预制预应力混凝土拼装框架梁柱节点抗震性能研究

针对采用预应力钢筋进行干式连接的预制预应力混凝土拼装框架梁柱节点进行抗震性能研究。设计制作了一组节点试件,对其进行低周往复加载试验和数值分析,观测节点变形与破坏特征,得到试件梁端力－位移滞回曲线,分析节点承载力、耗能水平与变形能力。结果表明:通过接缝开合可在较小位移下控制构件的损伤程度,破坏模式以柱端牛腿压剪破坏为主;与现浇混凝土梁柱节点相比,该节点具有良好的变形能力和自复位特征,但是节点整体耗能能力较低;采用简化的基于多折线骨架曲线的本构模型可以对节点的力学性能进行简化等效模拟。     

部分预应力混凝土扁梁框架节点的拟静力试验研究

本文进行了四个部分预应力混凝土扁梁框架节点的拟静力试验研究。通过四个不同试件的试验研究分析了节点的变形能力、耗能能力、延性和刚度退化等抗震性能，同时分析了低周反复荷载作用下预应力混凝土框架节点的破坏机理。     

预应力混凝土渡槽抗震性能的试验研究

基于预应力混凝土渡槽的低周反复荷载试验,对其受力过程、破坏形态、滞回曲线、刚度退化、耗能能力等抗震性能进行了研究与分析。试验结果表明：预应力混凝土渡槽的破坏形态为弯剪破坏,滞回曲线在加载的初期阶段表现出一定的捏拢效应,滞回曲线总体呈明显的梭形,且较为丰满,耗能能力强,抗震性能优良;配筋合适的预应力混凝土渡槽在加载初期对裂缝控制具有良好的表现,渡槽整体具有良好的延性;在整个加载过程中,渡槽试件的刚度退化明显,刚度退化主要集中在开裂后至屈服这一阶段。     

机械连接预应力实心方桩承台节点抗震性能试验研究

预应力管桩在高烈度抗震设防地区已禁用,而普通钢筋混凝土方桩成本较高。首先针对卡扣式机械连接预应力混凝土实心方桩、PHC管桩和普通钢筋混凝土方桩与承台处的节点进行拟静力试验,并利用试验数据针对Park-Ang损伤模型进行了修正,进行了损伤指数分析。研究结果表明:预应力方桩比普通钢筋混凝土方桩的抗裂性能明显好,而预应力混凝土实心方桩承台节点耗能能力和延性低于预应力管桩和普通钢筋混凝土方桩;截桩施工导致桩端部损失部分预应力,相比较未截桩试件屈服荷载和极限荷载均减小,节点裂缝开展较早,损伤较未截桩试件严重;增配普通钢筋试件的滞回曲线比较饱满,水平承载能力和位移延性得到提升,节点抗震性能得到提升与改善;预应力混凝土实心方桩损伤前期较小,而一旦发生损伤后,损伤指数发展较快。     

Evaluation of performance of non‐invasive upgrade strategy for beam–column sub‐assemblages of poorly designed structures under seismic type loading

Beam–column sub‐assemblages are the one of the most vulnerable structural elements to the seismic loading and may lead to devastating consequences. In order to improve the performance of the poorly/under‐designed building structures to the critical loading scenarios, introduction of steel bracing at the RC beam–column joint is found to be one of the modern and implementable techniques. In the present work, a diagonal metallic single haunch/bracing system is introduced at the beam–column joints to provide an alternate load path and to protect the joint zone from extensive damage because of brittle shear failure. In this paper, an investigation is reported on the evaluation of tae influence of different parameters, such as angle of inclination, location of bracing and axial stiffness of the single steel bracing on improving the performance through altering the force transfer mechanism. Numerical investigations on the performance of the beam–column sub‐assemblages have been carried out under cyclic loading using non‐linear finite element analysis. Experimentally validated numerical models (both GLD and upgraded specimen) have been further used for evaluating the performance of various upgrade schemes. Cyclic behaviour of reinforcement, concrete modelling based on fracture energy, bond‐slip relations between concrete and steel reinforcement have been incorporated. The study also includes the numerical investigation of crack and failure patterns, ultimate load carrying capacity, load displacement hysteresis, energy dissipation and ductility. The findings of the present study would be helpful to the engineers to develop suitable, feasible and efficient upgrade schemes for poorly designed structures under seismic loading. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

钢筋混凝土核心筒体抗震性能试验研究

本文对两组五个钢筋混凝土核心筒试件进行了低周反复荷载试验，研究了不同轴压比和剪跨比的核心筒破坏机理、承载能力、延性和耗能能力等方面的抗震性能。结果表明，轴压比对核心筒的抗震性能有较大影响。     

抗动载预应力混凝土梁延性设计考虑

预应力混凝土梁设计截面时，除了考虑破坏强度以外，还应满足一定的延性要求。延性好的结构能以残余的塑性变形来吸收震动和爆炸荷载的巨大能量，这对人防工程建筑物来说是极为重要的。根据预应力混凝土受弯构件力学特性，探讨了影响预应力混凝土受弯构件曲率延性的一些主要因素，给出了在动载下设计预应力混凝土受弯构件的一些建议。     

木柱与钢筋混凝土梁柔性装配节点的非线性力学性能分析

为研究装配式木柱与钢筋混凝土混合结构梁柱柔性节点的非线性力学性能,设计一种木柱与钢筋混凝土混合结构装配节点.利用 ABAQUS软件建立有限元模型,并对节点模型进行单调加载荷载分析和低周反复加载分析,主要研究橡胶硬度和竖向荷载对装配节点的破坏特征、滞回曲线、骨架曲线、承载力及耗能能力等非线性力学性能的影响,并与相关文献对比,验证分析方法的可行性.结果表明:该柔性节点的主要破坏模式有柱脚受压屈曲、受拉抬起现象和橡胶压缩变形破坏.柔性装配节点的承载力、刚度、延性与其阻尼材料的硬度二者呈正比关系.随着阻尼材料硬度提高,可以有效限制柱体侧倾和柱脚抬起现象.当采用71HA 硬度的橡胶材料时其耗能能力较好.同时,竖向荷载对装配节点的阻尼比影响较大,增加竖向荷载可以有效提高该节点的黏滞阻尼比.     

预应力混凝土空间框架节点二维拟静力试验研究

采用拟静力试验方法对预应力混凝土和普通钢筋混凝土空间框架内节点进行了不同轴压比下单、双向循环加载的试验研究,得到不同加载方式下试件的滞回曲线。分析了各个试件的破坏形式、承载力、刚度、延性及耗能能力,通过比较和对滞回曲线的分析得出：双向水平荷载作用对构件耦合作用明显,构件存在扭转效应,构件的强度退化和刚度退化比单向荷载作用严重,节点的耗能能力降低。     

Modeling cyclic loading behavior of jointed precast concrete connections including effects of friction,tendon yielding and dampers

Reversed cyclic loading behavior of jointed precast prestressed concrete beam‐to‐column connections are computationally modeled and validated against full‐scale experimental results. Response simulations are performed with and without supplemental high force‐to‐volume (HF2V) energy dissipation devices. The experimental specimen is a three‐dimensional corner connection of a jointed precast concrete frame structure, utilizing unbonded post‐tensioned tendons consisting of high‐alloy, high‐strength thread‐bars. The joint region is armored, to avoid damage, by providing steel plates at the beam–column (rocking) contact points. The analytical model of the connection is developed to include modifications for the effects of changing connection behavior. These effects are friction within the prestressing system, yielding of the prestressing tendons, reduction or elimination of prestress attributable to prior tendon yield, and directional dependence caused by an asymmetrical prestress system. Particular attention is given to developing a robust model that can accommodate small reversals in the displacement loading. The model is extended to incorporate the effects of the HF2V energy dissipation devices and the associated flexibility from the elements that connect the devices to the structure. Although the model is applied to the use of HF2V (lead extrusion) energy dissipation devices, it is general and can accommodate any non‐linear rate‐dependent damper. The computational model is based almost entirely on rational mechanics and shows good agreement with the full‐scale experimental observations. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A study on using wide‐flange section web under out‐of‐plane flexure for passive energy dissipation

It is not common to purposely subject the web of wide‐flange or I‐sections to out‐of‐plane bending. However, yielding the web under this loading condition can be a stable source of energy dissipation as the transition at the corner from the web to the flanges is smooth and weld‐free; this prevents stress concentrations causing premature failure and eliminates uncertainties and imperfections associated with welding. Further, short segments of wide‐flange or I‐sections constitute a simple and inexpensive energy dissipating device as minimum manufacturing is required and leftovers not useful for other structural purposes can be re‐utilized. This paper proposes a new type of seismic damper in the form of braces based on yielding the web of short length segments of wide‐flange or I‐shaped steel sections under out‐of‐plane bending. The hysteretic behavior and ultimate energy dissipation capacity is investigated via component tests under cyclic loads. The experimental results indicate that the damping device has stable restoring force characteristics and a high energy dissipation capacity. Based on these results, a simple hysteretic model for predicting the load–displacement curve of the seismic damper is proposed, along with a procedure for predicting its ultimate energy dissipation capacity and anticipating its failure under arbitrarily applied cyclic loads. The procedure considers the influence of the loading path on the ultimate energy dissipation capacity. Finally, shaking table tests on half‐scale structures are conducted to further verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the new damper, and to assess the accuracy of the hysteretic model and the procedure for predicting its failure. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

混凝土核心筒的有限元模拟及若干参数的影响分析

运用ABAQUS分析软件,建立水平荷载作用下的钢筋混凝土核心筒有限元模型,进行非线性分析,并将分析结果与大比例试件的试验结果对比,对所采用的有限元模型加以验证。在此基础上,进行改变钢筋混凝土核心筒轴压比、高宽比和筒壁厚度的受力过程模拟分析,研究这些参数对筒体性能的影响。结果表明：随着轴压比的增大,筒体的破坏由受拉向受压破坏转变,筒体最大水平承载力经历先增加后减小的变化,延性变差;随着高宽比的增大,筒体破坏形态由剪切向弯曲破坏转变,延性增加,整体弯曲作用更加明显,最大底部剪力减小;随着壁厚的增大,试件破坏由截面压屈失稳向墙肢底部受弯破坏转变,墙肢破坏区域沿高度方向发展,耗能能力更强,承载力明显增大,变形能力显著增加。     

免拆超高性能混凝土模板钢筋混凝土柱抗震性能研究

为研究预制超高性能混凝土(UHPC)模板钢筋混凝土(RC)柱的抗震性能,并验证预制UHPC模板在往复荷载作用下是否发生剥离,考虑轴压比、剪跨比、箍筋间距和保护层厚度,设计制作6根免拆模板柱(PTC)和1根RC对比柱试件,对其进行拟静力试验,研究其破坏形态、滞回性能、变形和耗能能力以及强度和刚度退化规律等。结果表明,与加载方向垂直的预制UHPC模板大约在PTC试件峰值荷载的70%时发生剥离,与加载方向平行的预制UHPC模板在试件最终破坏时剥离;在剪跨比、轴压比和箍筋数量均分别相同的条件下,由UHPC模板加10 mm混凝土作为保护层的试件,其抗震性能相对较好,但其承载力和前期刚度略有减小。     

低周反复荷载下高性能混凝土震损框架的抗震性能

基于预应力与非预应力高性能混凝土震损框架的低周反复荷载试验，对其受力过程、破坏形态、滞回曲线、骨架曲线、恢复力模型、变形恢复能力、刚度退化、耗能能力等抗震性能进行较为深入的研究与分析。研究表明：高性能混凝土震损框架的抗震性能较震损前有明显的降低，但仍具有一定的抗震能力。     

Seismic performance of steel reinforced ultra high-strength concrete composite frame joints

To investigate the seismic performance of a composite frame comprised of steel reinforced ultra high-strength concrete (SRUHSC) columns and steel reinforced concrete (SRC) beams, six interior frame joint specimens were designed and tested under low cyclically lateral load. The effects of the axial load ratio and volumetric stirrup ratio were studied on the characteristics of the frame joint performance including crack pattern, failure mode, ductility, energy dissipation capacity, strength degradation and rigidity degradation. It was found that all joint specimens behaved in a ductile manner with flexural-shear failure in the joint core region while plastic hinges appeared at the beam ends. The ductility and energy absorption capacity of joints increased as the axial load ratio decreased and the volumetric stirrup ratio increased. The displacement ductility coefficient and equivalent damping coefficient of the joints fell between the corresponding coefficients of the steel reinforced concrete (SRC) frame joint and RC frame joint. The axial load ratio and volumetric stirrup ratio have less influence on the strength degradation and more influence on the stiffness degradation. The stiffness of the joint degrades more significantly for a low volumetric stirrup ratio and high axial load ratio. The characteristics obtained from the SRUHSC composite frame joint specimens with better seismic performance may be a useful reference in future engineering applications.     

Experimental and numerical study of a self‐centering prestressed concrete moment resisting frame connection with bolted web friction devices

The self‐centering prestressed concrete (SCPC) moment resisting frame (MRF) with web friction devices (WFDs) is a new type of structure that integrates advantages of post‐tensioned precast concrete MRFs and self‐centering steel MRFs. In this paper, the configuration of the connection and design guidelines are presented. To further reduce damage to the connection under cyclic loading and facilitate implementation in practice, several significant improvements are proposed and experimentally validated in this study, including the following: (i) the welded connection is replaced by the bolted connection; (ii) aluminum plates are used for friction instead of brass plates to reduce the material costs without decreasing the energy dissipation capacity; and (iii) post‐tensioned tendons at the corners of the beam are replaced by a bundle of tendons at the beam centroid in order to facilitate the field assembly. The resulting improvements of seismic performances are experimentally demonstrated by 10 cyclic tests of two full‐scale SCPC beam–column connections. Numerical simulation of the proposed connection is conducted using the Open System for Earthquake Engineering Simulation (OpenSees) to replicate the experimental results. Seismic behaviors are taken into account, such as the gap opening/closing at the beam–column interface, the self‐centering capacity, and the friction energy dissipation. Good agreement is observed between the numerical simulation and the test results. The proposed SCPC connection with bolted WFDs is demonstrated to have good performance when subjected to cyclic loading. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

考虑轴压比影响的预应力混凝土扁梁框架内节点抗震性能试验研究

通过3个不同轴压比的预应力混凝土扁梁框架内节点试件的低周反复荷载加载试验,对节点的破坏形态、滞回曲线、延性、耗能能力以及刚度退化等抗震性能进行了初步研究,并着重探讨了轴压比对预应力混凝土扁梁框架内节点抗震性能的影响规律.     

再生混凝土框架柱抗震性能试验研究

进行了再生粗骨料取代率分别为0%、50%、100%的3个再生混凝土框架柱低周反复荷载的对比试验,在相同轴压比、不同取代率的情况下,对普通混凝土与再生混凝土框架柱、再生混凝土框架柱之间不同取代率的破坏形态、滞回特性、延性性能、耗能特性等问题进行了对比分析。试验结果表明再生混凝土与普通混凝土框架柱的破坏过程相似,前者的滞回特性、延性和耗能均满足抗震要求,因此在有抗震设防要求地区的框架中采用再生混凝土是可行的,但再生混凝土较普通混凝土框架柱构件延性减小,耗能能力降低,不建议直接采用原有设计方法,需进行合理的构造加强措施。     

Seismic energy dissipation under variable amplitude loading for rectangular RC members in flexure

The energy dissipation characteristics of reinforced concrete members that exhibit both strength and stiffness deterioration under imposed displacement reversals were investigated. To do this, 24 symmetrically reinforced concrete rectangular specimens were tested under stable variable and random variable amplitude inelastic displacement cycles. Stable variable amplitude tests were employed to determine the low‐cycle fatigue behavior of specimens where the loading sequence was the major variable. A 2‐parameter fatigue model was developed in order to express the variation of the dissipated energy in displacement cycles with the cumulative hysteretic energy. This model was then used to predict the energy dissipation of test specimens subjected to random variable amplitude displacement cycles simulating severe seismic excitations. It has been demonstrated that the remaining energy dissipation capacity for the next displacement cycle was dependent on the relative relationship between the maximal displacement cycle and the energy dissipated along the completed displacement path. The plastic energy dissipation capacity of reinforced concrete members is both displacement path dependent and cumulative hysteretic energy dependent.     

混凝土柱-钢梁边节点的拟静力试验研究

通过拟静力试验,分别对节点核心区无箍筋、柱内核心区有钢筋网片和柱内有小型钢柱三种不同构造的混凝土柱-钢梁边节点的破坏特征、破坏机理以及抗震性能等进行了研究。研究结果表明:设置小型钢柱并在节点核心区内配置箍筋的节点具有较高的承载力和良好的耗能性能;节点配箍率对其极限荷载影响不大,但能影响试件在达到极限荷载后的延性。