北斗三频周跳探测方法研究

三频观测量能形成更多优良组合,有利于提高周跳探测和修复的成功率。针对目前北斗已经实现三频观测数据播发,为周跳探测与修复提供了新方法和新途径的现状,该文基于多频伪距相位组合法对北斗三频实测数据进行了数据预处理。结合北斗三频载波相位组合的特性,给出了组合观测量的选取标准,并且利用一组实测数据进行了验证。实验结果表明,在数据采样率较高、历元间电离层延迟变化可忽略时,根据该方法选取的最优伪距相位组合可探测和修复观测数据中的所有周跳。     

两种周跳探测方法在北斗三频中的应用比较研究

以多频组合观测值理论为基础,利用北斗三频实测数据,对比分析多频伪距/载波相位组合法和MW & Geometry-free组合法对北斗三频载波相位周跳的探测情况.结果表明,两种方法不但探测精度较高,而且对大小周跳都可以快速准确地探测出来,都可以应用于三频载波相位的周跳探测中.     

基于伪距相位和STPIR组合的北斗三频周跳探测与修复

GNSS周跳探测中,电离层残差法的适用性受数据采样间隔的影响较大,同时联合其它组合观测量进行周跳修复时,周跳修复方程组易出现病态解。针对这些问题,文中提出一种可靠的北斗三频周跳探测与修复算法,通过构造北斗三频电离层残差组合观测量,进行二阶历元间差分,基于三频伪距相位组合优选理论,选取适用于北斗三频数据的伪距相位组合,结合两种组合观测量,优选条件数较小的组合系数矩阵进行周跳修复,最后通过北斗三频实测数据验证,结果表明:在数据采样间隔较大的情况下,利用构建的三个组合观测量可以探测出北斗三频原始数据中的所有周跳,具有很好的修复效果。     

惯性辅助强多径环境中的北斗三频周跳探测与修复

针对北斗三频信号,引入了惯性信息辅助周跳探测与修复,建立了北斗/INS松组合模型,提高了多径误差严重影响下的BDS周跳探测成功率和修复率。在常规伪距-相位组合与几何无关组合探测三频周跳的基础上,提出了INS定位辅助的北斗三频组合法,构建了INS辅助的周跳决策量,分析了INS定位误差对周跳探测的影响。该方法克服了周跳探测受伪距观测值精度影响的不足,实现了北斗系统多径环境中的小周跳探测。试验采用船载INS/BDS三频组合系统进行数据实测分析,结果表明,在水面强多径噪声环境导致传统三频探测模型失效的情况下,该方法显著提高了探测成功率与修复率,并适用于低频北斗观测数据。     

北斗三频消电离层组合周跳探测方法研究

为了实现在电离层活跃期对北斗三频观测值的周跳探测,在分析北斗三频观测值特性的基础上,推导并提出一种无几何无电离层组合周跳探测新方法,针对该方法存在不敏感周跳的问题,结合二次历元间差分的无几何相位组合法,对北斗三频观测数据进行周跳探测。并利用电离层高度活跃时期的观测数据对该方法进行验证,实验结果表明,该方法可以在强电离层影响下探测0~4周的小周跳,可考虑将其应用到北斗三频实时导航定位的周跳处理中。     

北斗三频组合数据在周跳探测和修复上的应用

随着新一代卫星导航定位系统中多个频率观测数据的应用,利用多频载波相位数据的组合特性将会使周跳的探测和修复变得更加快速准确.本文利用多频组合观测值理论,选出适合北斗数据的组合系数,并结合伪距/载波相位组合方法,对北斗三频实测载波数据进行了周跳的探测与修复研究,试验结果表明无论是小周跳、大周跳以及各种粗差,该方法都可以快速...     

GPS三频非差观测数据周跳的自动探测与改正研究

在GPS三频非差观测数据的处理中,由于伪距噪声的影响,利用原始的伪距和载波相位观测数据估计的模糊度误差比较大,不能用于探测和改正周跳。对原始观测数据进行平滑或适当的组合处理,可降低观测噪声的影响。因此,本文选择合适的经过平滑或组合处理后的观测数据作为探测周跳的检验量,探测并改正单个频点上的周跳。在分析了一般周跳的特点并在研究双频周跳自动探测与改正方法基础上,提出了选取检验量的四条基本原则。最后,依此原则选取了三个观测值组合作为周跳检验量,利用该组检验量实现三频非差观测数据周跳的自动探测与改正。     

北斗三频组合在数据预处理中的应用

在介绍多频伪距/ 载相组合法进行数据预处理的原理基础上,结合北斗三频载波相位组合的特性,给出组合观测量的选取标准,分析三频组合相比双频组合的优势,并选取3组组合作为探测周跳和粗差的检验量。通过数据实例分析,该组合能探测出任何情况下大于1周的周跳和大于0.2周的粗差。     

利用三频数据组合探测不敏感周跳

针对全球卫星导航系统（Global Navigation Satellite System，GNSS）信号中部分周跳难以探测的问题，在三维坐标系中分析了不敏感周跳的产生及分布，研究了探测阈值对不敏感周跳的影响，进而研究了多个组合量联合探测周跳的效果，提出了针对不敏感周跳的组合系数选取方法。该方法根据不敏感周跳的探测量构建组合系数的函数模型，在所有可能的三频无几何相位（geometry free combination，GF）组合系数中选取最敏感的组合系数，可探测3个频点上跳变量相近的不敏感周跳。北斗三频实测数据证实，多个GF组合有效提升了不敏感周跳的探测概率，数量以两个为宜，选取的组合量有效提升了不敏感周跳的探测概率。     

一种无盲点GNSS三频组合周跳探测与修复方法

针对GNSS现有的三频组合周跳探测法对特殊周跳组合容易出现探测盲点的问题,该文提出一种无盲点三频组合周跳探测与修复方法。该方法构造一个三频无几何相位组合和一个三频STPIR组合;利用这两个组合构建出公共盲点模型,进而得到三频伪距相位组合的系数约束条件;以此条件为基础,构造出可以探测出前两种组合盲点的三频伪距相位组合。将三频无几何相位组合、三频STPIR组合和特别构造的三频伪距相位组合联立,形成无盲点三频组合法,实现对各频点观测值周跳的无盲点探测与修复。利用实测数据对本文提出的无盲点三频组合法的有效性进行了验证,结果表明:该方法探测并修复了实测数据中所有的周跳,并对人为设置的特殊周跳组合实现了无盲点探测与修复。     

GPS三频无几何相位组合周跳探测与修复

随着GPS现代化的实施和L5频率的开设,GPS进入了三频时代。相对于双频观测数据三频观测值线性组合可以形成更多长波长、弱电离层、低噪声的组合。本文分析了GPS三频无几何相位组合的特性,利用两个GPS三频无几何相位组合和一个三频伪距载波组合组成观测矩阵探测周跳,并采用搜索方法确保周跳修复的正确。最后利用模拟的L5观测数据进行验证,结果表明该算法可以有效地探测并修复周跳。     

三种常用周跳探测与修复方法的性能分析

针对全球卫星导航系统（GNSS）数据处理中周跳探测与修复方法的合理选择问题,本文对三种常见的周跳探测与修复方法的性能进了评价分析.给出一种基于数理统计理论的周跳探测结果可靠性评价新方法,利用该新方法评价了多项式拟合法和TurboEdit法对同一组双频实测数据进行周跳探测所得结果的可靠性,以及多项式拟合法和三频无几何组合法对同一组三频实测数据进行周跳探测所得结果的可靠性.综合两组评价结果可知,对于双频实测数据而言,TurboEdit法的探测效果优于多项式拟合法；对三频实测数据而言,三频无几何组合法的探测效果优于多项式拟合法；但多项式拟合法对双频、三频观测数据均可进行周跳探测与修复,因此适用性更广.      

Benefits of the third frequency signal on cycle slip correction

Cycle slip detection and correction are important issues when carrier phase observations are used in high-precision GNSS data processing and have, therefore, been intensively investigated. Along with the GNSS modernization, the cycle slip correction (CSC) problem has been raised to deal with more signals from multi-frequencies. We extend the geometry-based approach by integrating time-differenced pseudorange and carrier phase observations to estimate the integer number of triple-frequency cycle slips together with the receiver clock offset, ionospheric delay variations and receiver displacements. The Least-squares AMBiguity Decorrelation Adjustment method can be employed. The benefit of the third frequency observation on the cycle slip estimate is first investigated with simulation tests. The results show that adding the third frequency observation can significantly improve the model strength and that a reliable triple-frequency CSC with a theoretical success rate of higher than 99.9 % can still be achieved, even under the condition that the range or ionosphere delay variation is poorly defined. The performance of triple-frequency CSC is validated with real triple-frequency BDS data since all BDS satellites in orbit are transmitting triple-frequency signals. The results show that the fixing rate of CSC can reach 99.1 % in static precise point positioning (PPP) and 98.8 % in the kinematic case. PPP solutions with cycle slip-uncorrected and cycle slip-corrected data sets are compared to validate the correctness of triple-frequency CSC. The standard deviations of the PPP solution in east, north and vertical component, respectively, can be improved by 31.1, 30.7 and 37.6 % for static, and by 42.0, 53.8 and 39.7 % for kinematic after cycle slips are corrected. The performance of dual- and triple-frequency CSC is also compared. Results show that the performance of dual-frequency CSC is slightly worse than that of triple-frequency CSC. These results demonstrate that the performance of CSC can be significantly improved with triple-frequency observations.     

GPS现代化后电离层折射误差高阶项的三频改正方法

研究了电离层对GPS观测信号的主要影响及电离层折射误差模型,总结了电离层双频改正模型。针对GPS现代化中增加的第三频率,系统推导了三个频率的电离层改正模型及相位观测值无电离层组合(LC组合)模型。该模型将电离层折射误差模型改正至二阶项,可进一步提高GPS定位精度,同时,为GPS定位中其他误差的改正及分离、周跳的探测等提供了有力的技术手段。     

Triple-frequency carrier ambiguity resolution for Beidou navigation satellite system

The Chinese Beidou system, also known as Compass, has entered its trial operational stage and can already provide services for triple-frequency users. Using triple-frequency signals is expected to be of great benefit for ambiguity resolution. Based on error characteristic analysis of the Beidou frequencies, we introduce the procedure of selecting the best combinations of triple-frequency signals. The geometry-based model and geometry-free model of triple-frequency signals are presented. Three triple-frequency carrier ambiguity resolution (TCAR) methods are described, which include the cascading rounding method, the stepwise AR method and the modified stepwise AR method. In order to evaluate the performance of these methods, observations from baselines of various lengths were collected using Beidou triple-frequency receivers and were processed epoch-by-epoch using the three methods. The same observation data were also processed in a dual-frequency mode for comparison. The results show that, compared to the dual-frequency based solution, the single epoch ambiguity resolution success rate with triple frequency improved nearly 30 % for the short baselines (<20 km) and 100 % for the mid-length baselines (20–50 km) using the proposed modified stepwise AR method.     

A new triple-frequency cycle slip detecting algorithm validated with BDS data

Triple-frequency global navigation satellite systems allow the introduction of additional linear observation combinations. We define two geometry-free phase combinations and one geometry-free pseudorange minus phase linear combination to detect and correct cycle slip in real time. At first, the optimal BDS (BeiDou System) triple-frequency geometry-free phase combinations are selected for cycle slip detection. Then, a detailed analysis of the cycle slip detection is performed by examining whether some special cycle slip groups cannot be discovered by the selected combinations. Since there still remain some cycle slip groups undetectable by the two geometry-free phase combinations, we add a pseudorange minus phase linear combination which is linearly independent with these two phase combinations, to be sure that all the cycle slips can be detected. After that, an effective decorrelation search based on LAMBDA and least squares minimum principle is applied to calculate and determine the cycle slips. The method has been tested on triple-frequency undifferenced BDS data coming from a benign observation environment. Results show that the proposed method is able to detect and repair all the small cycle slips in the three carriers.     

利用三频组合观测值的GPS周跳探测与修复

本文分析了GPS三频组合观测值在波长、电离层误差和偶然误差等方面的特性,并定义了衡量其特性的3种指标;结合传统的伪距/相位组合法,探讨了三频组合观测值探测与修复周跳的原理和方法。利用模拟的L5观测数据,进行了多种情况下周跳的探测与修复。结果表明:该方法能在单历元间准确探测出各个频率上发生的大、小不等的周跳。相对于原始观测值,长波长的三频组合观测值可以更有效地探测与修复周跳。     

小波变换联合伪距相位组合探测与修复GNSS三频周跳

三频观测值可改善周跳探测与修复，但易受伪距观测值噪声的严重影响且有一些不敏感周跳组合无法探测。针对目前存在的问题，本文采用小波变换理论对伪距观测值降噪以提高探测修复周跳能力；合理优化组合观测量以组成稳定方程；使用QR分解进一步提高计算跳变量时的数值稳定性。最后，利用BDS和GPS/QZSS三频高、低采样率实测数据进行测试。结果表明，所有人为加入的周跳都被正确探测并修复，而且不存在无法探测、周跳误探与误修复问题。     

多频数据组合在周跳探测和修复上的应用

利用模拟的L5观测数据，结合传统的伪距／载波组合法，对周跳的探测与修复进行了实例计算，并与双频组合观测值的周跳探测方法进行了比较。结果证明，不管对大周跳还是小周跳，该方法均能在单历元间准确地探测出各个频率上发生的周跳，较之双频组合观测值的探测方法具有更大的优越性。