地质统计学反演在四川盆地L地区储层预测中的应用

地质统计学反演基于地质统计学方法,综合利用地震、测井数据和地质认识,对储层的空间分布特征进行模拟,预测储层分布规律。通过四川盆地L地区气田开发实践,总结出以地质统计学反演为核心,且适用于四川盆地须家河组非均质构造～岩性复合式气藏的反演路线,在叠后约束稀疏脉冲确定性反演的基础上,由阻抗数据作为约束条件进行储层参数随机模拟,进而进行有利储层预测。结果表明,该方法具有测井数据的垂向分辨率高和地震数据的横向分辨率高的优势,对于识别非均质砂泥岩薄互型储层效果较好。     

地质统计学反演在什邡气田A区块储层预测中的应用

地质统计学反演是一种基于波阻抗反演提高纵向分辨率的反演方法。它将随机模拟与地震反演相结合,以地震数据为约束,通过模拟储层的空间分布特征来预测储层分布规律,是量化预测的有效工具。以什邡气田A区块为例,利用地震、测井资料和地质理论,在稀疏脉冲波阻抗反演的基础上进行地质统计学反演,得到一套高分辨率的岩性反演体。对比得知,预测结果与钻井吻合较好,预测精度得到明显提高。这为后续天然气储量计算、开发井产能建设奠定了基础。     

新疆塔里木盆地温宿凸起区新近系薄互层储层预测方法研究与应用

针对塔里木盆地温宿凸起区新近系砂岩储层厚度薄、单砂体厚度小、砂体相变快的特点, 通过研究分析砂体储层与地震属性、测井曲线之间的关系, 采用伽玛拟声波地质统计学反演方法对研究区新近系进行储层预测, 并与常规的波阻抗反演、声波测井约束地质统计学反演方法生成的预测结果进行了对比分析。结果表明, 本文采用的方法极大地提高了预测结果的垂向分辨率, 可以有效识别出薄层砂体。该预测结果有效支撑了井位优选, 并经过了新钻井钻探证实, 实现了该区油气调查的突破。     

地质统计学反演与常规反演在储层预测中的应用效果对比分析

针对砂泥岩薄互层非均质性强、单层砂体薄、储层识别困难的工区,进行了地质统计学反演,并与常规约束稀疏脉冲反演结果进行了对比分析,结果表明:常规约束稀疏脉冲波阻抗反演只能识别大套砂体,无法识别薄互层小砂体,而基于储层参数地质统计分析和随机模拟技术的地质统计学反演方法充分发挥了测井数据的垂向高分辨率和地震数据的横向高分辨率优势,可实现砂泥岩薄互层储层砂体分布的精细描述,变差函分析及马尔科夫链-蒙特卡罗随机模拟技术对于厚度在5m以下的小砂体也能较清晰地刻画。     

基于地质统计学反演方法的洛带气田储层预测

研究区域为洛带气田遂宁组,该储层具有厚度薄、低孔隙度、低渗透层等特征,单一的约束稀疏脉冲反演难以达到精确刻画有利相带。地质统计学反演适用于复杂储层的地震预测和描述,与常规波阻抗反演相比,具有较高的垂向分辨率,能更有效地反映厚度薄的储层,反演结果更接近实际地质特征,能够很好地弥补约束稀疏脉冲反演缺陷,实现对储层特征的精细描述。针对研究区地质特点,根据储层发育特征和地质规律,基于地质统计学理论,采用岩性划分及统计学参数分析等技术方法进行储层预测,有效地预测了洛带气田的砂体厚度、平均孔隙度平面以及储层厚度。     

地质统计反演在苏里格气田致密薄砂体预测中的应用

苏里格气田盒8段储层岩性结构复杂、砂体薄、孔隙度低,砂、泥岩波阻抗叠置严重,常规的确定性反演结果难以满足识别高孔单砂体的需求。针对这一现状,在详细分析储层敏感参数与反演关键参数基础上,开展了地质统计反演的应用研究。研究表明,地质统计反演方法能有效综合地质、测井与三维地震数据,极大地提高预测结果的纵、横向分辨率,有效地解决了盒8段砂泥岩薄互层的单砂体识别问题;根据纵波阻抗与孔隙度的统计关系能准确刻画了高孔隙度砂体的空间展布,应用效果非常明显。应用实践证明,地质统计反演是陆相致密碎屑岩性油气藏进行储层精细描述的有效方法,具有广阔的应用前景。     

储层地震反演在辽河油田大民屯凹陷的应用

针对大民屯凹陷构造复杂、薄互层储层横向变化快等特殊地质条件, 在叠前时间偏移和叠后高分辨处理的地震资料基础上, 利用以已知地质规律和测井资料为约束的储层地震反演新技术, 对地下岩层空间结构和物理性质进行反演、综合岩性解释、定量预测和描述储层空间分布及变化规律.通过叠前高分辨地震资料波阻抗反演、测井多属性反演方法的研究和应用, 提高了该区储层预测的纵向分辨率, 加强了对薄互层砂体的识别能力, 提高了储层预测的可靠性, 落实了有利的岩性圈闭, 获得了较好的地质效果, 为该区隐蔽油气藏的勘探做了有意义的探索.      

利用地质统计学反演进行薄砂体储层预测

某地区三角洲前缘砂体相变快,非均质性强,单砂体厚度小,常规的确定性反演由于受到地震频带限制,反演地震体的垂向分辨力低,往往难以识别。基于随机建模技术的地质统计学反演方法,能有效地综合地质、测井和三维地震数据,极大地提高了预测结果的垂向分辨率,能更加精确地描述储层细微的变化,可以更好地识别薄层砂体。利用地质统计学反演方法对某地区三角洲前缘目标层段的薄层砂体进行了预测,通过高分辨率的地质统计学反演波阻抗体和密度反演体剖面对比,可以有效识别出薄层砂体在反演剖面上横向展布。     

地质统计学反演技术研究与应用

实现油气储层的精细描述和建模,是石油勘探和开发过程中十分重要的环节,常规的确定性反演由于受到地震频带限制,反演结果垂向分辨率低,往往难以识别单砂体厚度较小的储层分布。通过在A油田应用的实践表明,应用高密度采集的地震数据,开展基于随机建模技术的地质统计学反演方法,能够有效地综合地质、测井和三维地震数据,明显提高反演结果的垂向分辨率,可以更好地识别薄层砂体,为精细储层识别、油藏建模提供可靠依据。     

地质统计学反演及其在吉林扶余油田储层预测中的应用

地质统计学反演方法将随机建模技术与常规地震反演相结合,有效地综合地质、测井和三维地震数据,可以更加精确地描述储层的变化.在执行地质统计学反演前,首先应用稀疏脉冲约束反演,了解储层的大致分布,以求取子波和水平变差函数.地质统计学反演从井点出发,井间以原始地震数据作为硬数据,通过随机模拟的产生井间波阻抗,然后将波阻抗转换成反射系数,并用确定性反演方法求得的子波褶积产生地震道,通过反复迭代直至合成地震道与原始地震数据达到一定程度的匹配,反演结果是多个等概率的波阻抗数据体实现.反演结果符合输入数据的地质统计学特征并受地质模型的约束,它综合了测井的垂向分辨率高和地震的横向分辨率高的优势,结果的多个实现用于不确定性评价.     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

NONMETALS DEPOSITS

正20141520 Bo Ying(Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment,MLR,Beijing 100037,China);Liu Chenglin Saline Spring Hydrochemical Characteristics and Indicators for Potassium Exploration in Southwestern and Northern Tarim Basin,Xinjiang(Acta Geoscientica Sinica,ISSN1006-3021,CN11-3474/P,34(5),2013,p.594-602,5 illus.,3 tables,28 refs.)     

MATHEMATICAL GEOLOGY

正20141243Chen Ge(Hangzhou Research Institute of Petroleum Geology,PetroChina,Hangzhou 310023,China);Si Chunsong Study on Sedimentary Numerical Simulation Method of Fan Delta Sand Body(Journal of Geology,     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20142599Chen Sanming(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Concealed Deposits Exploration,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin541004,China);He Yuzhou Block Model and Reserves Estimation of Panzhihua Iron Deposit Based on 3D Geological Modeling(Journal of Guilin University of Technology,ISSN1674-9057,CN45-1375/N,33(4),2013,p.610-615,9illus.,1table,15refs.)     

STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY

正20140594 Bai Daoyuan(Hunan Institute of Geology Survey,Changsha 410016,China);Zhong Xiang Faults in the Jingzhou Basin and Their Tectonic Settings(Geotectonica et Metallogenia,ISSN1001-1552,CN44-1595/P,37(2),2013,p.173-183,6illus.,59refs.)Key words:basin evolution,tectonic setting,South China In the Upper Paleozoic and Jurassic se-     

STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY

正20141912Cao Hui(State Key Laboratory for Continental Tectonics and Dynamics,Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China)Gravitational Collapse and Folding during Orogenesis:A Comparative Study of FIA Trends and Fold Axial Plane Traces(Geology in China,ISSN1000-3657,CN11-1167/P,40(6),2013,p.1818-1828,9illus.,35refs.,with