新疆喀喇昆仑山及东昆仑山海相三叠系研究

喀喇昆仑及东昆仑山三叠纪地层较发育,其下、中、上三统均有存在,主要为海相沉积,其中有大量动物化石作为地层划分根据.下三叠统含放射虫硅质岩,局部见有大量玄武玢岩,代表了深海沉积;中三叠统为含双壳类灰岩、硅质岩及含海百合茎砂岩等;上三叠统,以含海燕蛤、床板珊瑚、层孔虫灰岩为主,其顶部为含有植物化石的陆相沉积.     

北羌塘地区北缘上三叠统若拉岗日岩群地层特征及沉积环境

北羌塘地区北缘上三叠统若拉岗日岩群分布于北羌塘陆块与拉竹龙-金沙江缝合带之间的若拉岗日冲断带,以砂泥质复理石、中基性-超基性火山岩及大理岩组合为特征,夹晚二叠世灰岩岩片及蛇绿岩残块。岩石低-中级变质,构造变形强烈,顶底均被断层切割断失,为总体无序、局部有序的构造-地层体。若拉岗日岩群中基性火山岩具有洋岛和岛弧型成因,它是金沙江洋盆在晚三叠世向南俯冲,而在其南缘形成的岛弧带沉积。在若拉岗日岩群采获大量上三叠统常见的孢粉、腕足、双壳类生物化石,其玄武岩年龄值为201±4Ma(Ar-Ar法),时代属诺利期。     

新疆且末县黄羊沟地区三叠系西长沟组的厘定及其意义

在青藏高原北缘1:25万区调工作中,于新疆且末县黄羊沟、西长沟一带原下石炭统地层中首次采获丰富的早三叠世孢粉化石,通过岩石组合、沉积特征、地质时代的研究,将含早三叠世化石的地层体从下石炭统地层中分离出来,厘定为下三叠统西长沟组,并探讨了该组的地质意义。     

藏北阿木岗群,查叠群和鲁谷组放射虫的发现及有关问题讨论

通常人们一直认为阿木岗（戈木日）群是所谓“羌塘地块”的前寒武纪或前泥盆纪基底，曾发现古生物化石的“中泥盆统”查叠群和“下二叠统”鲁谷组等是其上的晚古生代盖层沉积。本次工作在阿木岗群和鲁谷组中分别发现中－晚三叠世放射虫化石组合；在查桑群中发现二叠纪中－晚期放射虫化石组合。结合野外实际考察和前人研究成果，本文就有关问题作了讨论。     

大贵州滩下三叠统岩石和化学地层对比

南盘江盆地中的大贵州滩为一个自晚二叠世末期开始发育,至晚三叠世初期停止生长的孤立型碳酸盐岩台地。早期的研究工作主要集中于台地内部、北部斜坡和盆地边缘,并认为大贵州滩下三叠统地层格架的几何形态近于对称。本次研究以下三叠统岩石地层对比为基础,借助早三叠世期间δ13C波动频繁且幅度较大的特点进行化学地层对比后发现：台地南缘二...     

黄陵穹隆东、西两翼上三叠统的精细对比

报道了采自于鄂西巴东县上三叠统沙镇溪组新层型剖面3种楔羽叶植物化石，即Sphenozamites marioni Counillon，Sph．fenshuilingensis Meng和Sph．cf．changi Sze。在分析秭归盆地上／中三叠系接触界面特征和化石组合带的基础上，指出盆地西缘上三叠统与下伏中三叠统为连续沉积，而东缘则呈假整合接触。依据黄陵穹隆东、西翼上三叠统的岩性特征、动植物化石和与下伏地层的接触关系，提出荆门—当阳盆地上三叠统王龙滩组和九里岗组可分别与秭归盆地沙镇溪组上部和中下部进行精细对比。     

湖北秭归泄滩沙镇溪组底部轮藻化石的发现

晚三叠世轮藻化石在世界各地发现很少，在我国南方亦尚属首次发现。报道了秭归盆地上三叠统沙镇溪组底部的轮藻化石，计有3属4种(包括2个新种)：Stellatochara subspaerica Kozur et Reinhardt,S.xietanensis sp.nov.,Cuneatochara sanxiaensis sp.nov.,Vladimiriella decora(Saidakovsky)。根据沙镇溪组轮藻化石在国内外地质时期的分布，结合同层中所产孢粉化石的组合特征，详细讨论了含化石层位的地质时代，认为属晚三叠世早期，并对当时的古植被、古地理、古气候做了初步探讨，对化石进行了描述。     

甘肃合作早三叠世钙质超微化石的发现

在甘肃合作地区早三叠世地层中发现了钙质超微化石，共属３种，共文描述了２个新属３个新种。它们位于斜坡脚－盆地的深海沉积环境中，与早三叠世早期双壳类Ｃｌａｒａｉａ共生，其下部有具早三叠世面貌的孢粉组合。经能谱成成分分析，这些化石为钙质。这些钙质微化石的发现使钙质超微化石的时代分布的可靠记录延至早三叠世。为今后中生代地层的划分对比及钙质超微化石的演化研究提供了较好的资料。文中依据所发现的钙质超微化石对沉     

四川天全,芦山,宝兴地区须家河组双壳类动物群

文章报道四咱天全沙坪、芦山双石、宝兴灵关等地的上三叠统须家河组中丰富的双壳类动物群，建立了一个以Ｙｕｎｎａｎｏｐｈｏｒｕｓ－Ｐｅｒｍｏｐｈｏｒｕｓ－Ｗｅｉｙｕａｎｅｌｌａ为特征分子的组合带，分析了双壳类化石组合特征，描述双壳类化石５新种。它的研究对四川盆地西部和西北部须家河组地层的划分和邻区对比以及古地理概况和煤地层的认识，提供了新的素材。     

陕西铜川晚三叠世孢粉植物群及其环境意义

本文基于陕西铜川地区上三叠统永坪组和瓦窑堡组发现的孢子花粉化石28属46种的研究,建立了研究区晚三叠世早期至晚期孢粉植物群。根据孢粉植物群的特征探讨了该区晚三叠世古生态、古气候、古地理和沉积环境。研究结果认为研究区晚三叠世早期古气候和沉积环境有利于石油的形成,晚期古气候和沉积环境有利于煤炭和天然气的形成。     

Late Triassic sedimentary records in the northern Tethyan Himalaya:Tectonic link with Greater India

The Upper Triassic flysch sediments(Nieru Formation and Langjiexue Group)exposed in the Eastern Tethyan Himalayan Sequence are crucial for unraveling the controversial paleogeography and paleotectonics of the Himalayan orogen.This work reports new detrital zircon U-Pb ages and whole-rock geochemical data for clastic rocks from flysch strata in the Shannan area.The mineral modal composition data suggest that these units were mainly sourced from recycled orogen provenances.The chemical compositions of the sandstones in the strata are similar to the chemical composition of upper continental crust.These rocks have relatively low Chemical Index of Alteration values(with an average of 62)and Index of Compositional Variability values(0.69),indicating that they experienced weak weathering and were mainly derived from a mature source.The geochemical compositions of the Upper Triassic strata are similar to those of graywackes from continental island arcs and are indicative of an acidicintermediate igneous source.Furthermore,hornblende and feldspar experienced decomposition in the provenance,and the sediment became enriched in zircon and monazite during sediment transport.The detrital zircons in the strata feature two main age peaks at 225-275 Ma and 500-600 Ma,nearly continuous Paleoproterozoic to Neoproterozoic ages,and a broad inconspicuous cluster in the Tonian-Stenian(800-1200 Ma).The detrital zircons from the Upper Triassic sandstones in the study area lack peaks at 300-325 Ma(characteristic of the Lhasa block)and 1150-1200 Ma(characteristic of the Lhasa and West Australia blocks).Therefore,neither the Lhasa block nor the West Australia blocks likely acted as the main provenance of the Upper Triassic strata.Newly discovered Permian-Triassic basalt and mafic dikes in the Himalayas could have provided the 225-275 Ma detrital zircons.Therefore,Indian and Himalayan units were the main provenances of the flysch strata.The Tethyan Himalaya was part of the northern passive margin and was not an exotic terrane separated from India during the Permian to Early Cretaceous.This evidence suggests that the Neo-Tethyan ocean opened prior to the Late Triassic and that the Upper Triassic deposits were derived from continental crustal fragments adjacent to the northern passive continental margin of Greater India.     

云南鲁史三合洞组地层时代讨论

云南兰坪盆地三合洞组的时代存在争议,有早古生代和中生代两种观点。本文通过对云南鲁史上三叠统三合洞组和挖鲁八组岩石地层、古生物化石、微体化石及碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学研究,认为三合洞组时代为晚三叠世。本区三合洞组生物碎屑灰岩、泥晶灰岩及白云质灰岩与挖鲁八组炭质板岩呈整合接触关系,与歪古村组砂质板岩呈逆断层接触关系,整体表现为倒转地层。挖鲁八组炭质板岩中采获叉皱海燕蛤、虚海燕蛤等晚三叠世化石,而三合洞组灰岩中的小欣德牙形刺、奥泽克刺、滑梯螺、长卵形槽花介等微体化石时代也为晚三叠世。笔者从挖鲁八组粉砂岩中获得碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄,其最小年龄为218 Ma,指示挖鲁八组的最晚沉积时代为晚三叠世。综合生物化石和同位素年代学资料,认为兰坪盆地三合洞组的时代为晚三叠世。     

西藏措勤打加错地区上三叠统江让组的发现及其地质意义

在西藏措勤打加错地区新发现上三叠统江让组,其为一套海相碎屑岩及碳酸盐岩沉积建造,岩性主要为不等厚层状石英质砾岩、深灰色薄层状—块状生物碎屑微晶灰岩、含砂粉砂质微晶灰岩、含石英砾质生物碎屑灰岩、砂屑灰岩夹钙质细砂岩,产珊瑚Distichophyllia sp.,Volzeia sp.,Montlivaltia sp.,M.cf.xainzaensis、海绵:Hartmanina sp.和双壳类Xenocardita?sp.,时代为晚三叠世卡尼期-诺利期,与下二叠统昂杰组呈角度不整合接触。江让组在该地区的发现,完善了冈底斯西部三叠纪的地层系统,为研究印支运动对冈底斯西部的影响和古特提斯洋的演化提供了依据。     

广西西部早三叠世双壳类组合

<正> 广西西部早三叠世地层发育,分布广泛,化石丰富。前人对其有不少研究。早期主要有徐瑞粦(1932)、许德佑(1936—1937,1938)、赵金科等(1940—1943)对本区有关地层进行调查研究。解放后,菊石由赵金科(1959)系统深入地研究,建立了广西西部下三叠统逻楼群8个菊石带,为华南早三叠世地层分类奠定了基础。到1976年,早三叠世     

Stratigraphic significance of Middle Triassic radiolarians from the central part of Kotel’nyi Island (New Siberian Islands)

New data on Middle Triassic radiolarians from the central part of Kotel’nyi Island are discussed. The Triassic section is represented by clays and mudstones with diverse macro- and microfossils, which confirm the presence of lower Anisian, upper Anisian, and upper Ladinian sediments on the island. The lower Anisian Substage 10–15 m thick is composed of clays with ammonoid species Karangatites evolutus. The upper Anisian Substage 20 m thick consists of clays with phosphate concretions and bivalves Daonella sp. cf. D. moussoni Merian, D. americana Smith, ammonoid form Indigirophyllites sp. ex gr. I. spetsbergensis (Oeberg), and radiolarian assemblage with Glomeropyle boreale Bragin. The upper Ladinian Substage 25–30 m thick is composed of clays with phosphate concretions and bivalves including Daonella frami Kittl., ammonoid species Indigirophyllites sp. ex gr. I. oimekonensis Popow, and radiolarian assemblage with Muelleritortis firma (Gorican). The middle Anisian and lower Ladinian substages are missing, which may be explained by the incompleteness of the section. The Middle Triassic section of Kotel’nyi Island is first stratified on the basis of radiolarians, which are supplemented by the data on cephalopods and bivalves. Glomeropyle saccum Bragin, sp. nov. is described.     

湖北兴山峡口早三叠世双壳类生物地层及古群落分析

湖北兴山峡口剖面位于早三叠世中扬子碳酸盐缓坡较深水区域, 是我国海相二叠系-三叠系典型剖面之一.根据该剖面下三叠统大冶组地层中双壳类的垂直分布, 结合区域资料, 将该地区早三叠世早期双壳类划分为4个生物地层单位, 自下而上依次为: (1) Claraiastachei-C.griesbachi带; (2) Claraia concentrica-C.hubeiensis带; (3) Eumorphotis multiformis-E.in-aequicostata带; (4) Posidoniacircularis-P.cf.wengensis带.为了探讨生物群面貌与环境演变之间的关系, 根据双壳类的产出特征及其赋存岩石的沉积特征, 建立了3个化石群落: (1) Claraiaconcentrica-C.aurita群落; (2) Eumorphotis inaequicostata-E.multiformis群落; (3) Posidonia circularis群落.早三叠世早期双壳类群落演替, 反映了该地区早三叠世早Dienerian期海水曾一度变浅, 之后随着海侵的扩大, 水体逐渐加深.二叠纪末生物大灭绝后海洋环境动荡, 可能是早三叠世海洋生态系复苏过程延长的重要原因.      

贵州紫云四大寨早三叠世地层初步研究

贵州紫云四大寨剖面下三叠统发育较齐全,化石较丰富。在此剖面上发现了大量牙形石、双壳类、菊石等生物化石,其中牙形石在该剖面上为首次发现,并识别出了早三叠世Neospathodusdieneri带、Neospathoduscrista-galli带、Neospathoduswaageni带和Neospathodushomeri-Neospathodustriangularis带的重要牙形石分子或带化石,可与国际同期地层中相应的牙形石化石带进行较好的对比;同时还发现了Claraiagriesbachi-C.concentrica组合和Claraiastachei-Claraiaaurita组合带的双壳类代表性分子。通过对这些化石综合分析,大致拟定了本剖面下三叠统格里斯巴赫亚阶(Griesbachian)、亭纳尔亚阶(Dienerian)、斯密斯亚阶(Smithian)和斯派斯亚阶(Spathian)的年代地层单位界线。     

Analyses of Sequence Stratigraphy and Environments across Permian—Triassic Boundary in Liaotian, Northwestern Jiangxi Province

Based on the study of lithology, sedimentology and paleontology at the Permian-Triassic boundary in Liaotian, Northwestern Jiangxi Province, the sequence stratigraphy and depositional environments across the boundary are reconstructed. The top part of the Upper Permian Changxing Formation is composed of very thick-bedded ligh-colored dolomitic limestone formed in high deposition rate on carbonate ramp,which indacates a transgression systems tract (TST). The Lower Triassic Qinglong Formation shows continuous deposition with the underlying Upper Permian. The lower member of Qinglong Formation consists of calcareous shale, shelly limestome and dolomitic limestone with abundant bivalves (Claraia sp.) and trace fossills (Chondrites). The calcareous shale at the bottom of Lower Triassic indicates a calm deep water environment to form the condensed section (CS). The shelly limestome and dolomitic limeston with shell fossils, intraclast, algal ooide show clean but turbulent environment of carbonate ramp, which produce the deposition of highstand systems tract (TST).     

西藏措勤断块中—上三叠统嘎热扎地组的建立

在西藏措勤断块新建了中三叠统—上三叠统卡尼阶岩石地层单位——嘎热扎地组.在建组剖面上,嘎热扎地组厚约485 m,下部岩性以碎屑岩为主,上部岩性为碎屑岩夹灰岩.嘎热扎地组与下伏上二叠统—下三叠统木纠错组、上覆上三叠统诺利阶麦龙岗组均为整合接触关系.该组尚未发现指示地层时代的化石,但前人在其下伏的木纠错组中发现了早三叠世牙...