“麻阳火山群”何以层出不穷——七条地质奇测段新闻出笼背后

媒体对地质奇观报道热情大增 联合国教科文组织2000年推出了地质公园计划，给出地质公园的定义是“以其地质科学意义、珍奇秀丽和独特的地质景观为主，融合自然景观与人文景观的自然公园”，我国很重视地质公园计划的推行，专门立法的《地质遗迹保护管理规定》第八条就明确指出，“要对具有国际、国内和区域性典型意义的地质遗迹建立国家级、省级地质公园”，     

从地景保育观点探讨台湾大油坑停采矿区之再造利用

土地是人类最珍贵的资源。然而，人类对土地资源的迅速开发不仅使该资源逐渐枯竭，且对土地需求的剧增也导致其不断退化。尤以采矿活动的影响最为剧烈。同时一般民众对于停采矿区也较少给予关注，且未能进行有效地环境监测。因此，大多停采矿区常被弃置或任其荒废。有时更因为自然灾害，而导致矿区邻近地区居民生命财产的损伤。甚至也有不肖人士在上述地区任意弃置废弃物……等，对土地资源造成再度伤害。大油坑停采矿区位于台湾岛北端阳明山国家公园内，交通方便。具有后火山活动的喷气孔和温泉景观，过去曾为台湾的采硫重心。本研究依据地景保育的目的与原则，并配合大油坑停采矿区的自然环境特性，考量适当的技术，针对大油坑停采矿区进行地景复育与再造利用的概念规划(concept planning)，进而达到自然资源持续利用和地球科学景点保育的目的。本研究除了文献回顾与文析外，更藉由野外调查，对大油坑停采矿区的再造利用进行研究。结论建议：(1)将大油坑停采矿区内重要且具代表性的喷气孔地质景观密布区，依据地景保育景点予以划定，严格保育，不可进行任何开发活动；(2)位于喷气孔密布区景点周边的支棱、蚀沟分布区、熔岩阶地草原区则可规划为大油坑地质公园，并进行局部的整复工作与小规模的开发活动。如此不仅可达到保护特殊地球自然袭产，并可兼顾区域经济发展的目的，达到自然资源永续利用和地球科学景点保育、教育及游憩的目的。     

第一届世界地质公园大会6月在北京召开

<正> 由国土资源部、联合国教科文组织主办的第一届世界地质公园大会将于2004年6月27-29日在北京召开。本届大会的宗旨是“地质遗迹保护与可持续发展”,目的是交流各国地质遗产保护和地质公园建设的经验,推动世界地质公园健康发展,更好地保护地质遗产;促进地质遗产为科学普及服务,     

四川邻水华蓥山大峡谷地质公园地质遗迹资源体系及地学意义

华蓥山大峡谷地质公园是以峡谷、构造和岩溶地貌为代表的风景地貌类地质公园。本文以华蓥山大峡谷地质公园地质遗迹景观资源为基础, 以川东褶皱带构造单元、川东平行岭谷地貌单元和上扬子地层分区的部分地层区域为研究视角, 构建华蓥山大峡谷地质公园地质遗迹资源体系——包括地质(体、层)剖面、古生物活动遗迹、地貌景观、水体景观以及环境地质遗迹5个大类、15个类共100多处地质遗迹景点; 通过对各类地质遗迹的特征进行分析, 对前人研究进行总结, 探讨了地质公园地质遗迹重要的地学意义。研究表明, 华蓥山大峡谷地质遗迹在地质构造、地层、岩溶学、水文地质学以及地貌学等领域具有重要的科学价值。     

欧洲地质公园的基本特征及其地学基础

在联合国教科文组织和欧盟的支持下，欧洲地质公园建立起来了，含10个成员。各个地质公园有不同的地质科学意义，完全取决于所在地区的地质构造演化历史。欧洲地质构造分区对该区地质遗迹类型、分布和组合有明显的控制作用。在地质公园的调查、评价、规划、建设过程中，地球科学的支撑是极其重要的。     

从地质遗迹的保护到世界地质公园的建立

人类对地质遗产的保护经历了三个阶段：①各国分散建立国家公园零星而无系统的保护地质遗迹;②国际组织发起和推动,形成全球保护地球遗迹的多项活动;③联合国教科文组织地学部提出地质公园计划和建立世界地质公园网络,使地球遗迹保护工作进入一个健康发展的新阶段。中国已建立国家地质公园44个,推动了地球遗产的保护,恢复了地质生态环境,强调了地球科学的普及,支持了地方经济的发展,开拓了居民的就业机会,支持了可持续发展。可以预料,世界地质公园网络的形成一定能揭开地球遗产保护工作新的一页。     

西昌螺髻山地区地质遗迹景观资源及开发建议

螺髻山冰川地质遗迹景观地具有丰富的资源景观,如古冰川地貌景观、温泉景观、岩溶景观、土林景观。其中尤以螺髻山上有限的范围内却保存着齐全的各类冰川地质遗迹景观最具特色。这些地质景观资源具有重要的科学考察意义和旅游观赏价值,是螺髻山地区宝贵的资源。文章细述了各个景观资源的特征,提出了建设螺髻山冰川构造地质公园的构想建议。本项研究旨在以开发地质资源达到保护地质遗迹为目的,从而进一步推动地方经济的发展。     

台湾金瓜石金—铜矿床

台湾北部金瓜石地区是台湾重要的金、铜；、产地。矿体主要以Ａｕ－Ｃｕ脉、含Ａｕ脉及金－铜角砾岩岩筒产出。矿石矿物有：自然金、富银的银金矿、硫砷铜矿、四方硫砷铜矿及含金黄铁矿等。本文总结了金瓜石地区的地质、矿床、区域地质、矿物学、构造地质、岩蚀变、地质勘探，物探及近矿因素等方面的研究成果，对扩大找矿远景区有一定的指导意义。     

龙门山地质公园

龙门山突出的特色是内陆推覆造山。本文就其间最具代表性的龙门山中段建立地质公园进行了论述。将公园内半富的旅游景观资源分为三大类23亚类。按景观、景点、景区和旅游区四个级别进行分区;以导向性景观、重要性景观和配套性景观进行综合评价。笔者认为龙门山中段具有建立以导向性景观为主体,以重要性景观为重要内容,开展多功能、多层次为目的的地质公园的价值。     

硅化木保护保育方法探讨与实践 ——以四川射洪硅化木国家地质公园为例

四川射洪硅化木地质公园有我国南方地区规模最大、保存最完好的硅化木化石群。本文主要通过在射洪硅化木国家地质公园王家沟硅化木遗址馆内的硅化木进行保护保育试验,对比了保护保育前后的效果,重点对射洪硅化木形成的地质背景和使用的保护保育方法进行了介绍。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an