瞬态瑞雷波法在强夯挤淤复合地基检测中的应用

简要介绍了瑞雷波的性质及瑞雷波法的工作原理,指出了瞬态瑞雷波法的优点.用工程实例论证了瞬态瑞雷波法在强夯挤淤复合地基检测中的应用效果.结语中对应用瞬态瑞雷波法应注意的事项作了简要说明.     

瞬态面波法在滑坡体勘探中的应用

多道瞬态瑞雷波勘探技术是近几年来快速发展起来的高新技术,在滑坡体工程勘察中具有广泛的应用前景.介绍多道瞬态瑞雷波勘探原理及技术方法,并通过工程勘察实例,说明多道瞬态瑞雷波法应用于滑坡体勘察的可行性与有效性.     

瞬态瑞雷波探测技术及其在矿井地质中的应用

稳态瑞雷波勘探是由高到低逐渐改变振动频率的瑞雷波勘探方法,而瞬志瑞雷波勘探是宽频谱瑞雷波勘探。本文重点介绍了瞬态瑞雷波勘探原理、数字处理技术及其在矿井地质勘探中的应用。      

多道瞬态瑞雷波勘探技术在岩土工程勘察中的应用

多道瞬态瑞雷波勘探技术是近几年来快速发展起来的高新技术，在岩土工程勘察中具有广阔的应用前景。本文介绍了多道瞬态瑞雷波勘探原理及技术方法。并通过工程实例的地质效果，说明了多道瞬态瑞雷波法应有用于岩土工程勘察的可行性与有效性。     

瞬态瑞雷波法在地基强夯效果检测中的应用

强夯地基质量检测是强夯地基处理中一个十分重要的环节。介绍了瞬态瑞雷波法的探测原理、工作方法及瞬态瑞雷波法在地基强夯效果检测中的实际应用     

瞬态瑞雷波在强夯地基的检测中的应用

针对瞬态瑞雷波在强夯地基中的检测,通过与动力触探、浅层平板载荷试验对比,阐明了瑞雷波法在工程无损检测应用中的可行性。     

瞬态瑞雷波勘探方法

瞬态瑞雷波勘探方法是一种新的地震方法。它可以快速和经济地测定岩土层的瑞雷波速度。由瑞雷波速度可换算成横波速度。本文简要叙述了它的原理和野外试验方法。并以实例说明了此方法的有效性。最后对这一方法的优点作了讨论。     

瞬态瑞雷波勘探方法

瞬态瑞雷波勘探方法是一种新的地震方法。它可以快速和经济地测定岩土层的瑞雷波速度。由瑞雷波速度可换算成横波速度。本文简要叙述了它的原理和野外试验方法。并以实例说明了此方法的有效性。最后对这一方法的优点作了讨论。     

瑞雷波法在黄土地区地基检测中的应用

瑞雷波勘探技术是近年来发展起来的一种高新技术 ,在岩土工程中具广泛应用前景。介绍了瑞雷波的特点、原理 ,结合具体的工程实例 ,探讨了多道瞬态瑞雷波勘探法在黄土地区灰土挤密桩复合地基、灰土垫层地基等检测中的一些应用。     

多道瞬态瑞雷波法在灰土挤密桩检测中的应用

作为一种新型的岩土工程地球物理勘探方法,瑞雷波勘探法具有其他方法无法比拟的优点,因此,被广泛应用于岩土工程界.本文在对瑞雷波的特点、原理研究的基础上,结合具体的工程实例,探讨了多道瞬态瑞雷波勘探法在灰土挤密桩检测中的一些应用.     

Trends in landslide occurrence in Nepal

Nepal is a mountainous, less developed kingdom that straddles the boundary between the Indian and Himalayan tectonic plates. In Nepal, landslides represent a major constraint on development, causing high levels of economic loss and substantial numbers of fatalities each year. There is a general consensus that the impacts of landslides in countries such as Nepal are increasing with time, but until now there has been little or no quantitative data to support this view, or to explain the causes of the increases. In this paper, a database of landslide fatalities in Nepal has been compiled and analysed for the period 1978–2005. The database suggests that there is a high level of variability in the occurrence of landslides from year to year, but that the overall trend is upward. Analyses of the trends in the data suggest that there is a cyclicity in the occurrence of landslide fatalities that strongly mirrors the cyclicity observed in the SW (summer) monsoon in South Asia. Perhaps surprisingly the relationship is inverse, but this is explained through an inverse relationship between monsoon strength and the amount of precipitation in the Hill District areas of Nepal. It is also clear that in recent years the number of fatalities has increased dramatically over and above the effects of the monsoon cycle. Three explanations are explored for this: land-use change, the effects of the ongoing civil war in Nepal, and road building. It is concluded that a major component of the generally upward trend in landslide impact probably results from the rural road-building programme, and its attendant changes to physical and natural systems.     

地下水环境中的硫代砷研究进展

硫代砷是富硫化物地下水中砷的重要形态,对环境和人类健康有潜在威胁。目前硫代砷研究程度尚低,本次主要针对国内外地下水（地热水）中硫代砷的存在形态,水文—生物—环境地球化学过程,样品保存,定量检测方法等方面进行研究。结论如下:pH, 氧化还原电位,硫化物含量和微生物作用等是影响地下水中硫代砷稳定存在和形态分布的重要因素。含铁矿物能与水中的硫代砷形成配位键对其进行吸附,吸附性普遍弱于（亚）砷酸盐,因此,地下水中硫代砷可能表现出更强的迁移性。用于硫代砷检测的自然水样在采集中可采取过滤,速冻,厌氧和低温短期保存的操作流程,以减缓该形态的转化甚至消失。色谱联用ICP-MS系统可用于自然水样中硫代砷的分离定量检测,紫外—可见分光光度法和X射线吸收光谱法在不同场景下也可对硫代砷进行定量和表征分析。地热水和浅层地下水中均可能存在硫代砷,由于水样中硫代砷的不稳定性,室内检测和分析难以准确反映现场过程,因此,野外样品保存技术和现场检测方法的更新可能在未来有更大研究空间,值得进一步探索。     

Some Measurements of Radon in Soils and in Stream-Water in County Durham

Radon is a radioactive gas emanating naturally from uranium rich granites and shales. It may be emitted from the ground surface into the atmosphere as a gas, or it may be dissolved into stream water and transported over distance. The levels of radon gas in soils at ground surface depend on a number of factors relating to the source of the gas and to its transmission. Igneous rocks contain the highest mean concentrations of radium and uranium. The depth of cover is relevant also. Surveys over the years by the National Radiological Protection Board (NRPB) and others have indicated that the highest concentrations in the United Kingdom occur in Cornwall, Devon and northeast Scotland. However, recent reports have indicated that high concentrations of the gas may be detected in small pockets in counties outside of those considered at high risk. This survey relates to a series of measurements taken in and around Darlington, County Durham. The results showed the presence of small areas with strong concentrations of radon in soil gas, but only minor levels of dissolved gas in stream waters.     

徐州市张集水源地裂隙岩溶水群孔抽水试验研究

基于徐州市张集水源地详勘阶段任务要求以及张集水源地具体的水文地质条件,提出了张集水源地裂隙岩溶水群孔干扰抽水试验的技术要求和工作方法。试验结果表明,根据该技术要求和工作方法所进行的抽水试验既满足了为水源地地下水资源评价而进行的数值计算要求,又适合农村电网及水井实际,并且节约了经费。结论对裂隙岩溶水大型水源地地下水资源评价与科学管理具有重要的参考价值。     

环境地球化学研究近十年若干新进展

环境地球化学学科在中国生态文明和美丽中国建设、国际环境公约履约及过去全球变化研究中发挥着越来越大的作用.本文简要回顾了中国过去十年在环境地球化学领域的部分研究进展,介绍了汞、持久性有机污染物和其他重金属污染物长距离传输研究进展;总结了汞、镉、锑、铊等非传统稳定同位素在地表生物地球化学循环过程中的同位素分馏规律及污染来源...     

Gender and voluntary work in late adulthood in rural communities in the Netherlands

This article discusses the involvement of older women and men in voluntary work in rural communities in the Netherlands. Gender, ageing and civil society form the core concepts in the article. Politicians and policy makers in the Netherlands are worried about the perceived decline of civil society and about the consequences of this decline for specific categories of older women in terms of well-being and social exclusion. The paper presents the results of two surveys of involvement of older women and men in civic organisations, voluntary work and local actions. The surveys indicate high levels of involvement of both women and men. No gender differences are found in activity level. However, the data demonstrate the gendered nature of civil society. Women are more engaged in informal voluntary work and informal local actions, while men are more active in formal organisations and functions. This gender segmentation is not absolute, however. Many older women and men transgress the traditional feminine–masculine boundaries. The surveys highlight the involvement of women and men in rural communities, but indicate lower activity levels in urban areas.     

CSAMT 法在辽西康杖子区深部探矿中的应用

可控源音频大地电磁法(CSAMT)具有探测深度大、横向分辨率高、抗干扰能力强的特点,在深部找矿勘探中有着重要的指导意义。肖家营子铜钼矿床是辽西地区一个大型矽卡岩型金属矿床,大部分矿体是隐伏矿体,矿区外围的康杖子区与本区有相似的成矿地质环境,成矿地质条件优越.矿体与围岩电性差异明显,通过应用CSAMT,矿体具有低电阻特点,根据成果推断解释,对深部有利成矿部位进行了钻探验证,取得了理想的探矿效果,在矿区外围取得第二深度空间找矿重大突破。     

河口港湾沉积物中的(137)Cs剖面及其沉积学意义

本文通过对采自海南岛洋浦港?福建厦门外港?浙江象山港三个河口港湾的六个沉积柱样的137Cs分析,分别用137Cs剖面的最大峰值层及137Cs剖面的起始值层位估算了该六个站位的现代沉积速率,结果表明:在河口港湾沉积环境条件下,用137Cs剖面来估算沉积物的平均沉积速率是可行的,由137Cs最大值法,这六个站位的平均沉积速率分别为1.14cm/a?1.56cm/a?0.82cm/a?0.75cm/a?1.26cm/a?1.66cm/a,由137Cs最大值法得出的平均沉积速率其精确度与可信度要好于137Cs起始值得出的平均沉积速率?与210Pb法所得的结果符合的很好?137Cs起始值层位与预期值偏离的大小可以为我们提供有关该站位沉积环境?扰动作用强弱的信息?在应用137Cs剖面估算沉积速率时,还要注意沉积结构变化的影响?     

Land rights in conservation areas in Tanzania

Conflicts arise increasingly in Tanzania which involve claims in land located in conservation areas. These conflicts arise, in many cases, between members of the local communities and the state authorities in charge of the conservation areas. They concern customary land rights both of pastoral and of agricultural communities, a topic which also touches upon their identities. The article investigates the legal dimension of these disputes by discussing the law governing conservation areas in the wider context of land tenure legislation. Within this context, the legal framework of conservation areas is discussed from both historical and contemporary perspectives. Nature conservation must respect the needs of the local population affected. It is therefore argued that concepts of community-based conservation should be developed further to work towards the goal of integrating nature conservation and the sustainable use of natural resources. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Changes in iron content in sphalerites in relation to structural conditions and localization of ores in Kholst deposit

A consistent, relatively rapid decrease in FeS molecular content of sphalerites at decreasing depth is recognizable in upper parts of this structurally controlled Pb-Zn ore deposit, as an expression of tectonic calm and continuity of the productive stages of the mineralization. Elsewhere, in the depths, abrupt changes in quantity of isomorphous iron in sphalerites, within a relatively short depth-span, signify intensive movements during deposition of the ore. Wherever the structures are bent and healed by early quartz sufficiently to retard circulation of the solutions and to promote their cooling, variations in the FeS content of sphalerite at different depths may be related to thermal “knickpoints” of the ascending solutions. Nonetheless, FeS molecular content of sphalerites is no clue to the temperature of their crystallization. There is no relationship between the depth at which sphalerite was formed and the isomorphous Cd or Mn in crystal structures of the mineral. — V.P. Sokoloff.