贵州省普定县耕地土壤Se分布特征

硒是重要的生命元素之一,对普定县耕地土壤硒分布特征进行研究有利于当地合理有效的开发利用富硒土地资源。本文通过对研究区3613件表层土壤样品中全硒含量进行检测分析,发现硒在土壤中的分布特征表现为明显富集于表层土,表层土壤硒含量在不同类型的土壤中的特征为:紫色土＞黄壤＞石灰土＞水稻土,而在不同成土母岩的土壤中表现为:岩浆岩＞白云岩＞碎屑岩＞灰岩;土壤硒元素主要来源于成土母岩,硒在土壤中的分布则受到土壤性质的影响,主要影响因素为pH值、土壤有机质及土壤磷的含量;本文调查发现研究区富硒(0430 mg/kg)耕地面积为4574万亩,占全县耕地总面积的7505%。     

贵州安龙县耕地表层土壤营养元素地球化学特征

在安龙县耕地质量地球化学调查评价的基础上,通过对不同成土母岩、不同土壤类型和不同耕地地类表层土壤中有机质、N、P、K、Mn、B、Cu、Mo、Zn等营养元素进行分析研究。研究结果表明:(1)营养元素平均含量由高到低依次为:有机质＞K＞N＞Mn＞P＞Zn＞B＞Cu＞Mo,其中P、Mn、Mo、Cu、Zn平均含量高于贵州和全国背景值;有机质、N、B平均含量高于全国背景值、低于贵州背景值;K平均含量低于贵州和全国背景值。有机质、N、P、K、B 、Cu变异系数小于060,含量变化幅度相对较小; Mn、Mo、Zn变异系数在091110间,含量变化幅度相对较大。(2)不同成土母岩土壤表层营养元素中,有机质与N、B,N与B,Mn与Zn在 001 水平上显著正相关。P与K在 001 水平上显著负相关;Cu与有机质、N、B在 005 水平上显著负相关。(3)不同土壤类型营养元素主要呈微-弱富集或微-弱贫化,仅石灰土中Mn为中等富集、红壤中Cu为中等贫化。耕地表层土壤营养元素富集与贫化受成土母岩、土壤类型和耕地地类影响,成土母岩为主要影响因素。     

贵州省万山区耕地土壤硒元素分布特征与相关性分析

硒是环境中重要的生命元素,缺硒和硒过剩都将引起生物及人体的不良反应。本文以贵州省万山区耕地土壤为研究对象,通过系统采样及化验分析耕地土壤硒含量,结果发现万山区耕地土壤硒含量在005801 mg/kg,平均值为050 mg/kg,总体上达到富硒区标准,富硒土壤面积2278万亩,占万山区耕地总面积的7743%,硒元素高值区分布在万山区东部的熬寨乡。同时,对影响万山区耕地土壤硒元素含量的相关性进行研究,得知影响土壤硒含量的主要因素是成土母岩、土壤类型,土地利用方式,土壤硒含量只与Hg、Cd、Mo、SOM呈弱相关性,与其余元素均无相关性。本研究成果对万山区土地合理规划利用,富硒产业的科学发展具有重要价值。     

贵州省兴仁市富硒耕地土壤地球化学特征及来源分析

在贵州省兴仁市耕地质量地球化学调查评价基础上,研究了兴仁市耕地土壤中硒的地球化学特征、来源以及影响因素。结果表明,兴仁市耕地土壤硒的算术平均值为 042 mg/kg,背景值为 034 mg/kg,富硒耕地面积为 3145 万亩,占全县耕地面积的3402%;兴仁市耕地土壤中Se主要来源于成土母质,其中二叠系的煤系地层是高硒的主要来源;研究区土壤硒含量同时受土壤类型、土地利用方式、有机质含量、pH值影响。     

福建连江土壤硒元素地球化学特征及农作物含量分析

在连江县农业地质调查评价的基础上,系统地分析了土壤中硒元素含量的空间分布特征及其与成土母质、土壤类型和土地利用现状的关系及农作物含量特征。结果表明:研究区土壤硒含量均为0.280 mg/kg,耕地以足硒为主,面积占比70.20%,富硒耕地占16.43%;园地以富硒为主,面积占64.83%,足硒园地占30.95%。表层土壤硒含量主要受控于成土母质,耕地不同土壤类型硒含量有一定的差异,不同的土地利用现状分类土壤中硒含量差别较大;土壤硒含量与有机质、速效钾、碱解氮、硫、氧化铁、锰、钼、硼、铜、锌(p0.01)呈显著正相关,与酸碱度、氧化钙(p0.01)呈显著负相关。水稻糯米富硒效应较好,主要农作物安全性均很高。     

贵州省六枝特区土壤硒分布特征及评价研究

本次研究在贵州省耕地质量地球化学调查评价的基础上,结合本单位承担的调查项目,优选出硒资源潜力丰富的六枝特区耕地为研究对象,根据研究区富硒土壤划分根据《土地质量地球化学评价规范》(DZ/T 0295-2016)和贵州省富硒土壤评价分级标准(试行)”,采用多种地球化学分析测试方法对研究区进行了硒含量及分布特征评价,结合五种农作物硒含量分析结果,初步查明了研究区内基岩和各类土壤硒背景值,根据硒含量初步划定了区内不同富硒区范围,为富硒土壤资源的开发利用提供了参考依据。结果表明:研究区土壤硒含量值处于004753 mg/kg之间,平均含量054 mg/kg,总体接近背景值。研究区基岩硒含量值有一定差异,表现为二叠系上统含煤岩系中硒含量最高,平均值098 mg/kg,高于周缘耕地土壤硒含量,指示出该地层可能提供部分硒;侏罗系粘土岩分布区中硒含量最低,平均值020 mg/kg,低于区域耕地土壤硒含量。综合解读分析测试数据,初步圈定区内富硒土壤面积约7236万亩,占全区耕地面积的7379%,其中可开发面积约6729万亩,具有发展富硒产业的良好基础,本次研究对于调整区内富硒农作物种植结构、发展特优农作物种植,增加就业和脱贫攻坚战略目标具有重大意义。     

四川省沐川县北部土壤硒地球化学特征与成因探讨

通过对四川省沐川县北部土地质量地球化学调查,查明了工作区土壤Se的地球化学特征,并对其成因进行了初步研究。结果表明,工作区土壤Se含量范围为0.06×10-6~1.49×10-6,平均值为0.41×10-6,主要以富硒土壤为主,满足富硒土壤条件的土壤面积占工作区总面积的60%。不同成土母岩中土壤Se含量差异较大,趋于表层富集,成土母岩为香溪群的土壤中Se含量较高,且重金属含量低;不同土地利用类型中,林地土壤Se含量最高;不同土壤类型中Se含量差异较小。相关分析表明,土壤Se含量与有机质、Pb、As、Cd等呈显著正相关,不同成土母岩对Se含量与pH值的相关性影响较大,表明成土母岩、有机质、重金属元素是影响该区土壤中Se含量的主要因素。     

贵州镇远县耕地土壤中硒的分布特征及控制因素

依据镇远县耕地质量地球化学调查成果,对全县耕地表层土壤硒分布特征和控制因素进行了分析。结果显示:镇远县耕地土壤硒含量平均值为(0.64±0.56) mg/kg,富硒耕地硒含量平均值为(0.72±0.42) mg/kg,富硒耕地面积占总耕地面积的82.71%。全县耕地土壤硒含量受pH值、海拔、地形地貌、成土母岩、土壤类型和土地利用类型的影响,统计发现:偏酸性耕地、海拔800 m以下耕地、分布在槽沟和谷地的耕地、碳质岩系地层分布区耕地、粗骨土和红壤分布区、茶园和水田表层土壤均具有相对较高的硒含量。分析认为成土母岩是土壤硒的最重要来源,其对土壤中硒元素含量具有控制作用,尤以含碳硅质岩系最为明显,另外土壤有机质及pH值通过改变土壤理化性质深刻影响着硒的迁移及富集,进而影响土壤硒含量。     

土壤硒含量影响因素及富硒土地资源区划研究——以湖北恩施沙地为例

硒是人体必需的微量元素之一。为了研究土壤硒含量分布特征及其主要影响因素,并对富硒土地资源进行安全利用区划,本研究在恩施市沙地乡系统地采集并分析化验了199件表层土壤样,60件农作物样。分析了玉米籽实及对应的表层土壤中硒含量等地球化学参数的相关性,建立了玉米籽实硒元素吸收模型。结果表明：研究区表层土壤硒含量变化范围为019~1557 mg·kg-1,算术平均值为188 mg·kg-1,远超过湖北省及全国表层土壤硒含量水平,足硒、富硒土壤面积占研究区总面积的8443%;表层土壤硒含量分布受控于地质背景,不同地质背景的表层土壤硒含量分布存在较大差异,二叠系茅口组地层表层土壤硒含量显著高于其他地层分布区域;土壤有机碳含量及海拔高度是影响研究区表层土壤硒含量的重要因素;农作物硒含量变化范围较大,其中处于富硒水平的农作物所占比例最大,为4322%;研究区富硒土地面积和潜在富硒土地面积分别占研究区总面积的6533%和2312%。     

江西赣县清溪地区土壤硒地球化学特征和水稻根系土硒生物有效性影响因素

江西赣南地区是典型的硒缺乏地理分布区,但近年来研究成果表明该地区稻谷富硒率高,土壤与稻谷富硒存在不一致的原因尚不明确,探讨土壤和稻谷硒含量特征和土壤硒的生物有效性,对赣南地区富硒土地资源利用和富硒农产品开发具有重要意义。本文以赣县清溪地区为研究对象,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱/发射光谱(ICP-MS/OES)等方法测定了研究区1734件表层土壤、57组稻谷及配套根系土硒等元素含量及硒形态地球化学指标;系统分析了区内土壤硒含量和分布特征、稻谷硒含量特征,探讨了根系土硒生物有效性的影响因素。结果表明:研究区表层土壤以足硒、富硒区为主,土壤硒含量与成土母岩关系密切,不同成土母岩区土壤硒含量规律为:古生代变质岩中生代花岗岩新元古代变质岩中生代陆源碎屑岩新生代第四系。根系土硒含量均未达到富硒土壤标准,稻谷富硒率为64.91%,稻谷对土壤硒的富集能力强(富集系数20.05%),当根系土硒含量≥0.25mg/kg时,水稻富硒率高达70.83%,能够稳定产出优质富硒水稻。硒的赋存形态是影响土壤硒生物有效性的主要因素,土壤总硒含量较低时,水溶态、离子可交换态、碳酸盐结合态硒的占比高,从而提升了硒的生物有效性;有机质含量低,对硒吸附能力弱,也是硒生物有效性高的重要原因。本研究认为,赣县清溪地区富硒、足硒土壤开发利用时,综合考虑土壤硒含量、土壤理化指标、硒形态对土壤硒生物有效性的影响,有利于科学指导天然富硒土地划定和富硒水稻产业开发。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

NONMETALS DEPOSITS

正20141520 Bo Ying(Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment,MLR,Beijing 100037,China);Liu Chenglin Saline Spring Hydrochemical Characteristics and Indicators for Potassium Exploration in Southwestern and Northern Tarim Basin,Xinjiang(Acta Geoscientica Sinica,ISSN1006-3021,CN11-3474/P,34(5),2013,p.594-602,5 illus.,3 tables,28 refs.)     

MATHEMATICAL GEOLOGY

正20141243Chen Ge(Hangzhou Research Institute of Petroleum Geology,PetroChina,Hangzhou 310023,China);Si Chunsong Study on Sedimentary Numerical Simulation Method of Fan Delta Sand Body(Journal of Geology,     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20142599Chen Sanming(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Concealed Deposits Exploration,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin541004,China);He Yuzhou Block Model and Reserves Estimation of Panzhihua Iron Deposit Based on 3D Geological Modeling(Journal of Guilin University of Technology,ISSN1674-9057,CN45-1375/N,33(4),2013,p.610-615,9illus.,1table,15refs.)     

STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY

正20140594 Bai Daoyuan(Hunan Institute of Geology Survey,Changsha 410016,China);Zhong Xiang Faults in the Jingzhou Basin and Their Tectonic Settings(Geotectonica et Metallogenia,ISSN1001-1552,CN44-1595/P,37(2),2013,p.173-183,6illus.,59refs.)Key words:basin evolution,tectonic setting,South China In the Upper Paleozoic and Jurassic se-     

STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY

正20141912Cao Hui(State Key Laboratory for Continental Tectonics and Dynamics,Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China)Gravitational Collapse and Folding during Orogenesis:A Comparative Study of FIA Trends and Fold Axial Plane Traces(Geology in China,ISSN1000-3657,CN11-1167/P,40(6),2013,p.1818-1828,9illus.,35refs.,with