AItBOC信号码跟踪性能研究

通过分析A1tBOC（15,10）信号的功率谱密度、自相关函数,得出该信号在码跟踪性能上的理论优势,并根据Betz码跟踪评估理论仿真分析了接收机前端带宽、相关器间隔、环路鉴别器类型、载噪比以及全频带和单边带两种接收方式对该信号码跟踪精度的影响,并且通过与BPSK（10）、BOC（15,10）和单边带AltBoc（15,10）信号对比,得出AltBOC（15,10）信号在码跟踪精度上的优势,为AltBOC接收机设计提供理论依据。     

GNSS信号多径误差非包络评估方法

针对全球导航卫星系统(global navigation satellite system,GNSS)信号体制评估过程中,多径误差包络评估方法给出了多径误差的上界,并没有反映反射信号载波和子载波相位引入的码跟踪误差问题,提出了一种码跟踪多径误差非包络评估方法。该方法将反射信号的码相位延时映射到载波和子载波相位延时,为码跟踪多径误差提供了准确的理论值,而且避免了多径误差包络方法求包络曲线的过程。给出了该方法的理论表达式,对BPSK、AltBOC、MBOC和BOC信号进行了多径性能仿真,并与多径误差包络评估方法进行了对比。理论和仿真结果表明,本文方法能准确的估计码跟踪多径误差,为GNSS信号多径误差测量值提供有效的理论指导。     

基于QBOC码的BOC信号码跟踪环路的性能分析

在Galileo系统建设和GPS现代化的进程中，为实现与BPSK（Bi-phase Shift Keying）的频谱分离，采用了BOC（Binary Offset Carrier）调制。BOC调制在码跟踪精度、多径抑制等方面比BPSK调制具有更好的性能，但其自相关函数的多相关峰特性使得在测距中可能产生偏差，因此，消除相关峰的模糊度是BOC信号接收中非常关键的问题。介绍了一种基于QBOC码的BOC信号码跟踪环路（“BOC十QBOC-BOC”），并推导出该环路码跟踪性能的解析表达式，最后的仿真结果验证了理论推导的正确性，可为BOC信号接收机的设计提供参考。     

基于GPS单频软件接收机的捕获与跟踪算法实现

在分析基于软件无线电全球定位系统（GPS）接收机结构的基础上,研究了GPS单频软件接收机的捕获和跟踪算法,并基于MATLAB平台在PC上仿真了GPS单频软件接收机样机。信号捕获采用基于快速傅里叶变换（FFT）的并行码相位搜捕算法;信号跟踪联合使用超前滞后非相干延迟锁定环和科斯塔斯环的跟踪环结构。采用实测数据对信号捕获、跟踪算法进行了分析和验证。结果表明：仿真的GPS单频软件接收机具备基本的基带信号处理功能。     

一种改进的互复用调制方法

针对传统的互复用调制方法中,8种不同的输入信号组合值与6个不同相位量之间对应关系模糊的问题,提出了三码八相的互复用调制方法。基于三码八相互复用调制方法,利用与3路输入信号相关的指数因子,推导出了新的互复用基带调制信号表达式,实现了复用调制信号的相位翻转,得到了8个不同的相位值。仿真结果显示,三码八相互复用调制方法,保证了复用调制信号的恒包络特性,解决了输入码组合值与相位量之间对应关系的模糊度问题,研究结果对于GNSS组合中的信号调制有一定的参考价值。     

预相关带宽和相关器间隔对导航信号多径性能的影响分析

采用窄相关技术和双△相关技术,对BPSK（1）信号和BOC（1,1）信号在不同预相关带宽和不同相关器间隔时的平均加权多径误差包络进行了仿真,提取了多径误差典型值。结果表明,随着相关器间隔的减小,多径误差逐渐减小,但当相关器间隔为0.1个码片时,多径误差的减小已不明显;多径误差并不是随着预相关带宽的增大一直减小,而是有一...     

一种新的BOC调制无模糊跟踪鉴别器设计

建立了导航接收机码跟踪延迟锁定环的数学模型,讨论了DP和EMLP鉴别器在不同信号、不同前端滤波器带宽的鉴别曲线特性,阐述了BOC调制模糊跟踪产生的原因。针对BOC调制信号的模糊跟踪问题,从BOC调制的机理出发,将BOC调制分成伪码和副栽波两部分分析,阐述了一种新的鉴别器设计。实验表明：新鉴别器设计,鉴别曲线线性跟踪区域斜率最高为9,可实现BOC调制的无模糊跟踪。     

BOC调制信号多径误差分析

针对导航信号的多径误差分析,在多径误差包络曲线分析方法基础上提出了多径误差包络期望分析方法。与包络曲线分析方法相比,包络期望分析方法能够定量分析导航信号多径误差。基于包络期望分析方法,对同码速率的二进制偏移载波(BOC)调制导航信号与二进制相位控键(BPSK)调制导航信号的多径误差进行了对比分析。结果表明,BOC调制导航信号具有更小的典型多径误差。     

BOC调制信号多径误差分析

针对导航信号的多径误差分析,在多径误差包络曲线分析方法基础上提出了多径误差包络期望分析方法.与包络曲线分析方法相比,包络期望分析方法能够定量分析导航信号多径误差.基于包络期望分析方法,对同码速率的二进制偏移载波(BOC)调制导航信号与二进制相位控键(BPSK)调制导航信号的多径误差进行了对比分析.结果表明,BOC调制导航信号具有更小的典型多径误差.     

基于优化包络相关法的罗兰C天波延迟估计算法

针对低信噪比条件下,罗兰C天波信号延迟时间估计的准确性和有效性问题,提出基于优化包络的相关系数时域法。通过分析标准罗兰C信号包络的特征,分别采用微分和二次微分方法对罗兰C信号包络进行优化,形成陡峭的包络信号上升沿;利用相关系数法对接收信号包络和参考信号包络进行匹配,形成的匹配峰值分别对应地波和天波信号到达的时刻,由此可获得天波信号的延迟时间;通过仿真分析和实测信号试验验证,证明该方法能满足数字化接收机的实际要求,并具有更高的抗干扰能力、估计准确性和自动识别功能的特点。估计的结果还可以作为判别相位跟踪和周期识别正确率的辅助依据。     

Unbalanced AltBOC: a Compass B1 candidate with generalized MPOCET technique

With the proposed new GNSS signals, enhanced navigation performance is expected in both civil and military applications. However, these new signals introduce the difficulty of combining multiple signal components into a constant-envelope signal. For the Compass B1 band, the problem is to multiplex a QPSK(2) signal and a new multiplexed binary offset carrier (MBOC) signal with a center frequency difference of 14.322 MHz. One approach for multiplexing spreading codes is the phase-optimized constant-envelope transmission (POCET) method proposed for the GPS L1 band. However, only binary spreading codes are considered in POCET. We first generalize the POCET method as a multilevel POCET (MPOCET) algorithm for multilevel coded signals. A new implementation of the alternative binary offset carrier (AltBOC) generator is derived from MPOCET. Secondly, the multiplexing problem for Compass is modeled by MPOCET. Multilevel subcarriers of AltBOC are adopted in the model. As a result, an 8-PSK unbalanced AltBOC (UAltBOC) modulation, which has a QPSK(2) signal at the lower sideband and a TMBOC signal at the upper sideband, is obtained. Simulations for signal model validation and power spectrum analysis are conducted. Numerical results indicate that UAltBOC successfully combines the QPSK and TMBOC signals with only 0.16-dB additional combining loss compared to AltBOC. The proposed MPOCET technique is demonstrated as a unified multiplexing method for navigation signals.     

Galileo civil signal modulations

Spectrum limitations for navigation systems require that the various navigation signals broadcast by the Galileo system must be combined and must utilize bandwidth-efficient modulations. At the L1 band, one of the most important questions is how to combine all the Open Service signals and the Public Regulated Service signal at the payload level, while maintaining good performance at reception. The Interplex modulation, a particular phase-shifted-keyed/phase modulation (PSK/PM), was chosen to transmit these signals because it is a constant-envelope modulation, thereby allowing the use of saturated power amplifiers with limited signal distortion. The Interplex modulation was also taken as baseline at the E6 band to transmit the three channels and the services associated on the same carrier frequency. At the E5 band, the modulation must combine two different services on a same constant envelope composite signal, while keeping the simplicity of a BOC implementation. The constant envelope Alternate Binary Offset Carrier (ALTBOC) modulation was chosen as the solution to transmit the Galileo E5 band signal. The main objective of this paper is to study these Galileo modulations. After the introduction, the E5 band signals are described, followed by the Alternate BOC modulation which has been chosen to transmit them. The second part describes the general formulation of the Interplex modulation and its key parameters for an optimal multiplexing of the Galileo L1 band signals. Since the Galileo Open Service signals at the L1 band are still not yet completely specified, different test cases are considered and their impact on the resulting choice for the Interplex modulation parameters is exposed.     

GPS第三频载波及民用码的信号质量分析

介绍了L5载波的特点,分析了L5载波对GPS测量的影响,用实测数据分析了三频载波的信噪比及各个民用码的噪声水平。     

阵元指向性对合成孔径声呐成像的影响

传统合成孔径声呐回波仿真一般仅考虑3 dB波束宽度内接收的回波信号,忽略了收、发阵元宽频带指向性调制的实际问题.针对这一问题,根据声呐收、发阵元与目标间的瞬时几何关系,研究收、发阵元指向性调制的合成孔径声呐回波仿真方法.在此基础上,结合后向投影成像算法讨论收、发阵元指向性对成像性能的影响,并类比基于加权的传统阵列信号处...     

Analysis of Galileo E5 and E5ab code tracking

The world of global navigation satellite systems has been enhanced with several new or improved signals in space aiming to optimize accuracy, reliability, navigation solution, and interoperability between different constellations. However, such developments bring various challenges to the receivers’ designers. For example, acquisition and tracking stages turn into more complex processes while handling the increasing bandwidth requires additional processing power. In this context, we study the code tracking of Galileo E5ab in a full band or of only one of its components, i.e., either E5a or E5b. More specifically, an architecture for tracking the E5 pilot channel as an AltBOC(15,10) or BPSK(10) modulation is introduced, and the performance of well-known discriminator types is analyzed using analytical derivations and simulations of linearity and stability regions, thermal noise tracking errors, multipath error envelopes and tracking thresholds. Different parameters, such as the front-end filter bandwidth, the early/late chip spacing, un-normalized and normalized discriminators, are taken into consideration. The results obtained are used to illustrate the main advantages and drawbacks of tracking the E5 signal as well as to help defining the main tracking loop parameters for an enhanced performance.     

有限带宽信道条件下的Double-delta技术多径抑制性能分析及优化设计

以一种基于码跟踪多径误差包络的多径抑制性能评估准则为基础,首先根据Double-delta技术的基本原理,首次推导出了其在无限带宽时的码跟踪多径误差公式,并由此得出了Double-delta技术的理论性能计算公式;然后以数值计算的方法分析了不同信道带宽条件下Double-delta技术的多径抑制性能。仿真结果表明,当信...     

Modelling of differential single difference receiver clock bias for precise positioning

A receiver hardware delay should be seriously considered for time-transfer and determination of ionospheric delay corrections for wide area differential GPS positioning. A receiver hardware delay does not generally effect the common geo-position application, as suitable differences of observations are used, or equivalently, clock error parameters are introduced, epoch-wise, that also absorb the delays. This paper investigates the behavior of inter-frequency (or observation-type) receiver hardware delays by using a single difference (SD) model, which estimates the receiver delay along with the receiver clock error (and SD ambiguities of a reference satellite with carrier phase observations) for zero and short baselines. The purpose of this paper is to model the between-observation-type delays for the purpose of precise positioning, under practical circumstances. The focus is on data series of differential SD receiver clock biases, since they reflect the behavior of receiver hardware delays with time. A simple linear regression of the data series is employed to study the behavior, and test statistics are employed to assess both the significance of the parameters and the observations fit for the linear regression. The statistical analysis results indicate that almost all inter-observation type receiver delays can be modeled as the sum of a constant (offset) and a constant rate of change (slope). The analysis shows that the differential receiver delay is generally at the mm- to cm-level on phase, while at the dm-level on code for the equipment used in the experiments.