调整有关。本研究不仅为研究区以后的土壤气研究提供了参考,同时也可为研究区的构造活动研究提供地球化学资料参考。     

STUDY ON THE LATEST ACTIVITY OF WUYUNSHAN-HEFEI FAULT IN HEFEI BASIN,THE WESTERN BRANCH OF THE TANLU FAULT ZONE

Tanlu fault zone is the largest strike-slip fault system in eastern China. Since it was discovered by aeromagnetics in 1960s, it has been widely concerned by scholars at home and abroad, and a lot of research has been done on its formation and evolution. At the same time, the Tanlu fault zone is also the main seismic structural zone in China, with an obvious characteristic of segmentation of seismicity. Major earthquakes are mostly concentrated in the Bohai section and Weifang-Jiashan section. For example, the largest earthquake occurring in the Bohai section is M7.4 earthquake, and the largest earthquake occurring in the Weifang-Jiashan section is M8.5 earthquake. Therefore, the research on the active structure of the Tanlu fault zone is mainly concentrated in these two sections. With the deepening of research, some scholars carried out a lot of research on the middle section of Tanlu fault zone, which is distributed in Shandong and northern Jiangsu Province, including five nearly parallel fault systems, i.e. Changyi-Dadian Fault(F₁), Baifenzi-Fulaishan Fault(F₂), Yishui-Tangtou Fault(F₃), Tangwu-Gegou Fault(F₄) and Anqiu-Juxian Fault(F₅). They find that the faults F₃ and F₅ are still active since the late Quaternary. In recent years, we have got a further understanding of the geometric distribution, active age and active nature of Fault F₅, and found that it is still active in Holocene. At the same time, the latest research on the extension of F₅ into Anhui suggests that there is a late Pleistocene-Holocene fault existing near the Huaihe River in Anhui Province. The Tanlu fault zone extends into Anhui Province and the extension section is completely buried, especially in the Hefei Basin south of Dingyuan. At present, there is little research on the activity of this fault segment, and it is very difficult to study its geometric structure and active nature, and even whether the fault exists has not been clear. Precisely determining the distribution, active properties and the latest active time of the hidden faults under urban areas is of great significance not only for studying the rupture behavior and segmentation characteristics of the southern section of the Tanlu fault zone, but also for providing important basis for urban seismic fortification. By using the method of shallow seismic prospecting and the combined drilling geological section, this paper carries out a detailed exploration and research on the Wuyunshan-Hefei Fault, the west branch fault of Tanlu fault zone buried in Hefei Basin. Four shallow seismic prospecting lines and two rows of joint borehole profiles are laid across the fault in Hefei urban area from north to south. Using ¹⁴C, OSL and ESR dating methods, ages of 34 samples of borehole stratigraphic profiles are obtained. The results show that the youngest stratum dislocated by the Wuyunshan-Hefei Fault is the Mesopleistocene blue-gray clay layer, and its activity is characterized by reverse faulting, with a maximum vertical offset of 2.4m. The latest active age is late Mesopleistocene, and the depth of the shallowest upper breaking point is 17m. This study confirms that the west branch of Tanlu fault zone cuts through Hefei Basin and is still active since Quaternary. Its latest activity age in Hefei Basin is late of Middle Pleistocene, and the latest activity is characterized by thrusting. The research results enrich the understanding of the overall activity of Tanlu fault zone in the buried section of Hefei Basin and provide reliable basic data for earthquake monitoring, prediction and earthquake damage prevention in Anhui Province.     

Bouguer gravity study of middle section of Tanlu fault

Although Tanlu fault is one of the most important tectonic fault zones and active earthquake belts in eastern China, little is known about its deep structure. In this study, we use the existing Bouguer gravity data to study the middle section of the Tanlu fault zone, which is also known as the Yishu fault zone. Our gravity inversion results indicate that the Moho has an abrupt offset in depth at the Tanlu fault zone and it has a relatively smooth variation away from the fault zone. The crustal structures on both sides are different from each other. Sediment is thin on the west side with an average thickness of less than 5 km, while it is as thick as 6 km on the east side. The thinnest sediment （3-4 km） is at the fault zone. Moho depth increases from 33 to 34 km on east side and from 36 to 38 km on west side. Tanlu fault zone is shown as a wide zone of linear gradient in the Bouguer gravity anomaly.     

由地壳速度结构判断郯庐断裂带江苏段未来大震位置

用多震相地震走时成像法反演郯庐断裂带鲁苏皖段及邻区三维地壳速度结构。一些地区如郯庐断裂带临沭到定远及以东地区在中地壳的20~25km出现低速层,一些地区莫霍面埋深有变化。浅层速度结构的分段与断裂活动的分段相一致,表明新沂到泗洪是活动断裂的闭锁段。对比1668年山东郯城8级地震区和研究区的深部速度结构,结合与郯庐带相交的断裂、地震活动、活动断裂的闭锁段、中地壳低速层及莫霍面深度变化,综合判断郯庐断裂带江苏段未来可能发生大震的地区为33.4°~34.1°N,118.2°~118.8°E,重点是宿迁、沭阳、泗阳和泗洪。震级估计可达8级。     

郯庐断裂带莒县胡家孟晏地震破裂带的发现

郯庐断裂带是中国东部最主要的一条活动断裂带。在该断裂带中部,沂沭断裂东地堑的潍坊—嘉山段中发育了1条长360km的全新世活动断裂带(F5),在该全新世断裂带的北段和中段分别发生了公元70年的安丘地震和公元1668年的郯城地震。2003年底我们考察沭河断裂带时,在莒县境内发现了1条长约7km的地震破裂带,作为活动断层应该归属于F5断裂带,但其是一条独立的地震破裂段还是归属于1668年郯城8.5级地震破裂带有待于进一步的研究。尽管如此,探槽揭示出的上覆未经破坏的地层的14C年代表明,该破裂带在(2140±190)aBP以来没有过活动,因此我们认为其作为1条独立破裂段的可能性较大     

郯庐断裂带明光—定远池河镇段的新活动性

郯庐断裂带南段淮河至女山湖段落已被证实具有晚第四纪活动性,为进一步追踪断裂带在女山湖以南的活动情况,选取明光至定远池河镇段落进行遥感解译、地质地貌调查、探槽开挖及年代样品测试等工作。研究发现,该段断裂在卫星影像上显示线性特征较差,发育断裂主要为池河-太湖断裂;断裂新活动主要表现为控制池河河谷的发育及沿明南土山村、池河石塘岳、池河周王等地展布的线性岗状地貌;在上述岗地边缘开挖探槽揭示断裂在该段最新活动方式具挤压逆冲性质,最新活动时代为中更新世,晚更新世以来不活动。上述结果初步表明,该段与其北侧相邻的淮河至女山湖段在第四纪活动性上存在差异,可能为郯庐断裂带在女山湖附近存在分段导致。     

应用布格重力异常研究郯庐断裂构造

使用布格重力资料对郯庐断裂带的中段部分（沂沭断裂带）进行了研究. 结果表明, 郯庐断裂带莫霍面及地壳内界面均发生错断,断裂带两侧地壳各界面起伏平缓. 该结果与前人的郯庐断裂带是切穿地壳的深大断裂的认识相一致. 在郯庐断裂带两侧,地壳结构明显不同,西侧沉积层较薄,平均在5 km以下;东侧多数在6 km以上;在断裂带中央沉积物最薄,大约为3～4 km. 断裂带东侧莫霍面埋深浅,大约为33～34 km;西侧莫霍面埋深明显增加,达到36～38 km．反映了莫霍面深度在断裂带附近整体是向西增加的. 郯庐断裂带在重力场分布中则表现为一条宽度较大的线性布格重力异常梯度带.      

Active fault survey on the Tanlu fault zone in Laizhou Bay

Introduction The Tanlu fault zone, the largest active structure in the eastern region of China, is character-ized by right lateral strike-slip movement with dip-slip component in the Quaternary; it shows great significance for the modern seismicity (FANG et al, 1976; Institute of Geophysics, China Earthquake Administration, 1987; GAO et al, 1980; MA, 1987; LI, 1989; CHAO et al, 1995). The Tanlu fault zone is the boundary between the Jiaoliao block and the North China Plain block of …     

唐山断裂带土壤气地球化学特征分析

由于唐山断裂带土壤气地球化学研究成果相对较少，因此于2017—2018年分3期对唐山断裂带5条分支断裂土壤气浓度（包括Rn、Hg、CO₂）和通量（包括Rn、Hg）进行测量，利用土壤气浓度平均值+2倍均方差的方法确定每条断裂异常限。分析结果表明，唐山-古冶断裂和唐山断裂土壤气浓度及通量出现高值异常；2017—2018年M_L1.0以上地震多集中在唐山断裂和唐山-古冶断裂，与土壤气异常分布有较好的相关性；土壤气地球化学空间变化特征能反映断裂带的分段活动性。