河南西峡金红石矿床地质特征及成矿机制

西峡金红石矿床位于秦岭造山带东段南缘，是一个大型角闪质片岩型金红石矿床。矿体赋存于古生界信阳群龟山组第三段，含矿岩石为含金红石角闪质片岩。通过对矿区地质、矿体和矿石特征、钛的赋存状态及分布规律、热液蚀变及变质成矿作用等方面的研究，认为该矿床属变质热液改造的火山－沉积变质金红石矿床     

河南西峡金红石矿床地质特征

西峡金红石矿床位于秦岭造山带东段南缘，是一个大型角闪质片岩型金红石矿床。矿体赋存于古生界信阳群龟山组第三段，含矿岩石为含金红石角闪质片岩。本文阐述了矿区地质、矿体和矿石特征、钛的赋存状态及分布规律、热液蚀变等，认为该矿床属变质热液改热门造的火山─沉积变质型金红石矿床。     

大阜山金红石矿床含矿岩体的岩石学特征及其地质意义

大阜山以赋存金红石矿床而闻名,主体为基性变质岩体,以榴闪岩为主。主要矿物石榴子石、角闪石、斜长石、金红石等主要经历了3个发育期次,不同期次具有不同的产状特征。根据野外地质、岩石学、元素地球化学研究分析,结合区域地质背景资料,认为含矿岩体原岩为辉长岩,具正铕异常,低温中高压环境下变质而成。受扬子板块向华北板块俯冲后快速折返的影响,含矿岩体经历了退变质过程,金红石矿床形成。因此,金红石矿床是变质原岩(辉长岩)在区域变质作用下,经构造演化等综合作用的结果。     

碾子沟金红石矿床变质作用特征及其与成矿的关系

碾子沟金红石矿区发生了两次变质作用,第一次距今1862±24.8Ma,变质温压为600-650℃、4～7kPa,使本区岩石普遍发生了变质;第二次较晚,约为晋宁运动后期,变质温压低于第一次,主要使碾子沟组榴闪岩、斜长角闪片岩等岩石中的石榴子石及晋宁期基性岩中的石榴子石、直闪石及钛铁矿不同程度地变质。两次变质作用均与成矿关系密切,第一次使碾子沟组基性岩中约30％的TiO2转变为金红石,第二次使晋宁期基性岩中约50％的TiO2转变为金红石。从两次变质作用波及范围较广来看,本区具良好成矿远景。     

河南西峡金红石矿床成因

河南西峡金红石矿床位于秦岭造山带东段南缘，古生代陆缘断陷带内。矿体赋存于古生代信阳群龟山组第三段。含矿岩石为含金红石角闪质片岩，其原岩类型为富钛的碱性玄武岩类，具有板内陆壳碱性玄武岩的地球化学特征。海西—印支期，本区发生区域变质和变形作用。变质作用高峰期后，又经受了一次广泛的热液改造。所以，该矿床应为热液改造的火山－沉积变质金红石矿床。     

八庙-青山金红石矿床锆石年代学和地球化学研究

八庙-青山金红石矿床位于豫、陕两省交界处的西峡县与商南县之间,大地构造位置处于南秦岭地块的北缘。矿体呈层状、透镜状赋存于一套低角闪岩相变质的基性火山岩内,矿化层与大理岩互层产出。目前对于其含矿岩系的时代归属问题尚有中新元古代与中晚古生代之争。锆石年代学分析结果显示八庙矿区含矿岩系的底板围岩含石榴子石二云石英片岩主要包含3个阶段的年龄,即2664～1373 Ma、1003～874 Ma和468～411 Ma,青山矿区的含金红石斜长角闪片岩主要包含4个阶段的年龄,即1860～1441 Ma、1103～969 Ma、832～780 Ma和433～418 Ma。2个样品的最小锆石年龄数据一致,且与前人在含矿岩系大理岩中发现的古生物化石指示的时代相近。因此,八庙-青山金红石矿床的赋矿地层时代应归属于早泥盆世。全岩地球化学分析结果表明含矿岩石具洋岛玄武岩特征,源区可能为石榴橄榄岩,指示高钛的岩浆物质来自深部地幔。     

碾子沟金红石矿床基本地质特征

碾子沟金红石矿区地层主要为上太古界变粒岩、斜长角闪片岩及榴闪岩 ;岩浆岩主要为晋宁期基性岩 ;构造主要为断裂。矿区蚀变岩发育 ,主要为细晶直闪片岩、粗晶直闪岩、中细晶滑石岩及细晶绿泥片岩。矿体呈似纺锤状、似板状及透镜状。矿石类型有浅褐色细晶直闪石型片状矿石、灰白色粗晶直闪石型块状矿石、灰绿色或灰白色中细晶滑石型块状矿石、黑色中细晶角闪石型片状矿石及灰绿色巨晶直闪石型块状矿石等 5种。以前 3种为主 ,矿石品位一般 2 %～ 15 %。矿床规模为大型 ,矿床为变质蚀变成因。     

河南西峡金红石矿床成矿特征

西峡金红石矿床位于秦岭造山带东段南缘，古生代陆缘断陷带内，是一个大型角闪质片岩型金红石矿床．矿体赋存于古生界信阳群龟山组第三段，含矿层为合金红石角闪质片岩与大理岩互层．通过对该矿床的成矿地质条件、成矿母岩特征、钛的分布规律，变质成矿作用及后期热液改造等方面的研究，认为陆缘断陷深海槽及控制其形成的深断裂、富钛基性火山岩、区域变质及热液改造等综合因素叠加部位是寻找该类型金红石矿床的最佳方位。     

内蒙古磨石山沉积变质型锐钛矿矿床：一个大型新类型钛矿床的发现、勘查和研究

前人把内蒙古正蓝旗磨石山南部的羊蹄子山矿床确定为铁矿床,通过我们近几年的研究和勘查,发现了北部的磨石山新钛矿带,认为这不是一个铁矿,而是一个以锐钛矿为主的大型沉积变质型钛矿床,是钛矿床的一个新类型。矿体产于中元古代(1751Ma)片岩、变质石英(粉)砂岩和斜长角闪岩中,呈似层状、透镜状产出。富矿石具有细纹状构造,表现为以石英和锐钛矿为主的条纹互层。矿石矿物主要为锐钛矿,次有金红石和钛铁矿(赤铁矿),脉石矿物以石英为主,含一定量直闪石和黑云母(石榴子石)。锐钛矿、金红石和钛铁矿的粒度很细,为0.01～0.1mm。富矿含TiO23.14%～15.46%,平均6.91%,而贫矿的TiO2含量为1.2%～2.97%,平均1.76%。矿石含较高的Fe和V。锐钛矿和金红石的微量元素Nb和Cr的含量很低,说明矿物的源区来自变质基性岩。围岩斜长角闪岩恢复其原岩,大致相当于玄武岩、苦杆玄武岩等。岩石化学揭示其生成构造条件,为岛弧或岛弧和洋脊的过渡带。硅同位素组成研究结果,不同锐钛矿矿石、石英岩和片岩等的δ30Si值为0.1‰～-0.9‰,与海底热液喷气沉积矿床的数据相似。所有上述矿床的地质和地球化学特征表明,锐钛矿矿石和斜长角闪岩都是海底基性火山活动的产物,矿石具有化学沉积特征,后来遭到中(偏低)级区域变质作用,金红石主要形成于区域变质作用。矿床在燕山晚期(118Ma),由于花岗岩的侵位,又局部受到热液改造。     

中条山铜矿峪铜矿含矿岩系地球化学特征及矿床成因

中条山铜矿峪斑岩型铜矿床位于秦岭造山带北端,矿体主要赋存于变质花岗闪长斑岩、黑云母片岩和变质基性火山岩中。矿区内含铜岩系的全岩地球化学分析显示,主量元素表明矿区的含铜岩系均表现出富钾、富铝的特征;微量元素表明所有样品均显示出相对富集大离子亲石元素(K、Rb、Ba等),亏损高场强元素(P、Y、Ti、Nb、Ta等),反映岩浆源区可能遭受过俯冲带流体的交代作用,具有岛弧玄武岩的地球化学特征;稀土元素特征显示出明显的轻重稀土分馏,轻稀土富集,所有样品都表现出弱的铕负异常。研究认为,变质花岗斑岩、黑云母片岩和绢英岩的原岩初步定为钙碱性玄武岩或拉斑玄武岩,铜矿峪铜矿床形成于挤压与拉张构造环境的转换阶段,其成因类型应属于斑岩型铜矿床。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an