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基于地貌参数法的无资料地区洪水预报研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
为了探索无资料流域的洪水预报问题,以改进的HBV模型为例,介绍应用地貌参数法推求无资料地区模型参数的方法。并利用武江流域实测50场雨洪资料,对改进的HBV模型进行率定,在参数达到较好的模拟效果后,与流域的地貌参数建立相关关系,然后利用所建立的相关关系及武江支流田头水和韩江支流丰良河的地貌参数,推求模型参数,最后用田头水和丰良河各50场洪水进行验证,取得了较好效果。 相似文献
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针对现有分布式单位线汇流理论未考虑土壤含水量变化引起的时变汇流路径问题, 提出动态汇流路径新概念, 推求同时考虑降雨强度和土壤含水量时空分布的坡面流速计算公式, 引入地形指数刻画流域蓄水能力空间分布, 从而获得栅格尺度流域流速分布场, 进一步建立不同蓄满状态下流域动态汇流路径集合, 最终实现考虑动态汇流路径的时变分布式单位线推求。以龙虎圩和东石流域为实例, 通过SCS模型计算产流量, 采用本文所提方法进行汇流计算, 引入涵盖低流量误差、高流量误差及洪量误差的多目标优化方法率定参数, 2个典型流域28场洪水预报结果表明, 洪峰流量相对误差在±15%内, 峰现时间误差在±6 h之间, 纳什效率系数平均值超过0.8, 与现有方法相比, 所提方法能更加准确地反映汇流时间分布场, 提高了洪水预报精度。 相似文献
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半湿润地区洪水预报模型研究及应用 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
针对半湿润地区建立了流域非线性产流、汇流模型以及流域洪水实时预报校正方法,并将研制的模型应用于陆浑水库流域洪水预报,取得了较为满意的预报效果。 相似文献
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漳卫河中下游河道断面变化较大,该流域的洪水预报调度十分复杂。传统的水文学方法只是借助于历史洪水进行汇流参数率定,本文借助于水力学方法和河道实测断面,利用Easy Riv1D模型对河道洪水演进模拟研究,取得了较好的预报效果,可以为漳卫河流域的河道洪水演进提供技术支撑。 相似文献
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中小河流大多位于资料短缺的山丘区,洪水具有突发性强、汇流时间快、预见期短以及分布广的特点。中小河流洪水预报首要目的和任务是预警预报,预报方式应以自动预报为主,以实现及时预警,最大程度地避免人员伤亡,减轻灾害损失。本文分析了中小河流洪水预报的特点与难点,提出了中小河流洪水预报的思路及实用预报模型与方法,开展了基于分布式水文模型的中小河流洪水预报技术在新安江上游屯溪流域预警预报中的应用研究,以期为当前所开展的全国中小河流洪水预警预报系统建设提供参考。研究表明:分布式水文模型是资料短缺地区中小河流洪水预报的有效方法,基于分布式水文模型的洪水预报技术能够满足中小河流洪水自动预警预报的生产需要。 相似文献
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中小河流洪水预报研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
中小河流洪水预报是当前国际水文科学中亟待研究的重大科学问题之一。由于中小河流存在分布广、降水及下垫面空间异致性强、产汇流时间短、突发性强、水文资料欠缺等特点,因此预报精度较低,预见期短,预报难度大。目前国内外学者对中小河流洪水预报开展了一定的研究,主要集中在中小河流洪水形成机理、洪水预报模型、缺资料中小河流水文模型参数确定方法、洪水预报耦合降水预报等方面。对中小河流洪水预报相关研究进展和存在的问题进行了总结,并指出未来在多源信息高效融合、精细化洪水模拟、高精度降水预报等方面还应进行更深入的研究。 相似文献
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港口湾水库入库洪水预报模型研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
基于港口湾、胡乐司流域产、汇流分析,提出了分流域、分单元入库洪水预报模型的整体构架,产流计算应用了蓄满产流模型,汇流计算提出了拟线性河网汇流指数模型:Csj=Sso αe^-βA j,实现了汇流系数因入流强度自动调整的目标。 相似文献
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Emily Keeble David I. Whiteside Michael J. Benton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):99-119
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco. 相似文献
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Gilles Serge Odin 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(6):409-414
Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414. 相似文献
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The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species. 相似文献
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Muriel Rocher Stéphane Baize Stéphane Jaillet Edward Marc Cushing Yannick Lozach Francis Lemeille 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2003,335(8):701-708
Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ1 roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003). 相似文献
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正20141520 Bo Ying(Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment,MLR,Beijing 100037,China);Liu Chenglin Saline Spring Hydrochemical Characteristics and Indicators for Potassium Exploration in Southwestern and Northern Tarim Basin,Xinjiang(Acta Geoscientica Sinica,ISSN1006-3021,CN11-3474/P,34(5),2013,p.594-602,5 illus.,3 tables,28 refs.) 相似文献
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正20141243Chen Ge(Hangzhou Research Institute of Petroleum Geology,PetroChina,Hangzhou 310023,China);Si Chunsong Study on Sedimentary Numerical Simulation Method of Fan Delta Sand Body(Journal of Geology, 相似文献
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正20142599Chen Sanming(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Concealed Deposits Exploration,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin541004,China);He Yuzhou Block Model and Reserves Estimation of Panzhihua Iron Deposit Based on 3D Geological Modeling(Journal of Guilin University of Technology,ISSN1674-9057,CN45-1375/N,33(4),2013,p.610-615,9illus.,1table,15refs.) 相似文献
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正20140594 Bai Daoyuan(Hunan Institute of Geology Survey,Changsha 410016,China);Zhong Xiang Faults in the Jingzhou Basin and Their Tectonic Settings(Geotectonica et Metallogenia,ISSN1001-1552,CN44-1595/P,37(2),2013,p.173-183,6illus.,59refs.)Key words:basin evolution,tectonic setting,South China In the Upper Paleozoic and Jurassic se- 相似文献
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正20141912Cao Hui(State Key Laboratory for Continental Tectonics and Dynamics,Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China)Gravitational Collapse and Folding during Orogenesis:A Comparative Study of FIA Trends and Fold Axial Plane Traces(Geology in China,ISSN1000-3657,CN11-1167/P,40(6),2013,p.1818-1828,9illus.,35refs.,with 相似文献