鹦鹉嘴龙类皮肤印痕化石的发现及其意义

本文报道的辽宁西部北票市四合屯地区鹦鹉嘴龙类的皮肤鳞片化石,是迄今鹦鹉嘴龙类皮肤印痕的确切报道。该恐龙皮肤表面覆盖着小的鳞片,这些鳞片呈多边形,镶嵌式排列,其形态及大小在不同的部位略有变化。这类小型恐龙最早出现的时代为晚侏罗世晚期,早白垩世是其繁盛时期。     

我国发现的首例蜥脚类恐龙皮肤化石

本文记述了在四川自贡发现的同骨骼化石一道保存的蜥脚类恐龙皮肤化石,据其赋存关系,鉴定为杨氏马门溪龙（Ｍａｍｅｎｃｈｉｓａｕｒｕｓｙｏｕｎｇｉ）的皮肤残留部分。皮肤化石揭示该蜥脚类恐龙活着时体被鳞状皮肤,突出于表皮的鳞片呈不规则多边形,较大,密集而互不重叠,与过去描绘的类似大象皮光滑无鳞的情形不同。     

山西天镇晚白垩世恐龙动物群发掘简报

文章简要介绍了山西天镇晚白垩世恐龙化石的发现、发掘概况及动物群的特征，讨论了含化石地层－灰泉堡组的时代，认为无疑应属晚白垩世。以晚白垩世晰脚类巨龙科和鸟臂类甲龙科化石为代表，别具特色的新恐龙动物群为一突破性的发现，对它的深入研究，将对晰脚类、甲龙类及其共生动物群的组成、性质、演化、迁徒和动物地理区的划分及探讨白垩纪末恐龙的绝灭有重要的科学意义。     

中国剑龙类恐龙化石

我国中生代陆相沉积地层发育、分布广泛,有近百个恐龙化石产地分布,从东部的山东半岛到西部的甘肃、新疆;从云南、四川到内蒙古和黑龙江。目前,我国已经成为世界上发现恐龙化石最多的国家,已研究命名的恐龙种类达210多个。其中剑龙类恐龙化石9属10种,包括在国内外都享有盛名的华阳龙、沱江龙、嘉陵龙、巨棘龙、将军龙。太白华阳龙化石的发现为剑龙类起源于东亚提供了佐证,四川巨棘龙副肩棘原始埋藏状态的发现使研究人员对其功能和意义有了新的认识,四川巨棘龙皮肤印模化石的发现对认识剑龙类表皮结构提供了新的证据。     

皖南恐龙类化石特征及其地层划分意义

皖南齐云山地区恐龙骨骼化石、恐龙蛋化石、恐龙足迹和尾迹化石“三位一体”,为世界罕见。描述了三大类５属７种（或未定种）恐龙化石的形态、大小、结构特点,分析了化石在地层划分方面的意义。按化石产出层位,皖南有恐龙活动的时间约为４０００万年。     

四川自贡地区晚侏罗世剑龙类皮肤印痕化石新观察

重新观察了四川自贡晚侏罗世上沙溪庙组巨棘龙皮肤印痕化石。化石材料清楚地显示了巨棘龙体被鳞片。这些鳞片总体镶嵌排列成网状。大多数鳞片呈五边形,少数呈四边形或六边形。鳞片之间以沟缝相接。小鳞片中散布有少量五边形或六边形的大鳞片,每枚大鳞片被13～14枚鳞片所环绕。鳞片表面粗糙,不存在“瘤状小突”,有条索状隆突。条索状隆突可降低环境光线造成的眩光,降低鳞片表面整体亮度水平。据原始埋藏的位置和鳞片的分布推测,四川巨棘龙皮肤印痕化石的身体位置可能为前肢的肘关节及其邻近的上臂、体侧的皮肤     

黑龙江省嘉荫县晚白垩世渔亮子组及所产鸭嘴龙类化石特征

黑龙江省嘉荫县晚白垩世渔亮子组产丰富的鸭嘴龙类化石,此外,还有霸王龙等化石。１９９５年,黑龙江地质博物馆组装了一具恐龙骨架,本文对装架标本进行了描述,认为其仍为黑龙江满洲龙（Ｍａｎｄｓｃｈｕｒｉｓａｕｒｕｓ ａｍｕｒｅｎｓｉｓ）。嘉荫县龙骨山恐龙化石从被发现至今已一个世纪,目前为止,已组装了九具鸭嘴龙化石骨架。     

皖南恐龙类化石特征及其地层划分意义

皖南齐云山地区恐龙骨骼化石,恐龙蛋化石,恐龙足迹和尾迹化石“三位一体”,为世界罕见。描述了三大类５属７种（或未定种）恐龙化石的形状,大小,结构特点,分析了化石在地层划分方面的意义,按化石产出层位,皖南有恐龙活动的时间约为４０００万年。     

从浙江天台白垩纪蛋化石复原恐龙类群

浙江天台盆地白垩纪地层中,已发现了甲龙类及慢龙类等恐龙骨骼化石及数以千计的蛋化石,其中许多为恐龙蛋化石。根据国内外相同类型的蛋化石中迄今已发现的恐龙胚胎化石研究成果,可大致确定其中一部分蛋化石分别是由鸭嘴龙类、巨龙类、慢龙类、盗蛋龙类、伤齿龙类和暴龙类等恐龙所产。并发现鸭嘴龙类、巨龙类和慢龙类的圆形蛋、副圆形蛋在数量上占绝大多数,盗蛋龙的长形蛋和伤齿龙的棱柱形蛋较少,暴龙类的巨型长形蛋最少,从而反映了他们各自在生态金字塔中的位置。     

四川盆地恐龙足迹化石研究综述

四川盆地的中生代陆相地层十分发育,盛产恐龙化石和恐龙足迹化石。自20世纪40年代在四川广元首次发现恐龙足迹化石以来,迄今四川盆地已命名的恐龙足迹化石共20属24种,超过中国现已发现的恐龙足迹化石种类(39属55种)的2/5,成为中国发现恐龙足迹化石种类最多的地区。四川盆地恐龙足迹化石具有时代最早、分布广泛、种类众多的特点。建议今后重点加强晚三叠世恐龙足迹化石的研究,深入开展早侏罗世恐龙足迹化石的研究。     

Exceptional stegosaur integument impressions from the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation of Wyoming

Dinosaur skin impressions are rare in the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation, but different sites on the Howe Ranch in Wyoming (USA), comprising specimens from diplodocid, camarasaurid, allosaurid and stegosaurian dinosaurs, have proven to be a treasure-trove for these soft-tissue remains. Here we describe stegosaurian skin impressions from North America for the first time, as well as the first case of preservation of an impression of the integument that covered the dorsal plates of stegosaurian dinosaurs in life. Both have been found closely associated with bones of a specimen of the stegosaurian Hesperosaurus mjosi Carpenter, Miles and Cloward 2001. The scales of the skin impression of H. mjosi are very similar in shape and arrangement to those of Gigantspinosaurus sichuanensis Ouyang 1992, the only other stegosaurian dinosaur from which skin impressions have been described. Both taxa show a ground pattern of small polygonal scales, which in some places is interrupted by larger oval tubercles surrounded by the small scales, resulting in rosette-like structures. The respective phylogenetic positions of G. sichuanensis as a basal stegosaurian and H. mjosi as a derived form suggest that most stegosaurians had very similar skin structures, which also match the most common textures known in dinosaurs. The integumentary impression from the dorsal plate brings new data to the long-lasting debate concerning the function of dorsal plates in stegosaurian dinosaurs. Unlike usual dinosaur skin impressions, the integument covering the dorsal plates does not show any scale-like texture. It is smooth with long and parallel, shallow grooves, a structure that is interpreted as representing a keratinous covering of the plates. The presence of such a keratinous covering has affects on all the existing theories concerning the function of stegosaurian plates, including defense, thermoregulation, and display, but does not permit to rule out any of them.     

First dinosaur remains from Ireland

Several specimens from the Lias Group (Lower Jurassic) of Northern Ireland have been suspected as dinosaurian in origin. Bone histology and morphology demonstrates that two of these, both from the same locality in Co. Antrim, demonstrably are from dinosaurs. We interpret one as the proximal end of the left femur of a basal thyreophoran ornithischian, and tentatively assign it to cf. Scelidosaurus. The other is the proximal part of the left tibia of an indeterminate neotheropod, perhaps a member of the averostran-line similar to Sarcosaurus, or a megalosauroid. These are the first dinosaur remains reported from anywhere in Ireland and some of the most westerly in Europe, and they are among only a small number of dinosaurs known from the Hettangian Stage. Two additional specimens are no longer considered to be from dinosaurs. We interpret one as a surangular or mandible fragment from a large marine reptile, perhaps an ichthyosaur or pliosaur; the other is a polygonal fragment of Paleocene basalt.     

江西恐龙蛋的分类及层位

恐龙蛋是晚白垩世地层中一类特殊而又珍贵的化石。江西晚白垩世地层分布广泛,发育良好,散见于大小不一,形态各异的近３０个盆地中。其中多个盆地发现恐龙蛋,某些盆地不仅数量丰富,且类型多种多样。本文根据其形态特征,以前人分类定名为依据,交江西境内所产经蛋分别归于长形蛋科、圆形蛋科和大圆蛋科,并对其分布,产出层位等作了介绍。     

非洲下刚果盆地多边形断层系统及其对油气的意义

利用高精度的三维地震资料,在非洲下刚果盆地上新统-更新统识别出一种多边形断层系统.它们在地震剖面上为微小断距的张性断层,主要发育在深水、半深水环境中沉积的细粒泥质岩中.利用地震相干技术,显示其平面特征为多边形形状;断层无优势走向,属非构造成因;在一个断层层段内,具有上密下疏的特征.研究区多边形断层的形成模式是:顶部泥岩...     

广东河源盆地红层的初步研究

河源盆地红层厚达 5 0 0 0 m,依岩性特征自下而上划分为大凤组、主田组、浈水组、丹霞组和莘庄村组。前三组称南雄群 ,粗碎屑岩较发育 ,厚 16 0 0— 370 0 m。大凤组为紫红、暗紫红色砾岩 ,在盆地北部该组上部为细砾岩夹含砾砂岩 ,富产恐龙圆形蛋化石 ,厚 5 6 7m;主田组为紫红色含砾砂岩与不等粒砂岩互层夹细砾岩、砂质泥岩 ,富含灰质结核 ,产窃蛋龙、恐龙长形蛋、龟鳖类、腹足类和瓣鳃类化石 ,厚 90 0 m;浈水组沉积物又较粗 ,以细砾岩、含砾砂岩发育为主要特征 ,厚达 2 2 0 0 m。大凤组和主田组富含恐龙蛋化石 ,其面貌与南雄盆地相似 ,时代属晚白垩世无疑。丹霞组全为粗碎屑岩 ,为紫红色块状砾岩、砂砾岩 ,具丹霞地貌特征 ,厚 70 0 m,时代暂归晚白垩世—古新世。莘庄村组以红色细碎屑岩发育、富含灰质结核、下粗上细、上部红黑相间为主要特征 ,产介形虫、轮藻、腹足类、瓣鳃类化石 ,时代属古新世     

Discontinuous grain growth of quartz in metacherts: the influence of mica on a microstructural transition

Abstract The microstructure of quartz in metacherts of the Ryoke metamorphic belt in central Japan develops from polygonal, through duplex to irregular with increasing metamorphic grade. The polygonal microstructure is composed of small (mostly 90–160 μm), equant, equigranular, polygonal quartz grains, whereas the irregular microstructure is characterized by large (>300 μm) grains with irregular grain boundaries. The duplex microstructure is a mixture of small polygonal and large irregular grains. The development of these microstructures is interpreted as being due to secondary recrystallization. The size of polygonal grains is greatly influenced by the presence of second-phase minerals, such as mica, whereas that of large irregular grains is unaffected by second-phase minerals. There seems to be a critical grain size for quartz to occur as polygonal aggregates: no polygonal aggregates occur in rocks with larger than the critical grain size. The size (about 140 μm) decreases slightly with increasing volume fraction of mica. The mean grain sizes of polygonal quartz ( D ) and coexisting mica ( d ) in the duplex microstructure are systematically related to the volume fraction of mica ( f ) by D = 0.728 d (1/ f )^0.629.     

河南省汝阳巨型蜥脚类恐龙动物群及含化石地层时代讨论

在河南省汝阳盆地原划分的古近系始新统"蟒川组"中新发现了大量的恐龙化石。这个动物群主要以植食性的巨型、大型蜥脚类恐龙为主,兼有鸭嘴龙类及肉食性小型兽脚类、大型肉食龙类为辅的恐龙动物群,经初步研究确认至少有10种以上新属种恐龙,还有大量的恐龙蛋壳、龟鳖类、双壳类、植物类等丰富的动植物化石,被称为"汝阳巨型蜥脚类恐龙动物群"。该动物群代表了我国早白垩世晚期至晚白垩早期的恐龙动物群,其分异程度也比以前想象的高得多。而轮藻、介形虫和孢粉等微体化石组合特征、地层叠合关系和区域对比等综合分析,更多显示了汝阳盆地赋存恐龙化石的地层时代为早白垩世中晚期的特征。无疑,汝阳盆地原划分为始新世的"陈宅沟组"、"蟒川组"应为白垩纪,至于是早白垩世中晚期或是晚白垩世早期,还需要更多的证据才能确定。     

Identification Features of the Transition and Intermediate Layers in the Polygonal Peatlands in Northwestern Siberia

Doklady Earth Sciences - The upper part of the subsurface component of the Earth’s cryosphere—polygonal peatlands—are considered in this paper. The polygonal peatlands are...