纤维状硅灰石/聚丙烯复合材料界面性能研究

以未改性纤维状硅灰石粉、硬脂酸改性纤维状硅灰石粉与聚丙烯混炼制成聚丙烯复合材料。利用平衡接触角仪间接测得聚丙烯基体和矿物粉体的表面自由能。计算出纤维状硅灰石／聚丙烯界面的粘附功Wa和界面张力γSL等热力学参数。分析探讨了聚丙烯及矿物粉体表面特性、纤维状硅灰石／聚丙烯界面行为与复合材料力学性能的关系。结果表明：复合两相界面的粘附功Wa和界面张力γSL,共同作用影响复合材料的强度。界面粘附功Wa大,说明两相结合牢固．则复合材料强度大;界面张力γSL小。则粉体在基体中的分散性能好,有利于增加两相间总的接触面积,使复合材料强度增大。研究复合两相的界面行为．找出粘附功Wa和界面张力γSL间的最佳组合。将有助于设计出性能优良的复合材料。为合理地选择和改性填料提供科学依据。     

矿物粉体的表面能及对硅橡胶增强作用的影响

采用平衡接触角法测定了几种矿物粉体及硅橡胶基体的表面能,对矿物／硅橡胶的界面张力、平衡粘附功等热力学参数进行了计算,分析探讨了矿物填料／硅橡胶之间界面相互作用与复合材料力学性能的关系,提出粘附功（Ｗａ）与界面张力（γＳＬ）的比值（Ｗａ／γＳＬ）是衡量矿物填充硅橡胶的力学性能的一个重要参数。     

矿物种类和粉体性质与增强性能的关系

矿物粉体作为硅橡胶增强填料尚不多见。传统的硅橡胶增强填料是气相白碳黑。它的粒度细,比表面积大,聚集态结构优良,增强效果佳［１］;但其生产能耗大,成本高,价格昂贵,限制了具有优良性能的硅橡胶制品的广泛使用。如果能通过某些物理化学处理,把价格低廉的天然矿物加工成硅橡胶增强剂,不仅能促进硅橡胶工业的发展,而且可为矿物的高增值开发利用找到一条新的途径［２］。填料的粉体性质（包括粒度、表面积、形状、晶态等）是决定其增强性能的关键因素之一。本文分析探讨了矿物粉体的种类和粉体性质与增强性能的关系。１　实验部分…     

微晶白云母/PVC复合材料的制备及力学性能研究

针对中国川西地区发现的一种新型矿物资源微晶白云母,以硅烷偶联剂KH-550为改性剂,对微晶白云母进行改性研究,并将表面改性后的微晶白云母加入聚氯乙烯(PVC)材料中制得微晶白云母/PVC复合材料。测试改性粉体与石蜡体系的粘度及复合材料的力学性能,并采用扫描电子显微镜测试研究其微观结构。结果表明:硅烷偶联剂KH-550能有效改善微晶白云母表面与有机物质的界面结合,并且将经硅烷偶联剂KH-550改性的微晶白云母加入PVC基体中能提高微晶白云母/PVC复合材料的力学性能,当硅烷偶联剂的用量为1.2%、微晶白云母用量为35%时,微晶白云母/PVC复合材料的综合力学性能最好。     

改性粘土增强硅橡胶性能的研究

改性粘土增强硅橡胶性能的研究魏从容吴季怀沈振（华侨大学材料物理化学研究所,泉州３６２０１１）关键词粘土矿物质表面改性硅橡胶增强剂粘土矿物作硅橡胶增强剂是粘土综合开发利用的新课题,我们在这方面取得一定的成果［１］。但是,未经改性处理的粘土其增强能力是有...     

聚合物/蒙脱石纳米复合材料制备机理及研究进展

聚合物／蒙脱石纳米复合材料是当前材料科学的研究热点之一。本文在简述了蒙脱石的结构特征和表面有机修饰的基础上，讨论了聚合物／蒙脱石纳米复合材料的形成机理，即改性后蒙脱石内表面性由亲水性转变为亲油性，其片层被聚合物单体插层或撑开，并均匀分散在聚合物基体中，使复合材料的界面结合增强。该复合材料的结构通常采用XRD，TEM结合DSC，TGA，FT-IR，NMR及STM，AFM等方法来表征。最后重点介绍了该类材料的研究现状及技术发展趋势。     

硅灰石质白色颜料的研制

针对硅灰石作为白色颜料的主要不利因素，对其进行超细粉碎和表面化学改性处理，改进硅灰石粉体粒度、粉体表面组成和表面结构，提高粉体的白度和折射率，进而提高遮盖力。改性后的硅灰石超细粉体具有良好的高级白色颜料性能。     

改性高岭土对丁苯橡胶的增强和阻隔作用研究

利用化学改性的高岭土(MK)和沉淀白碳黑(PS)作为增强荆,与丁苯橡胶(SBR)进行熔融共混和乳液共混制备橡胶复合材料,并对其力学性能、气体阻隔性能、热稳定性能以及微观结构进行分析测试,结果表明:改性高岭土在丁苯橡胶基体中达到了纳米水平的均匀分散,片层多呈平行定向排列,对橡胶大分子具有圈闭限制作用,明显改善了复合材料的力学性能和热稳定性能;另外,高岭石片层的不可穿透性,有效延长了气体分子在橡胶中的渗透路径,复合材料的透气率降低了40%～60%,气体阻隔性能得到了显著的提高;而且,片状结构的改性高岭土比球状结构的白碳黑更其有阻隔优势.     

PVC／蒙脱石（粘）土纳米复合材料研究进展及其应用

总结分析了PVC／蒙脱石（粘）土纳米复合材料的研究进展，并对其应用进行综述。采用熔融插层、悬浮聚合及乳液聚合等方法可以制备PVC／蒙脱石（粘）土纳米复合材料，并被应用到工程材料、阻隔性材料、功能性材料等领域。PVC／蒙脱石（粘）土纳米复合材料与传统的复合材料相比，表现出了更优越的综合性能，且比传统的复合材料轻，具有高强度、高模量、高耐热性、低吸湿性、高尺寸稳定性、阻隔性能好，性能全而超过了PVC树脂。PVC／蒙脱石（粘）土纳米复合材料不仅具有良好的加工性能，与普通的玻璃纤维增强和矿物增强PVC相比，具有密度低、耐磨性好、综合性能优等特性。     

环氧树脂/金云母纳米复合材料的制备与表征

以环氧树脂为基体,二甲基苄胺为固化剂,经结构修饰和有机改性的金云母为增强相,制备了环氧树脂/金云母纳米复合材料,测试了环氧树脂/金云母纳米复合材料的结构、形貌、力学和电学性能。研究了金云母添加量、混合时间以及固化剂添加方式等因素对金云母在环氧树脂中剥离程度的影响。力学性能测试表明,当金云母含量为1%时复合材料的性能最好,与纯树脂相比,拉伸强度提高了32.33%,弯曲强度提高了53.77%,冲击强度提高了127%。电学性能测试表明,当金云母含量为1%时,复合材料体积电导率和表面电导率分别比纯树脂提高了2个和4个数量级。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

NONMETALS DEPOSITS

正20141520 Bo Ying(Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment,MLR,Beijing 100037,China);Liu Chenglin Saline Spring Hydrochemical Characteristics and Indicators for Potassium Exploration in Southwestern and Northern Tarim Basin,Xinjiang(Acta Geoscientica Sinica,ISSN1006-3021,CN11-3474/P,34(5),2013,p.594-602,5 illus.,3 tables,28 refs.)     

MATHEMATICAL GEOLOGY

正20141243Chen Ge(Hangzhou Research Institute of Petroleum Geology,PetroChina,Hangzhou 310023,China);Si Chunsong Study on Sedimentary Numerical Simulation Method of Fan Delta Sand Body(Journal of Geology,     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20142599Chen Sanming(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Concealed Deposits Exploration,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin541004,China);He Yuzhou Block Model and Reserves Estimation of Panzhihua Iron Deposit Based on 3D Geological Modeling(Journal of Guilin University of Technology,ISSN1674-9057,CN45-1375/N,33(4),2013,p.610-615,9illus.,1table,15refs.)     

STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY

正20140594 Bai Daoyuan(Hunan Institute of Geology Survey,Changsha 410016,China);Zhong Xiang Faults in the Jingzhou Basin and Their Tectonic Settings(Geotectonica et Metallogenia,ISSN1001-1552,CN44-1595/P,37(2),2013,p.173-183,6illus.,59refs.)Key words:basin evolution,tectonic setting,South China In the Upper Paleozoic and Jurassic se-     

STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY

正20141912Cao Hui(State Key Laboratory for Continental Tectonics and Dynamics,Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China)Gravitational Collapse and Folding during Orogenesis:A Comparative Study of FIA Trends and Fold Axial Plane Traces(Geology in China,ISSN1000-3657,CN11-1167/P,40(6),2013,p.1818-1828,9illus.,35refs.,with