生石灰改良膨胀土的试验研究：以宁连一级公路六合段为例

文章以宁连公路六合段膨胀土路堤填料为例，阐述了用生石灰改良膨胀土的试验方法和改良效果。     

膨胀土-胶粉（ESR）强度特性室内试验研究

膨胀土是一种特殊的区域性黏土,在我国分布非常广泛,所引起的灾害问题也日益突出。为了提高资源的循环利用,减少膨胀土灾害潜在的影响,笔者进行一系列用废弃轮胎胶粉改良膨胀土的探索。主要是通过室内无侧限抗压强度试验,研究膨胀土及膨胀土 胶粉（expansive soil rubber,简称ESR）强度特性,进一步分析胶粉含量、含水率等因素对无侧限抗压强度的影响,根据试验结果总结出胶粉改良膨胀土无侧限抗压强度的最佳含量为20％,同时证明了废弃轮胎胶粉改良膨胀土具有良好的效果,从而为膨胀土改良开拓一个新的方法。     

冻融循环下钢渣粉水泥改良膨胀土室内试验研究

膨胀土遇水膨胀失水收缩,是一种不良的工程地质土体。本文采用水泥、钢渣粉和NaOH改良膨胀土,对其经受不同冻融循环作用次数的冻融循环试验,并将冻融试验后的改良膨胀土及未改良膨胀土进行体积、自由膨胀率、无侧限抗压强度等物理力学性质测试,同时进行微观电镜扫描分析,研究冻融循环作用下钢渣粉水泥改良膨胀土的物理力学特性变化规律。试验结果表明,在冻融循环作用下,改良后的膨胀土与未改良膨胀土相比,体积变化率明显降低。随养护龄期的增长,改良后的膨胀土在冻融循环作用下体积膨胀变小,随冻融循环次数的增加,体积变化率趋于平稳,自由膨胀率降低。冻融循环作用下,钢渣粉水泥改良膨胀土(ES-SSP-C)试样的无荷膨胀率较低,改良后的膨胀土较未改良膨胀土具有较好的抗膨胀性能,掺NaOH活性激发剂的钢渣粉水泥改良膨胀土(ES-SSP-C-SH)抗膨胀性能效果最为明显。     

ISS对不同初始含水率膨胀土的改良效果研究

离子固化剂(ISS)对膨胀土改良后,膨胀土稳定性会改善。为了分析研究不同初始含水率的膨胀土经过ISS改良效果,进行了膨胀土改良前后的剪切试验、界限含水率试验和自由膨胀率试验。通过改良前、后土体的抗剪强度、塑限、液限、塑限指数、自由膨胀率的变化规律研究,得出膨胀土的初始含水率在11%～30%区间时,改良后土体的膨胀性得到了消除,抗剪强度得到了明显提高; 初始含水率不在11%～30%区间时土样改良后仍具有一定膨胀性,抗剪强度提高不明显。这是因为,当膨胀土烘干时,靠毛细吸力吸附的固化剂量不能与所有黏土颗粒进行反应; 当膨胀土饱和时,靠溶液渗透到膨胀土表面的固化剂也不能与所有黏土颗粒进行反应。该试验结果对膨胀土现场改良时含水率的确定具有重要的指导意义。     

生石灰膨胀特性的试验研究

用生石灰处理软弱地基是工程中最常用的手段,生石灰膨胀量的计算是核心问题。为了研究生石灰的膨胀特性,以生石灰和生石灰与水泥的混合料为试样,考虑了磨细度、配合比及约束力等影响因素,进行室内试验,得到了生石灰的膨胀规律,即不论其他影响因素如何变化,生石灰体积膨胀系数 与约束力 总有如下数学关系： ,此关系由试验得出。用于地基处理时,膨胀系数 取决于地基土侧压力系数 、重度 以及深度 ,其关系为： ,该公式可为与生石灰有关的地基处理问题提供更可靠和准确的计算依据。     

南水北调中线河北段膨胀土特性及改性试验研究

本文通过对南水北调中线总干渠河北段穿越地带膨胀岩土的勘查研究,总结了该区膨胀岩土成因、成分及结构特征,对其胀缩特性以及相关因素进行了分析探讨,并提出了其对南水北调中线工程不良地质现象的防治措施。阐述了用生石灰改良本区膨胀岩土的试验方法和效果。     

掺粉煤灰-石灰对膨胀土胀缩性的影响试验研究

本文探讨利用粉煤灰、石灰-粉煤灰作为添加剂改良合肥膨胀土的可行性与改良效果。试验研究了粉煤灰、石灰-粉煤灰掺合物对膨胀土的胀缩性的影响以及养护作用对改良膨胀土胀缩性的影响。研究结果表明,随着掺灰率的增加,膨胀土的自由膨胀率、膨胀量、膨胀力与线缩率呈减小趋势,这说明掺粉煤灰可有效降低膨胀土的胀缩性。经过一定龄期养护后的击实样的膨胀试验结果表明,随着养护龄期的加长,膨胀土的膨胀量与膨胀力都有一定降低。     

膨胀土与红黏土石灰改性对比试验研究

为探讨石灰改性膨胀土与红黏土的强度发展规律,以生石灰与消石灰改性的南阳膨胀土与郴州红黏土为研究对象,进行了无侧限抗压、固结快速直剪和固结压缩试验的对比研究。研究发现：在1 a养生龄期内,石灰改性的南阳膨胀土与郴州红黏土无侧限抗压强度与养生龄期的对数基本呈线性关系;按大于最佳含水率3%制样的强度在养生28 d以后高于按最佳含水率制样;生石灰改性效果比消石灰改性效果好,由于矿物成分不同,石灰改性南阳膨胀土的效果比石灰改性郴州红黏土好     

使用CTMAB改良剂改良天然膨胀土的试验研究

CTMAB是一种新型的有机阳离子表面活性剂,采用CTMAB对天然膨胀土进行了化学改良试验研究,探讨了其改良机制和改良效果。试验结果表明：经过改良剂改良后的膨胀土与原状土相比,其塑性和膨胀性得到了明显降低,水稳定性有了显著提高,在经过不同次数的反复溶漓后,土样仍具有一定的强度。说明了CTMAB对膨胀土的工程性质有一定的改善作用。该成果已申请获得了国家发明专利。     

用生石灰改良软质建筑残土

在对软质粘性土进行有效的处理方法中，一般采用固结化增加强度，采用化学方法进行处理。在含水高的有明粘土中通常要采用生石灰处理。由于生石灰遇水发热，膨胀而使含水量降低２，同时通过生石灰与粘土的二氧化硅、氧化铝等成分反应，而使粘土发生凝硬反应，从而提高改良效果。     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

NONMETALS DEPOSITS

正20141520 Bo Ying(Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment,MLR,Beijing 100037,China);Liu Chenglin Saline Spring Hydrochemical Characteristics and Indicators for Potassium Exploration in Southwestern and Northern Tarim Basin,Xinjiang(Acta Geoscientica Sinica,ISSN1006-3021,CN11-3474/P,34(5),2013,p.594-602,5 illus.,3 tables,28 refs.)     

MATHEMATICAL GEOLOGY

正20141243Chen Ge(Hangzhou Research Institute of Petroleum Geology,PetroChina,Hangzhou 310023,China);Si Chunsong Study on Sedimentary Numerical Simulation Method of Fan Delta Sand Body(Journal of Geology,     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20142599Chen Sanming(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Concealed Deposits Exploration,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin541004,China);He Yuzhou Block Model and Reserves Estimation of Panzhihua Iron Deposit Based on 3D Geological Modeling(Journal of Guilin University of Technology,ISSN1674-9057,CN45-1375/N,33(4),2013,p.610-615,9illus.,1table,15refs.)     

STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY

正20140594 Bai Daoyuan(Hunan Institute of Geology Survey,Changsha 410016,China);Zhong Xiang Faults in the Jingzhou Basin and Their Tectonic Settings(Geotectonica et Metallogenia,ISSN1001-1552,CN44-1595/P,37(2),2013,p.173-183,6illus.,59refs.)Key words:basin evolution,tectonic setting,South China In the Upper Paleozoic and Jurassic se-     

STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY

正20141912Cao Hui(State Key Laboratory for Continental Tectonics and Dynamics,Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China)Gravitational Collapse and Folding during Orogenesis:A Comparative Study of FIA Trends and Fold Axial Plane Traces(Geology in China,ISSN1000-3657,CN11-1167/P,40(6),2013,p.1818-1828,9illus.,35refs.,with     

PALEOZOOLOGY

正20141609 Chen Guiying(College of Earth Sciences,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin 541004,China);Han Nairen New Materials of Stylophora from the Upper Cambrian of the Jingxi Area,Guangxi,South China(Acta Palaeontologica Sinica,ISSN0001-6616,CN32-1188Q,52(3),2013,p.288-293,2 illus.,12 refs.)Key words:Stylophora,Guangxi     

GEOPHYSICS

正20140634 Cao Lingmin(Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and Environment,Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China);Xu Yi Finite Difference Tomography of the Crustal Velocity Structure in Tengchong,Yunnan Province(Chinese Journal of Geophysics,ISSN0001-5733,CN11-2074/P,56(4),2013,p.1159-1167,6illus.,35refs.,with English abstract)