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近断层速度脉冲型地震动研究对揭示建筑结构的破坏机理、开展抗震设防以及抗震设计具有重要价值。首先,对速度脉冲成因进行了系统的总结,并探讨了区分方向性效应速度脉冲和滑冲效应速度脉冲的思路;其次,系统地介绍了近断层速度脉冲的识别方法,评述了各种脉冲识别方法的优缺点;然后,基于速度脉冲特性,探讨了前方向性效应对速度脉冲特性的影响以及速度脉冲对反应谱的放大作用;最后,对速度脉冲型地震动输入方法以及对结构响应研究进行了系统总结,探讨了速度脉冲型地震动输入的关键问题。基于丰富的理论研究,未来对于速度脉冲型地震动研究工作应当充分结合实际工程需求,推进理论成果的规范标准化与工程实践。 相似文献
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现浇楼板参与工作后框架结构的pushover分析研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为了研究现浇楼板对钢筋混凝土框架结构抗震性能的影响,本文利用pushover方法对框架结构进行了分析研究,在分析中分别考虑和不考虑现浇楼板及其钢筋对梁抗弯承载力的贡献,通过对计算结果进行分析比较得出了一些结论,并对框架结构抗震设计提出了一些建议。 相似文献
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地质灾害危险性评估在规划建设中的应用实例 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
各类地质灾害对城市规划建设具有重要影响。本文以济南市高新区孙村片区规划建设项目为例,分析了当地地质环境条件特征,对其危险性进行了评估,对区内进行工程建设的适宜性进行了评估,并提出了防治措施及建议。 相似文献
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嫩江断裂带地震活动特征分析 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
简要叙述了对嫩江断裂带的认识,利用Mapsis对嫩江断裂带地震活动进行了时间、空间扫描,并对嫩江断裂带地震活动特征做了进一步的分析研究。 相似文献
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地震应急对策决策支持软件的设计与开发 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
基于空间决策支持技术,设计与开发了地震应急对策软件,在软件的总体设计、功能模块、数据库建设、地震应急对策模型及接口设计与模块集成等方面进行了研究与开发,并在“青岛市地震应急指挥决策支持软件系统”中得到实际应用和检验。实践证明,该软件能够实现城市地震灾害信息的科学管理,智能制定各种地震应急对策和生动的可视化,从而有效提高地震应急的效率和响应速度,为城市地震应急工作提供了有效的辅助决策手段;建成的“青岛市地震应急对策系统”对全国大中城市地震应急指挥技术系统的建设具有示范意义。 相似文献
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地震应急预案作为地震应急的核心文件之一,存在操作性不强,针对性不足等问题。在分析地震应急预案特点的基础上提出一种地震应急处置方案技术。地震应急处置方案是地震发生后,为指导地震应急救援,针对具体应急事件的应急处置工作方案。阐述了地震应急处置方案的特点及其与地震应急预案的关系。论述了地震应急处置方案的组成,包括:处置方案框架、应急决策知识和信息技术支撑平台。介绍了地震应急处置方案的工作原理,在信息技术支撑平台上应用地震应急决策知识修正应急处置方案框架并动态生成处置方案。以地市级为例论述了地震应急处置方案框架,并介绍地震应急决策知识的组成。从而为地震应急处置方案的生成与应用奠定基础,该方案试图在一定程度上改进地震应急预案的不足。 相似文献
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After an earthquake, earthquake emergency response and rescue are important ways to mitigate earthquake-induced losses. Various earthquake emergency maps can provide effective references and guidance to those actions. Currently, related studies include the investigation on symbols of emergency maps, remote sensing emergency mapping and GIS-based mapping methods. However, the existing studies overlook the characteristics of rapidity, dynamicity and variety of presentation methods in making earthquake emergency maps. In this paper, a map template matching method is used to quickly make earthquake emergency maps considering their characteristics. We take investigations on the service objects(users)of the earthquake emergency maps to understand the needs of making earthquake emergency maps. The audience theory in mass media field and map information transmission theory are adopted to classify the users of the earthquake emergency maps into four categories: earthquake emergency commanders, technical staffs for decision-making, earthquake emergency rescuers, and the public. The components of different types of users are described and then their diverse demands in earthquake emergency maps are analyzed, such as the needs of on-field disaster information maps, earthquake information maps, physical geography and social economic maps. Following those needs, we introduce the representation methods of the earthquake emergency maps according to their formats(vector or raster)and contents, such as point symbolization method, kilometer grid method, line symbolization method and range method. Then, we study the rapid plotting method of earthquake emergency map based on map template matching method. The core steps of the method include: 1)before earthquake, the templates of different earthquake emergency maps are designed, prepared and connect the earthquake emergency features with their related spatial database. The map layout and map elements are stored in the templates. 2)After earthquake, the earthquake emergency features will be generated from seismic models(such as attenuation model of earthquake magnitude and seismic intensity)or the information obtained from field investigation. 3)Corresponding earthquake emergency map template is selected in accordance with the generated seismic features. And the features are used to update related features inside the selected template. 4)Minor adjustments are made such as to the map scale and some map annotations to finally generate the formal earthquake emergency map. Architecture of template system of the earthquake emergency maps is designed, including map user level, map template level, template layer level and map element level. Regrading to the architecture, the general map template of earthquake emergency is presented which includes four main regions: title region, main picture region, auxiliary region and annotation region. The main picture region is the essential, which lays geographic background maps and earthquake emergency features. Finally, an earthquake emergency mapping system is developed. Based on the system, a case study is presented, which demonstrates making a simulated seismic intensity influence map. From three aspects, the case presents the application of the template-matching method including: generating earthquake emergency features, substituting the features inside the template with the generated features, and revising map annotations. Therefore, the map template matching method is verified so that it can be used to quickly generate various earthquake emergency maps. 相似文献
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2005年6月21日山西省人民政府在山西省抗震救灾指挥部成功地举行了首次山西省防震减灾领导组地震应急演练。结合这次应急演练的组织实施,分析了省级地震应急演练的基本步骤和设计思路,总结了地震应急演练取得成功的一些经验。 相似文献
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随着城镇化水平的快速提高,地震灾害高风险区域城镇数量不断增加,城镇人口密度增大,加剧了城镇地震灾害的风险。然而县市防震减灾工作部门大多对城镇地震应急的科技支撑能力薄弱,如缺乏专门的技术平台及时对地震灾情进行有效的评估等,影响了当地地震应急的成效。本文针对县市防震减灾工作部门在城镇地震应急快速评估工作中存在的问题,以国家可持续发展实验区丹棱县为例,设计并构建了城镇地震应急快速评估系统,为城镇地震应急快速评估提供了技术平台,可提升县市防震减灾工作部门的地震应急工作科技含量和管理服务能力。 相似文献
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由于地震灾害的不确定性,使得应急救援设备运行速率及使用效率均受到影响,需要进行并行优化处理。对此,提出基于双向并行计算的地震灾害应急救援设备优化方法。以地震灾区灾情等级评估结果为基础,将地震等级及应急救援设备,设备及设备之间的关系进行标准化处理,转化为求解最优解问题;在考虑不确定性的情况下,通过通信时间与救援设备需求进行双向并行处理,优化地震灾害应急救援设备。实验结果表明,采用改进方法进行地震灾害应急救援设备并行优化,能够对地震灾害应急救援设备需求量进行准确预测,提高应急救援设备的运行速率,缩短通信时间,提高应急救援设备的使用效率,具有一定的优势。 相似文献