陇东地区上三叠统延长组早中期物源分析与沉积体系

利用轻重矿物组合特征、古水流方向、砂岩岩石学特征、水下分流河道砂体空间展布及沉积构造特征等,对鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区上三叠统延长组长8-长6油层组母岩类型、物源方向以及沉积体系进行研究。古流向参数表明,延长组沉积时期,沉积物从盆地边部向中心搬运。根据轻重矿物组合划分出3个主要物源方向,即西、西南和东北方向。此外,根据古流向判断有南部的次要物源。母岩是盆地周缘的前寒武系石英岩、中基性、中酸性火山岩、变质岩和古生界的浅变质岩、碳酸盐岩和砂砾岩。陇东地区上三叠统延长组长8-长6油层组沉积体系划分为:北东向吴旗-华池三角洲沉积体系和西部环县扇三角洲沉积体系,西南部镇原-泾川辫状河三角洲沉积体系和南部合水-固城川浊积扇沉积体系。在沉积体系划分的基础上,详细阐述了不同沉积体系的岩石学特征、砂体形态和沉积构造及各沉积体系的演化过程。      

鄂尔多斯盆地西南部上三叠统延长组长8、长6油层组 的沉积体系与物源方向

野外露头剖面的岩石学与岩相组合,沉积特征与相标志,古流向测定,室内砂岩的骨架矿物、重矿物组合及其平面分布规律的研究结果表明：鄂尔多斯盆地西南部上三叠统延长组长8油层组是以线状或点状物源为特征的一套近源快速堆积的冲积扇与扇三角洲沉积体系,形成于盆地由快速拗陷转入逆冲负荷沉降期间。长8沉积期盆地西南部的古水流与物源主要来自盆地西南方向,其次为西北和东南方向。长6油层组沉积期,盆地内部底床下沉作用减缓,湖盆开始收缩,湖盆西岸除北部有少量扇三角洲沉积外,主要为辫状河三角洲沉积：而盆地东北部与东部的沉积作用大大加强,致使在盆地东部形成一系列大型曲流河三角洲沉积体系,至盆地西南部相变为半深湖-深湖相与浊流相沉积。长6沉积期古水流除来自西南、西北和东南方向外．还有来自北东和正东方向的次要物源,它们在盆地西南部悦乐-玄马-板桥-固城-合水-带汇合,使该地带成为混合物源区。     

鄂尔多斯盆地西南部上三叠统延长组长8、长6油层组的沉积体系与物源方向

野外露头剖面的岩石学与岩相组合,沉积特征与相标志,古流向测定,室内砂岩的骨架矿物、重矿物组合及其平面分布规律的研究结果表明：鄂尔多斯盆地西南部上三叠统延长组长8油层组是以线状或点状物源为特征的一套近源快速堆积的冲积扇与扇三角洲沉积体系,形成于盆地由快速拗陷转入逆冲负荷沉降期间。长8沉积期盆地西南部的古水流与物源主要来自盆地西南方向,其次为西北和东南方向。长6油层组沉积期,盆地内部底床下沉作用减缓,湖盆开始收缩,湖盆西岸除北部有少量扇三角洲沉积外,主要为辫状河三角洲沉积：而盆地东北部与东部的沉积作用大大加强,致使在盆地东部形成一系列大型曲流河三角洲沉积体系,至盆地西南部相变为半深湖-深湖相与浊流相沉积。长6沉积期古水流除来自西南、西北和东南方向外．还有来自北东和正东方向的次要物源,它们在盆地西南部悦乐-玄马-板桥-固城-合水-带汇合,使该地带成为混合物源区。     

鄂尔多斯盆地延长组长7沉积期物源分析及母岩类型研究

通过对鄂尔多斯盆地延长组长7砂岩的类型、轻重矿物特征、重矿物聚类分析及泥岩的地化特征研究,并结合盆地周边源区露头剖面的岩性组合资料,讨论了长7沉积期的物源方向,恢复各源区母岩性质。经研究表明:鄂尔多斯盆地长7沉积期存在五个方向物源,东北、西南为主要的物源方向,西北、南部作为次要物源方向;其中东北源区母岩以中基性岩浆岩、高级变质岩为主,西南源区母岩以白云岩、浅变质岩为主,西北源区母岩以沉积岩为主,浅变质岩次之,南部源区母岩以含灰岩、碎屑岩为主,浅变质岩次之;另外经讨论证实西部存在局限的物源供给区,母岩主要为白云岩。     

鄂尔多斯盆地南部晚三叠世物源分析

本文通过对鄂尔多斯盆地南部的物源区大地构造性质、沉积格局及古水流等的综合分析,并结合砂岩组分,轻、重矿物及微量元素等资料,对盆地南部晚三叠世物源进行了深入分析,旨在阐明古物源与沉积体系的空间配置,确定物源的差异演化过程及发展趋势。研究表明,盆地南部晚三叠世沉积物源主要为太古生界深变质的结晶片岩、片麻岩及震旦亚界和古生界的浅海相碎屑岩及碳酸盐岩。在物源分异的影响下,不同的沉积体系分布区轻、重矿物组分特征明显不同。在镇原—泾川地区砂岩碎屑中石英含量相对较高,岩屑主要为沉积岩屑,向东南部铜川—耀县一带,长石含量逐渐增加,岩屑中火成岩和变质岩岩屑也增加。盆地南部重矿物主要为锆石、电气石及石榴石为主的组合,其分布受到了沉积水系的控制,形成了西南部的环县—庆阳—泾川一带、南部的长武—宁县一带、东南部的黄陵—铜川地区和东北部富县—延安一带的4个重矿物集中分布区,分别对应于不同的古水系及沉积物扩散区。在REE配分模式上,富县—延安地区延长组地球化学特征及配分模式曲线与盆地东北缘太古代及早元古代变质岩一致,二者有较大的亲缘关系;镇泾地区和盆地西南缘变质岩REE分配模式基本一致。     

鄂尔多斯盆地中西部延长组长6油层组物源分析

根据砂岩颗粒类型及特征、石英阴极发光、重矿物组合、砂体展布方向以及岩相古地理格局,对鄂尔多斯盆地中西部上三叠统延长组长6油组进行了物源分析。分析结果表明,酸性岩浆岩和中低级变质岩、浅海相碎屑岩及碳酸盐岩为研究区延长组主要的母岩类型,东北、西北、西部、西南和南部为5个主要的物源方向,且东北和西南影响范围最大;形成了东北安边三角洲沉积体系、西北盐定三角洲沉积体系、西部环县三角洲沉积体系、演武三角洲沉积体系、西南镇原辫状河三角洲沉积体系和南部固城-合水浊积扇沉积体系。     

重矿物资料在沉积物物源分析中的应用——以涠西南凹陷古近系流三段下亚段为例

重矿物资料在沉积物物源分析中被广泛的应用。采用聚类分析的数学统计方法,将重矿物资料在垂向上分出不同的沉积期次,得出表征不同母岩区的重矿物组合类型,进而在整个研究区对比划分物源体系并结合ZTR等值线图研究各沉积期次物源方向。由此涠西南凹陷古近系流三段下亚段可划分为四大物源体系,分别为北西物源体系,南西物源体系,北东物源体...     

鄂尔多斯盆地西南缘上三叠统延长组物源与沉积体系特征

以鄂尔多斯盆地西南缘延长组为例,通过对野外露头沉积特征、骨架颗粒、重矿物组合等分析,讨论了研究区物源与沉积体系特征。研究表明:早期沉积物源主要来自盆地西南方向,南部也有贡献。中、晚期沉积物源除来自西南方向和南部物源外,还受到来自盆地北东方向次要物源的影响。延长组长8之上与之下物源性质发生明显变化。延长组长8砂岩的岩屑以变质岩为主,少量沉积岩和火成岩;而延长组长6砂岩岩屑则以沉积岩为主,少量变质岩和火成岩,这表明长6沉积期盆地周缘、特别是盆地西缘抬升加剧,地层的剥蚀更强烈,致使大量较年轻的地层被剥蚀并加入源区母岩中。鄂尔多斯盆地延长期湖盆为北西—南东向展布,西南区主要发育辫状河和辫状河三角洲沉积体系,东北区主要发育曲流河三角洲沉积体系,在深湖区发育浊积扇沉积体系。     

鄂尔多斯盆地晚三叠世延长组长9-长101物源分析

鄂尔多斯盆地晚三叠世延长组沉积早期是一个大型的内陆汇水盆地,厘定物源方向对于恢复沉积盆地岩相古地理具有重要意义.通过古水流方向及轻重矿物的组合特征及展布等分析,发现延长组长9-长101沉积期有4个物源方向,即东北、东、南和西北方向.其中东北、西北方向物源占明显优势,影响范围较大;东部、南部物源影响范围较小.纵向上,长101沉积期到长9沉积期,东部物源影响范围略有扩大,西部物源影响范围有所减小,南部物源从西南方向迁移至正南方向.     

琼东南盆地崖城13-1气田渐新统陵三段沉积物源综合分析

物源体系分析是确定储层沉积的成因类型、空间展布与演化规律的关键问题之一,本文通过古地貌、重矿物、岩屑成分和结构与地层倾角测井等多种方法的综合分析,对琼东南盆地崖城13-1气田渐新统陵三段物源进行系统研究,确定了研究区陵三段沉积时期的物源体系主要来自北西方,碎屑沉积物以石英含量高的岩屑长石质石英砂岩与长石质石英砂岩为主,并根据重矿物组合特征分析,认为物源区母岩类型主要有酸性岩浆岩、变质岩以及再改造的沉积岩等。由于物源区距研究区距离适中,地形有一定的坡度,容易产生机械破碎的大块碎屑,故此种母岩特征是研究区陵三段辫状河三角洲砂体成因及沉积特征的内在因素。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of