GPS在胶南市地理信息工程中的应用

阐述了胶南市GIS工程中应用GPS建立三等平面控制网及高程拟合作业过程中为提高平面精度和高程拟合精度所采用的数据处理方法和达到的精度情况 ,提出了对平面网的起算点进行精度检测和保留三维无约束平差中精度较低的短基线的观点 ;在高程拟合中 ,提倡采用多种拟合方案对已知GPS水准点进行各种精度检验 ,同时对所求点的拟合高程进行精度检验 ,以多种拟合方案计算出的所求点拟合高程的均值作为最或然高程 ,计算每种拟合方案的所求点拟合高程中误差及拟合高程与最或然高程的最小差值和最大差值 ,综合考虑所有精度检验结果 ,从中找出了一种最优拟合方案     

GPS高程异常拟合精度的估算方法

利用GPS大地高和部分水准高程进行高程拟合时，高程异常拟合精度的合理评定在实际工作中很有意义。给出高程异常拟合精度的估算公式并分析影响高程异常拟合精度的误差来源，利用京沪高速铁路的GPS实测数据进行验算，取得比较满意的结果。     

综合EGM2008和移动曲面模型GNSS高程拟合

全球卫星导航系统（GNSS）高程拟合广泛应用工程建设,不同的拟合方法具有各自局限性,为提高高程拟合的适用性、可靠性和精度,本文提出综合利用EGM2008和移动曲面模型进行高程拟合,通过不同算例进行实验分析表明该方法能有效提高GNSS高程拟合精度.      

烟台开发区高精度工程控制网的建立

表述了为提高平面精度和高程拟合精度采用的数据处理方法和达到的精度指标,提出了对平面网起算点进行内符精度检测,采用多种高程拟合方案对已知GPS水准点进行精度检验,综合考虑内符合和外符合精度,实现最优高程拟合的观点。     

高山区高等级公路GPS测高的分段拟合及精度分析

结合实例,提出高山区高等级公路GPS高程进行分段拟合的方法,对拟合结果进行精度分析,认为该方法能有效提高GPS高程拟合精度.     

GPS水准高程拟合与精度分析

本文根据常用的GPS水准高程拟合模型,利用测区的已知数据进行试算,并根据试验结果,从拟合的似大地水准面,已知点高程精度和GPS点大地高三方面,分析了GPS水准高程拟合精度,总结了提高拟合精度一些方法     

GPS高程拟合在煤田矿区控制中的应用

根据 GPS 高程拟合在煤田矿区控制中的应用成果,从已知点高程精度、GPS 点大地高精度、拟合似大地水准面精度3个方面,分析了 GPS 高程拟合的精度,总结了提高 GPS 高程拟合精度的方法。     

GPS高程拟合应用精度分析

随着社会技术的发展,GPS高程拟合的应用日益广泛,但是关于其精度的分析还不是十分成熟,本文主要分析了GPS高程拟合的方法,并且对于如何改善GPS高程拟合应用的精度进行了介绍,以便提高大家对于GPS高程拟合的认识和理解。     

跨海桥梁GPS高程拟合方法

针对跨海桥梁高程基准传递的技术难题,该文阐述了GPS高程拟合的基本原理,分析了高程拟合中的几个关键技术问题,总结出了GPS高程拟合的技术要点及提高拟合精度的措施。提出了基于二次多项式曲面的跨海桥梁工程GPS高程拟合方法,利用港珠澳大桥工程区域内的21个高精度GPS水准点建立二次多项式曲面拟合模型,并用另外7个点进行检核。结果显示:模型的内符合精度为±8.7mm,外符合精度为±12.4mm,2个海中测量平台控制点的拟合高程达到二等水准测量精度要求。     

GPS拟合高程代替五等水准测量精度的分析与探讨

就GPS高程转换进行研究,论述了GPS高程转换的过程及常用方法,特别对数学模型拟合法进行了讨论,最后通过对某地区GPS拟合高程与水准高程的精度对比分析,提出了利用GPS观测值加已知高程点拟合求待定点高程的方法,论述了等级网GPS拟合高程可以达到的普通几何水准测量精度。     

阿克苏河-塔里木河水系水质污染遥感监测与评价

 采用Landsat TM数据分析了阿克苏河—塔里木河断面水质污染状况,通过波段的DN值和常规监测数据建立能反映水质状况的 污染物监测模型。结果发现,将2000年常规监测数据代入模型后,与遥感数据的结果基本吻合| 重建阿克苏河—塔里木河的连续水体 污染变化曲线,得出污染物浓度随着远离上游而增加。     

Monitoring drought dynamics in the Aravalli region (India) using different indices based on ground and remote sensing data

The hard-rock hilly Aravalli terrain of Rajasthan province of India suffers with frequent drought due to poor and delayed monsoon, abnormally high summer-temperature and insufficient water resources. In the present study, detailed analysis of meteorological and hydrological data of the Aravalli region has been carried out for the years 1984–2003. Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) has been used to quantify the precipitation deficit. Standardised Water-Level Index (SWI) has been developed to assess ground-water recharge-deficit. Vegetative drought indices like Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and Temperature Condition Index (TCI) and Vegetation Health Index (VHI) have been computed using NDVI values obtained from Global Vegetation Index (GVI) and thermal channel data of NOAA AVHRR satellite. Detailed analyses of spatial and temporal drought dynamics during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons have been carried out through drought index maps generated in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment. Analysis and interpretation of these maps reveal that negative SPI anomalies not always correspond to drought. In the Aravalli region, aquifer-stress shifts its position time to time, and in certain pockets it is more frequent. In comparison to hydrological stress, vegetative stress in the Aravalli region is found to be slower to begin but quicker to withdraw.     

使用FME与VBA提取机场方格网高程数据

因受机场工程设计软件的测量数据容量限制,基于LiDAR采集、点云分类后得到的地面点云数据LAS不能完整应用于目前设计软件进行设计计算。本文通过对拟选技术方案的筛选,提出了利用FME Workbench数据处理功能,结合VBA编程获取外部方格网平面数据的方法。该方法在FME Workbench中实现了地面点云数据构建TIN、采用逐点内插方法从TIN中提取方格网高程数据、等高线生成及相应图形处理与成果输出。最终通过实际算例证明了该方法的有效性。     

Landslide risk analysis between Giri and Tons Rivers in Himachal Himalaya (India)

The area around Sataun in the Sirmur district of Himachal Pradesh, India (falling between the rivers Giri and Tons; both tributaries of the Yamuna River) was studied for landslide vulnerability on behalf of the inhabitants. The study was made using extensive remote sensing data (satellite and airborne). It is well supported by field evidence, demographic and infrastructural details and aided by Geographic Information System (GIS) based techniques. Field observations testify that slope, aspect, geology, tectonic planes, drainage, and land use all influence landslides in the region. These parameters were taken into consideration using the statistical approach of landslide hazard zonation. Using the census data of 1991, vulnerability of the populace to the landslide hazard was accessed. As most of the infrastructure in the region is concentrated around population centres, population data alone was used for vulnerability studies.     

Gravity Changes Before Large Earthquakes in China: 1998-2005

Although it is well known that coseismic gravity changes take place during an earthquake, previous research has not yielded convincing evidence demonstrating that significant gravity changes occur before large earthquakes. Furthermore, even if we suspect that gravity changes occur before large earthquakes, we have yet to demonstrate how to consistently observe these changes for useful earthquake forecast that would bring benefits to society. We analyzed ground gravity survey data obtained in 1998, 2000, 200...     

GNSS系统及其技术的发展研究

阐述了国际上卫星导航系统的总体发展,对美、俄、欧、中的四大全球系统,以及相关的区域系统和增强系统进行了简单的介绍,研究分析了GNSS系统及其技术的发展趋势,同时分析了我国Compass全球系统面临的机遇和挑战,并提出了我国未来工作的建议.     

自动车辆定位导航系统中传感器的误差分析

对国界定位导航系统中几种常见的辅助传感器所产生的误差进行了分析，导出了不同传感器的误差模型。这些误差模型是估计车辆位置的扩展卡尔曼滤波器的基础，同时也为选择适当的传感器提供了理论根据。     

“4D”技术及其应用

介绍“４Ｄ”（即数字地面模型、数字正射影像、数字栅格地图和数字线划地图）系列产品的生产流程、关键技术、及其在耕地保护、防灾减灾救灾和城市规划等方面的应用方法。     

Virtual Australia: its key elements – know,think, communicate

Abstract

Virtual Australia is not a well-defined or agreed concept. This discussion paper conceptualises Virtual Australia as a ‘virtual [digital] model containing and representing all non-trivial objects and their contextual environment – from blue sky to bedrock – in real world Australia’. It describes a scenario for Virtual Australia, one or two decades from now, in which the locations and conditions of non-trivial objects and their environment are updated automatically through a combination of remote sensing and wireless communication technologies in support of a ‘Supranet’. It then examines the concept of the ‘Supranet’ – a pervasive information network based largely on wireless technology linking the physical world to a virtual model in real time – and develops and discusses three principal characteristics of the Supranet: the ability to have or collect specific information (know); the ability to process information (think); and the ability to communicate that information. If, in the near future, any or all non-trivial devices are to some extent able to know, think and communicate, the potential for object autonomy will be realised.