江西宜丰-德兴叠覆造山带的基本特征及其意义

宜丰—德兴一带存在新的一种造山带类型,称之为晋宁期—加里东期宜丰-德兴叠覆型造山带,总体呈半月形舌状展布,是经北南双向多期碰撞叠覆的隐伏-半隐伏型造山带。经对多个出露于造山带内的构造岩片进行时态、位态、相态的研究与恢复,建立了该造山带的结构样式和构造演化序列,具有3层结构模式。分别由代表中新元古代华南洋的残迹蛇绿混杂岩、扬子陆缘弧前盆地火山-沉积变质岩系、下南华统次深海相沉积的浅变质岩片与怀玉—广丰地区青白口纪晚期—早古生代沉积的下南华统浅变质岩片组成。造山带两侧的宜丰-景德镇与德兴-弋阳推覆带是中国重要的铜、金多金属矿集区,伏于变质岩之下的晚古生代煤系地层有巨大的找煤潜力。     

皖南晚元古代碰撞造山带构造轮廊

本文从浅变质岩系与震旦系休宁组底砾岩之间的角度不整合以及这一构造面之下浅变质岩的大量同位素测龄成果资料和晚元古代花岗闪长岩、花岗岩带的形成等地质事实，论证了江南古陆晚元古代造山作用。提出皖南地区晚元古代造山运动经历了早期俯冲和晚期碰撞两个阶段，晚期碰撞造带可以划分为羊栈岭前陆褶冲带、障公山构造混杂岩带、白际岭岛弧仰冲带三个构造单元和若干个次级单元。     

东帕米尔变质核杂岩构造的厘定

卡拉库鲁木变质核杂岩是慕土塔格岩体的南缘部分，由长城系片麻岩以及燕山期花岗岩组成，其中长城系片麻岩为一套低角闪岩相的变质侵入岩，主要岩性为（石榴石）黑云二长片麻岩、（石榴石）黑云斜长片麻岩；根据变形程度，将其划分为内带、中带及外带，其中在内带见有燕山期花岗岩。剥离断层沿变质核杂岩边缘呈向南凸出的弧形展布。剥离断层上盘滑脱体由长城系赛图拉岩群高绿片岩－低角闪岩相的变质岩系构成。变质核杂岩构造的形成时代为早－中侏罗世。     

墨脱县幅地质调查新成果及主要进展

在传统的冈底斯岩浆弧中新发现一条时代为晚三叠世的迫龙藏布蛇绿混杂岩带，并查明中侏罗世杂色砾岩角度不整合覆盖在该蛇绿混杂岩带两侧的地层之上，表明冈底斯岩浆弧中有一条印支晚期叠合的缝合带。查证了雅鲁藏布江蛇绿混杂岩带的空间展布和物质组成。雅鲁藏布江缝合带在研究区主要表现为蛇绿混杂岩，呈向NE凸的倒U字型连续分布于南迦巴瓦变质岩系和冈底斯岩浆弧之间，主要由变质的超镁铁质侵入岩、辉绿一辉长岩、玄武岩和硅质岩组成。该岩石经历了强烈的剪切变形和糜棱岩化作用，主期韧性剪切的性质为伸展拆离，变玄武岩的地球化学特征同日喀则地区蛇绿岩中的玄武岩基本相同。将南迦巴瓦岩群解体，厘定了该岩群原岩及变质峰期的时代。     

塔藏构造混杂岩带特征

运用大陆造山带构造岩片填图方法，首次对九寨沟塔藏构造带进行了系统研究。认为塔藏构造带为-构造混杂岩带。其南北边界断裂清楚，北界为牙扎沟断裂，呈北西-南东向展布；南界为荷叶断裂，也呈北西-南东向展布，边界断裂内部为塔藏构造混杂岩带，呈北西-南东向延伸长16-24km，宽7-8km，由上古生界与三叠系的多个大小不同，形态各异的构造岩片（或岩块）混杂堆积组成，与塔藏岩组砂板岩呈断层接触，总体表现为块体之间无序，块内有序，微观变形特征清楚，三维有限应变测量显示为北东-南西向，近南北向两个方向压缩，结合测区构造地质环境分析有4期变形。     

西大别南缘印支期吕王-高桥-永佳河构造混杂岩带的厘定及其构造意义

在西大别造山带的区调工作中,新识别出一系列中元古代末-新元古代的岩石-构造单元,它们沿着吕王-高桥-永佳河一线展布,并构成一条NNW-SEE向展布的构造混杂岩带.该混杂岩带主要由超镁铁质-镁铁质岩、硅泥质岩、石英质岩、大理岩、含碳陆源碎屑岩、双峰式火山岩以及卷入其中的榴辉岩等多种变质岩块(片)共同组成,并赋存于一套遭受了强烈剪切变形的泥质片岩之中.混杂岩带内各岩块(片)的原岩年龄跨度较大(>4亿年),分别集中在1 200~1 100 Ma和800~700 Ma之间.锆石记录的变质年龄和云母的冷却年龄则主要集中在240~200 Ma之间.结合接触关系、岩性组合、年代学及地球化学数据的综合研究认为,混杂岩带的物质来源既包括中元古代末-新元古代早期的弧-弧后盆地系统的沉积岩-火山岩-侵入岩;也包括叠置其上的新元古代中-晚期大陆裂解期的沉积岩-火成岩.这些不同时代、不同性质岩石在三叠纪不同程度地卷入了华南陆块北缘向华北陆块之下的俯冲,而后快速折返,最终沿着区域上折返断裂(桃花-七角山断裂)就位于西大别造山带之中,形成一条包含高压-超高压变质岩的三叠纪构造混杂岩带.混杂岩带内新厘定的中元古代末弧-弧后岩浆-沉积事件,可与大洪山-黄陵庙湾同时期的地质事件对比,它们共同揭示扬子北缘曾经存在一条中元古代末-新元古代早期的俯冲岩浆带.      

墨脱县幅地质调查新成果及主要进展

在传统的冈底斯岩浆弧中新发现一条时代为晚三叠世的迫龙藏布蛇绿混杂岩带,并查明中侏罗世杂色砾岩角度不整合覆盖在该蛇绿混杂岩带两侧的地层之上,表明冈底斯岩浆弧中有一条印支晚期叠合的缝合带.查证了雅鲁藏布江蛇绿混杂岩带的空间展布和物质组成.雅鲁藏布江缝合带在研究区主要表现为蛇绿混杂岩,呈向NE凸的倒U字型连续分布于南迦巴瓦变质岩系和冈底斯岩浆弧之间,主要由变质的超镁铁质侵入岩、辉绿-辉长岩、玄武岩和硅质岩组成.该岩石经历了强烈的剪切变形和糜棱岩化作用,主期韧性剪切的性质为伸展拆离,变玄武岩的地球化学特征同日喀则地区蛇绿岩中的玄武岩基本相同.将南迦巴瓦岩群解体,厘定了该岩群原岩及变质峰期的时代.     

北阿尔金红柳沟-拉配泉构造混杂岩带东段的结构、构造

红柳沟-拉配泉蛇绿混杂岩带是阿尔金北部早古生代重要的板块构造边界,带内物质组成复杂,构造形迹发育,区内岩浆活动频繁,是开展板块俯冲边界特征、构造演化过程及区域构造格架再造等方面研究的重要场所。北阿尔金安南坝一带1:5万地质调查工作对红柳沟-拉配泉构造混杂岩带进行了构造-岩性填图,全面揭示了红柳沟-拉配泉蛇绿混杂岩带空间展布、物质组成、结构-构造特征。结合典型构造剖面及构造变形研究,对阿尔金早古生代构造过程及区域构造演化进行了探讨,为全面认识构造混杂岩带的结构、构造提供了可借鉴的工作经验。     

大陆造山带区调填图中几个地质问题及其研究方法探讨

对我国区调填图工作历程与现状进行概述基础上,对造山带的主要特点,构造岩片的含义,构造岩片填图法的理论依据、基本工作程序及实施要点作了论述;对造山带中常见的"混杂岩"、强烈构造变形变质的层状变质岩、穹隆状变质地质体的主要特征、产出的地质构造条件及其成因机制等进行了较全面总结和分析;建议将"混杂岩"和"穹隆状变质地质体"分别划分为蛇绿混杂岩、火山混杂岩、滑积混杂岩、构造混杂岩和变质核杂岩、花岗岩底辟穹隆(岩浆核杂岩)、片麻岩穹隆、构造穹隆等类型。     

克拉麦里—塔克札勒—大黑山超镁铁岩岩石化学特征及其形成环境

1 蛇绿混杂岩带主要地质特征 克拉麦里—塔克札勒—大黑山蛇绿混杂岩带规模宏大，西起克拉麦里清水泉，向东经南明水、巴里坤塔克札勒，伊吾大黑山，延出境外与蒙古佐林蛇绿混杂岩带相接。新疆境内长400 km，宽5(15 km，呈NWW向展布。该蛇绿混杂岩带受克拉麦里—塔克札勒断裂控制，带内多为冲断片组成的叠瓦构造，导致洋壳残片以构造包体形式赋存在基质(围岩)中，基质是蛇绿混杂岩带的主体。代表洋壳的构造包体由变质橄榄岩、堆积橄榄岩及辉长岩、斜长花岗岩、石英闪长岩、基性熔岩及放射虫硅质岩等组成。辉绿岩群极少出现，是该蛇绿岩组…     

陕西安康马岭关杂岩的岩性变化特征

研究区位于扬子板块与秦岭造山带的结合部位,是南秦岭造山带的重要组成部分,为查明马岭关杂岩的岩性组合特征、空间分布、产出形态、地层叠覆关系以及遭受构造变形改造情况,本次选取具有代表性的变质基性和中酸性火山岩的杂岩剖面进行岩石学特征的系统研究,将马岭关杂岩进一步划分为变质(中)酸性火山-碎屑岩岩片、变质基性(—超基性)岩岩片和变质碳酸盐岩岩片等3个非正式段级构造—岩石地层单位.     

华北克拉通北缘东段“开原岩群”的解体及重新认识

根据近年来的同位素年代学资料,对分布于辽北地区的一套构造变质岩系（"开原岩群"或"清河镇岩群"）进行了重新认识和划分,并将其重新定义为清河构造混杂岩,由中太古代、新太古代、中元古代、新元古代、二叠纪等不同时代、不同构造环境的地质体组成.其中,中太古代、新太古代、中元古代岩石来自华北克拉通,而新元古代、二叠纪岩石则来自兴蒙造山带.将原沈家堡子岩组重新划分为新太古代变质表壳岩和中-新太古代变质深成岩,原板石沟岩组（或芦家堡子岩组）厘定为中元古代石门岩组,原照北山岩组重新划分为新元古代南平岩片和晚二叠世照北山岩组,将原佟家屯岩组和尖山子火山岩合并为晚二叠世佟家屯岩组.最后,提出了清河构造混杂岩带为华北克拉通与兴蒙造山带的界线以及古亚洲洋在华北板块北缘东段的最终闭合时间为中三叠世早期（约245Ma）的认识.     

大别山超高压变质带的构造背景

大别山南部的超高压变质带具有特征的榴辉岩相矿物组合，榴辉岩的岩石化学及稀土元素特征及其伴生的岩石组合，表明这个带是以陆壳成分为主混有少量上地幔及洋壳成分的混杂岩，榴辉岩相围岩和大别群具有不同的变质和变形特征。超高压变质带形成于扬子和中朝板块大陆碰撞的构造环境，是扬子板块陆壳向北俯冲到一定深度的变质产物。     

Carboniferous geology and paleogeography of the USSR

A combination of geological and isotopic-geochronological (K/Ar, ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar, U-Pb-zircon methods) studies indicates that high-pressure-low-(in part, intermediate) temperature metamorphic rocks of both coherent complexes and inclusions in serpentinite melange were formed during Cretaceous and possibly to a small extent during Paleogene time. The original rocks are mostly of Jurassic and Cretaceous age. Pre-Jurassic metamorphic rocks have not been found within the complexes investigated. The metamorphic histories of many Cuban eclogites and garnet amphibolites were complex, but nevertheless reflect only a single Laramide tectono-metamorphic cycle. The discovery that the high-pressure meta-morphic rocks of Cuba are young confirms that major lateral displacement of crustal masses played a very important role in the structural development of the island.     

西昆仑塔什库尔干混杂岩的地质特征及其大地构造意义

西昆仑塔什库尔干构造混杂岩带由古元古代基底岩片、震旦纪大陆板内裂谷玄武岩岩片、奥陶纪-志留纪复理石岩片、石炭纪-二叠纪火山弧岩片及高压变质岩片组成.根据高压变质、残余洋盆及岩浆孤的形成时闯进行综合判断,混杂岩带形成于早古生代.该混杂岩带的发现对于确立康西瓦断裂带的性质和认识西昆仑地区的大地构造演化历史具有重要意义.进一步表明西昆仑地区在早古生代曾发生过板块俯冲和碰撞,并暗示麻扎-康西瓦断裂可能代表了原特提斯洋-古特提斯洋俯冲消减并最终闭合的界线.     

Mode of occurrence and significance of jadeite in the Kamuikotan metamorphic rocks, Hokkaido, Japan

Abstract In the Kamuikotan zone, jadeite occurs in pelitic rocks, in metaplagiogranites, in veins in amphibolites and mafic sedimentary rocks, and in jadeite-albite rocks. In the first and second types, jadeite is associated with quartz, and is often in direct contact with it. However, such rock-types never occur as part of the coherent metamorphic sequence, but are found only as exotic blocks enclosed in serpentinite. Thus, jadeite + quartz-bearing assemblages are not regarded as representative of the Kamuikotan metamorphism. Lawsonite and aragonite, however, commonly do occur in the Kamuikotan metamorphic rocks, and this metamorphism belongs to a subfacies of the lawsonite-albite facies, in which aragonite is stable. The serpentinite matrix which carried jadeite + quartz-bearing pelites and metaplagiogranites into the metamorphic sequence is interpreted as a tectonic rather than a sedimentary melange.     

Blueschist ophiolites in the melange zone,northern New Caledonia

A regional melange zone, 150 km long and 30 km wide, forms the southern boundary and structural capping to a high-pressure blueschist belt in northern New Caledonia. The disrupted country rocks in the melange zone are Mesozoic metagrey-wackes and Eocene chert-limestone sequences which have been penetrated from below by tectonically-injected ophiolite slivers containing metamorphosed serpentinite, gabbro, dolerite, basalt, tuff, chert and shale. An ocean crust origin for these rocks is indicated by chemical, mineralogical and radiometric data from coastal outcrops at Anse Ponandou on the northeast coast. The age (41 m.y.), metamorphic environment (350 ° C at 7 kb), and mineral association (acmitic jadeite-riebeckite-pyropic spessartine-pistacitic epidote-lawsonite-high Si phengite) are significantly different from those of the adjacent regional high-pressure schist belt, indicating a separate structural site for blueschist metamorphism of buried ophiolitic ocean crust during early Tertiary orogenesis.     

蓝田构造窗

蓝田构造窗位于安徽省南部上溪辟(相当于板溪群)中。组成构造窗的地层为震旦系和部分下古生界,它们以断层与周围浅变质岩接触。浅变质岩包括构造混杂岩、复理石浊积岩、钙碱性火山岩和相应的沉积岩以及前震旦纪碎屑岩四种岩石单位,它们是不同构造背景下的产物,在扬子板块与华南板块碰撞造山过程中聚集到一起的。据此可识别出,以往所说的蓝田盆地实际上是一个构造窗。     

Carbonate and silicate-carbonate injection complexes in collision systems: The West Baikal region as an example

Two types of carbonate and carbonate-silicate rocks: synmetamorphic marble melange and veined bodies in amphibolites, gabbroic rocks, and syenites are recognized in the Early Paleozoic Ol’khon collision system in the West Baikal region. The marble melange is characterized by the various size of the fragments of the mafic granulite, gneisses, metagabbros, and granites. It is suggested that the melange was injected into the silicate matrix as a result of a ductile flow. The calcite, dolomite, and carbonate-silicate rocks are characterized by their massive and fine-grained texture. They are often associated with coeval granite and dolerite dikes and occasionally reveal indications of carbonate-silicate mingling. It is suggested that carbonate and carbonate-silicate rocks were injected at late stages of the synmetamorphic tectogenesis. In isotopic composition, geochemistry, and mineralogy, these carbonate rocks differ from mantle carbonatites, and their origin is most likely related to the melting of carbonate rocks in the lower crust in the presence of aqueous fluid according to the model proposed by Lentz [29]. The shearing facilitated drainage of the lower crust and the upper mantle and made it possible to inject carbonate material to the upper level as a melt and a ductile mixture along with crustal granitic and mantle-derived basic melts. The injection carbonate rocks have been described from other metamorphic complexes, e.g., in the Caledonides of Norway and in the Himalayan collision system.     

High-pressure schists in Northern New Caledonia

Regional high-pressure metamorphism in the Oligocene-lowermost Miocene (38-21 m.y. before present) produced a schist belt measuring 170×25 km adjacent to a thrust (melange) zone along the northeast margin of New Caledonia. The parent rocks were trench sediments with coeval basic and acid volcanics of Cretaceous-Eocene age in a sequence about 20 km thick. Tectonic events covering the same time span included westwards obduction of the great southern basalt-gabbro-peridotite massif which had no causative relationship with high-pressure metamorphism; eastwards-directed low-angle thrusts in the northern part of the Permian-Mesozoic sialic basement, originating along the melange zone, developed a thick stack of metagreywacke schuppen which capped the high-pressure metamorphic pile. Thus, while the site for sedimentation and metamorphism was an active trench in a northeasterly (oceanward) dipping convergence zone, the adjacent upper oceanic plate apparently was not directly involved in the metamorphic setting. Regional high-pressure assemblages are defined with reference to isograds for paraschist lawsonite, epidote and Ca-amphibole in a continuous progression from lawsonite-albite facies through glaucophanitic greenschists to eclogitic albite-epidote amphibolites.