利用风资料判断飞机颠簸的一种方法

从非线性的Boussinesq方程入手,分析湍能发展与风的关系,进而提出了利用风资料判断飞机颠簸出现的一种方法     

高空急流区飞机颠簸的一种形成机制的探讨

作者应用动力学分析方法，结合观测飞机颠簸的事实，对高空急流区飞机颠簸的一种形成机理进行了理论探讨。结果表明，高空急流区温度平流分布的不均匀性，会在急流附近等温线密集区边缘激发出空气垂直运动和湍流，引起飞机颠簸。     

基于中分辨率成像光谱仪数据的洋面云检测新方法的研究

提出了一种利用中分辨率成像光谱仪热红外窗区通道数据进行云、晴空分离的新方法。该云检测算法从热红外窗区通道亮温出发,并结合水汽廓线,运用水汽规度法计算规度因子的值,利用规度因子的数值状态实现分离云和晴空,从而达到云检测的目的。经过大量的实验,并将结果与中分辨率成像光谱仪官方云检测产品作对比分析,结果表明准确率为91％,算法具有可行性。     

基于中分辨率成像光谱仪数据的洋面云检测新方法的研究

提出了一种利用中分辨率成像光谱仪热红外窗区通道数据进行云、晴空分离的新方法。该云检测算法从热红外窗区通道亮温出发,并结合水汽廓线,运用水汽规度法计算规度因子的值,利用规度因子的数值状态实现分离云和晴空,从而达到云检测的目的。经过大量的实验,并将结果与中分辨率成像光谱仪官方云检测产品作对比分析,结果表明准确率为91％,算法具有可行性。     

云垂直结构的可行性检验的信息数字化方法分析

利用气象探空资料,采用信息数字化的溃变结构图（V-3θ）法分析多个个例的云垂直结构,发现此方法能判定晴空和云区及其云层的位置,清晰分辨出云顶、云底及多层云、云夹层等结构。并将得到的分析结果与相对湿度阈值法判定的进行对比分析,结合实况发现一致性较好,验证了V-3θ结构图法判断云的垂直结构具有可行性,具有实际应用价值。     

激光云高仪消光系数区分北京地区晴空与雾霾初步研究

针对目前气象观测上主要利用水平能见度和相对湿度间接判定雾霾,没有直接判定雾霾的算法,提出了依据激光云高仪消光系数区分晴空与雾霾的消光系数高度阈值法。采用数理统计方法分析了2011年12月~2012年6月中国气象局气象探测中心云自动化观测考核(北京)中的CYY-2型激光雷达测云仪的垂直路径消光系数数据。分晴空、雾、霾三种不同的天气现象选取了大量数据样本参与统计分析,得到了两个阈值:消光系数阈值0.2(1/km)、高度阈值100米。重新选取了大量数据样本对阈值的合理性进行了验证,结果显示运用这两个阈值能够区分晴空与雾霾天气现象。研究结果表明,在水平能见度与相对湿度未知的情况下,运用激光云高仪消光系数数据,采用消光系数高度阈值法能够有效地区分晴空与雾霾。     

拉萨地区六月中、下旬逆温观测与混合层模式、分析及应用研究

本文利用1986年中美联合青藏高原大气科学实验资料,对拉萨地区所存在的逆温现象尤其是边界层内存在的逆温进行了分析,试用耗散结构理论修正Tennekes等提出的数学模式建立了高原边界层内的混合层模式。 分析表明,拉萨地区白天仍有逆温存在。高原上的混合层具有比湿较海洋上不稳定和层底较高的特点。混合层的形成与逆温有关,逆温是混合层存在的边界约束条件之一,尤其在高原晴空区。 此外,本文还利用资料对本文所提出的混合层数学模式进行了验证和定性分析。     

西风急流斜压不稳定的定性分析

本文使用斜压不稳定的判据和能量方程,对所设计的西风急流模式定性讨论了它的斜压不稳定性,得出了西风急流斜压不稳定的易发生区、西风急流斜压不稳定的发展机制等一些有益的结果。     

德州市城区地热水动态与开采量关系

德州市城区多年来因地热水大量开采,地热水位持续下降,并形成了以德州市城区为中心的地热水降落漏斗。根据区内馆陶组热储多年地热水动态与开采量进行分析研究,查明了区内地热水动态与开采量的相互关系,进一步揭示了人为活动的影响,建立了区内地热水动态与开采量相关方程,并通过方程曲线态势分析,提出了区内地热集中开采区馆陶组热储地热水预警开采量,为区内地热资源的可持续开发利用提供了科学依据。     

地震来了怎么办

地震发生时，至关重要的是要有清醒的头脑，镇静自若的态度。只有镇静，才能运用平时学到的知识判断地震的大小和远近。近震常以上下颠簸开始，之后才左右摇摆。远震却以左右摇摆为主，而且声脆，震动小。一般小震和远震不必外逃。     

Wave breaking on turbulent energy budget in the ocean surface mixed layer

As an important physical process at the air-sea interface, wave movement and breaking have a significant effect on the ocean surface mixed layer （OSML）. When breaking waves occur at the ocean surface, turbulent kinetic energy （TKE） is input downwards, and a sublayer is formed near the surface and turbulence vertical mixing is intensively enhanced. A one-dimensional ocean model including the Mellor-Yamada level 2.5 turbulence closure equations was employed in our research on variations in turbulent energy budget within OSML. The influence of wave breaking could be introduced into the model by modifying an existing surface boundary condition of the TKE equation and specifying its input. The vertical diffusion and dissipation of TKE were effectively enhanced in the sublayer when wave breaking was considered. Turbulent energy dissipated in the sublayer was about 92.0% of the total depth-integrated dissipated TKE, which is twice higher than that of non-wave breaking. The shear production of TKE decreased by 3.5% because the mean flow fields tended to be uniform due to wave-enhanced turbulent mixing. As a result, a new local equilibrium between diffusion and dissipation of TKE was reached in the wave-enhanced layer. Below the sublayer, the local equilibrium between shear production and dissipation of TKE agreed with the conclusion drawn from the classical law-of-the-wall （Craig and Banner, 1994）.     

RESPONSE OF THE OCEAN UPPER MIXED LAYER TO ATMOSPHERIC FORCING

Using a one-dimension Turbulence Kinetic Energy(TKE)mixed layer model based on a simple eddyKinetic energy parameterization of the ocean upper mixed layer,some numerical examinations are intro- duced in this paper.These examination results show that the TKE ocean mixed layer model can respondwell to the effect of atmospheric forcing on the ocean upper mixed layer.The joint effect of wind stressand heat exchange on the ocean upper layer has nonlinear characteristics.The adjustment time of the re-sponse of the ocean upper mixed layer to the atmospheric forcing is about 12 hours in this model.     

一种有发展前景的隧道及井巷超前预报技术——电磁导弹探测技术

对于隧道和煤矿井巷的安全掘进 ,超前预报显得特别重要。但由于掌子面前的特殊环境限制及多种干扰的严重影响 ,给隧道及井巷超前预报技术的研究带来许多困难。在瞬变电磁理论的基础上 ,引入新的电磁传播理论———电磁导弹技术 ,作为对该技术的初步探索 ,文章论证了该技术在隧道超前预报中应用的可能性 ,并提出了研究的主要内容和发展方向以及可能取得的新的技术突破和技术支撑     

太平洋海温异常与西南区夏季降水

本文考察了西南区夏季(5～8月)降水距平分布与太平洋海温场的统计相关,认为与冬季太平洋海温场存在三个显著相关区;在此基础上,分析了其相关的物理机制,得到了基本的物理规律,为西南区夏季降水长期预报提供了有意义的参考经验。     

Large eddy simulation of the rotation effect on the ocean turbulence kinetic energy budget in the surface mixed layer

A non-hydrostatic, Boussinesq, and three-dimensional large eddy simulation(LES) model was used to study the impact of the Earth's rotation on turbulence and the redistribution of energy in turbulence kinetic energy(TKE) budget. A set of numerical simulations was conducted,(1) with and without rotation,(2) at different latitudes(10°N, 30°N, 45°N, 60°N, and 80°N),(3) with wave breaking and with Langmuir circulation, and(4) under different wind speeds(5, 10, 20, and 30 m/s). The results show that eddy viscosity decreases when rotation is included, indicating that rotation weakens the turbulence strength. The TKE budget become tight with rotation and the effects of rotation grow with latitude. However, rotation become less important under Langmuir circulation since the transport term is strong in the vertical direction. Finally, simulations were conducted based on field data from the Boundary Layer and Air-Sea Transfer Low Wind(CBLAST-Low) experiment. The results, although more complex, are consistent with the results obtained from earlier simulations using ideal numerical conditions.     

随机模型在沈阳地区地下水位短期预测中的应用

作者应用随机模型中多元线性回归的方法建立了沈阳地区地下水位动态变化模型。沈阳地区地下水位受气象、水文、开采等因素影响,因此建立了3种地下水位短期预测模型。即:气象型、气象开采型、气象水文开采型。为使预测模型接近于地下水位的实际变化状态,作者用有效开采量来提高模型的拟合精度。通过预测成果与实测值的拟合对比,表明用多元线性回归方法对沈阳地区地下水位进行短期预测是可行的。     

任意空间剖面图打印的实用程序

本文介绍了一个根据测站的经度(或纬度)打印任意空间剖面图的实用程序,通过自定义坐标,可打印在国家气象局制的6300号底图上。本程序采用BASIC语言,已在 Apple-Ⅱ上实现,对其中的部分语句修改后,也可以用于IBM-PC等其它微机上,用本程序制图,速度快,准确性高,可作为日常性的天气分析预报工具。     

摄动Wadati-Segur-Ablowitz方程的精确行波解

利用G′/G展开方法求解摄动的Wadati-Segur-Ablowitz（WSA）方程的解,并得到该方程推广形式的行波解,这几组行波解对Schrdinger方程的适定性的研究、可变为Lienard方程形式的一类非线性偏微分方程行波解的求解都有重要意义.为了更好的理解这几组行波解,给出了解的数值模拟图,通过数值模拟图可以直观的了解WSA方程中摄动项对方程波幅的影响.     

Convection:a neglected pathway for downward transfer of wind energy in the oceanic mixed layer

Upper-ocean turbulent mixing plays a vital role in mediating air-sea fluxes and determining mixed-layer properties, but its energy source, especially that near the base of the mixed layer, remains unclear. Here we report a potentially significant yet rarely discussed pathway to turbulent mixing in the convective mixed layer. During convection, as surface fluid drops rapidly in the form of convective plumes, intense turbulence kinetic energy(TKE) generated via surface processes such as wave breaking is advected downward, enhancing TKE and mixing through the layer. The related power, when integrated over the global ocean except near the surface where the direct effect of breaking waves dominates, is estimated at O(1)TW, comparable to that required by maintaining the Meridional Overturning Circulation(MOC). The mechanism in question therefore deserves greater research attention, especially in view of the potential significance of its proper representation in climate models.