共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 296 毫秒
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《华南地震》2016,(4)
层间隔震结构是基础隔震结构的发展与延伸,作为一种复杂结构体系,基础隔震结构的工作机理不一定完全适合,延长结构的周期可能无法同时降低上、下部结构的地震响应。此类体系以往的理论及试验研究,隔震层的阻尼多由铅芯橡胶支座提供,采用天然橡胶支座及黏滞阻尼器作为隔震层,进行了层间隔震结构振动台试验研究。设计了一个4层的钢框架模型,依次进行了基础固接、基础隔震、1层顶隔震、2层顶隔震及3层顶隔震的振动台试验研究,测定结构的加速度、层间位移及层剪力系数。试验结果表明:黏滞阻尼器层间隔震结构具有良好的减震效果。建立了层间隔震结构的有限元模型,将有限元分析结果与试验结果进行了对比。 相似文献
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层间隔震结构是由基础隔震结构发展而来的一种新型隔震结构。为研究层间隔震结构的倒塌,需先研究不同层间隔震结构的不同失效模式和失效位置,文章建立了3个不同结构参数的层间隔震结构有限元模型,选取20条与抗震规范反应谱吻合的地震动,采用增量动力分析(IDA)方法,分别对其失效模式和失效位置进行研究。研究表明:基于不同的结构参数,层间隔震的基本失效模式有三种,即隔震层水平位移超限导致结构失效、下部结构层间位移角超限导致结构失效、隔震层拉压应力超限导致结构失效;隔震层下部结构和隔震层最外边缘支座为结构的薄弱位置,应引起更多关注。此方法不仅可以研究结构的不同失效模式,还可以确定失效位置,可为下一步层间隔震结构的抗倒塌分析提供理论基础。 相似文献
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基于动力可靠度的隔震结构参数模糊优化 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
分别选取Bouc—Wen和退化Bouc—Wen模型描述隔震层及上部结构滞变回复力,采用虚拟激励法进行隔震结构随机响应分析。用各层最大层间位移响应和累计疲劳损伤指数建立双参数的功能状态方程,用一次二阶矩理论计算隔震结构失效概率。选用一个隔震框架作为数值算例,探讨了低频过滤器、隔震阻尼比和隔震刚度对隔震结构各子系统条件失效概率的影响。建立了隔震结构参数多目标优化模型,用失效概率确定单因素评判的隶属度,并采用最大隶属度法对隔震参数进行模糊优化。 相似文献
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通过离散弹簧模型模拟层间隔震结构的土-结构相互作用(SSI效应),建立了层间隔震结构考虑SSI效应的简化4自由度体系(4-DOF)的结构动力方程,推导了由4自由度体系(4-DOF)向等效2自由度体系(2-DOF)的等效方程。基于等效2-DOF简化计算模型,给出了考虑SSI效应的层间隔震结构地震响应预测的计算流程,并通过一个算例对两种简化模型进行了对比验证分析。结果表明:对层间隔震结构进行考虑SSI效应的地震响应预测分析时,基于等效2-DOF的简化计算模型可替代常用的4-DOF模型,方法简单有效且精度符合要求。 相似文献
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抗拔型三重摩擦摆隔震支座是一种新型隔震支座。以框架结构为例,利用ANSYS软件建立了6层和10层普通抗震结构和带该支座的基础隔震结构模型;通过模态分析,得到了结构的自振周期;通过地震响应分析,提取了6层框架隔震层和顶层的位移、加速度和剪力时程曲线,并提取了不同层数不同结构类型的各层间位移、加速度幅值。结果表明:与抗震结构相比,基础隔震结构周期显著增大;隔震结构的变形主要集中在隔震层,隔震层以上的结构基本为整体平动,结构的地震位移反应得到了有效的减小;采用抗拔型三重摩擦摆隔震支座能降低结构地震加速度反应;设置抗拔型三重摩擦摆隔震支座的多层数隔震结构的能量衰减不如低层数的隔震结构迅速。 相似文献
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将二硫化钼作为摩擦材料设计出一种带限位器的滑移隔震支座。根据多层框架结构变形的特点,给出适用于滑移框架隔震结构的计算模型,推导出层间滑移隔震结构的运动方程。运用SAP2000有限元软件建立一层间滑移框架隔震结构的有限元模型,对比分析El Centro地震波下摩擦系数和隔震层位置不同时隔震结构的地震反应。结果表明,上部结构的动力反应随摩擦系数的增加而不断增大,滑移隔震结构的减震效果逐渐减弱,但隔震层的滑移量却在不断减小;摩擦系数的选取应综合考虑减震效果和隔震层滑移量两个因素。随着隔震层的增高,结构的加速度反应和层间位移反应整体上呈增大趋势,隔震效果不断减弱,且隔震层的加速度值下部层比上部层要大得多,一层隔震和三层隔震时的变形主要集中于隔震层,而五层隔震时结构层间位移并未出现突变,说明隔震层设置在较高位置处对结构体系的影响较小。 相似文献
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利用实体软钢棒作为消能限位装置,将一种摩擦性能优良的二硫化钼材料作为隔震支座的滑移材料,提出并制作了一种可以应用于框架结构既能隔震又可以消能的新型摩擦滑移隔震装置。探讨了其设计方法和应用方法,并对安装了该新型摩擦滑移隔震装置的一相似比为1:5的5层框架结构模型进行了振动台试验,测试了框架结构在单向地震波作用下的地震反应规律,分析了摩擦滑移隔震结构的加速度反应、层间剪力反应、隔震层滑移量及隔震层剪力的变化规律。结果表明:一般情况下当设防烈度为8度,Ⅱ类场地时,该隔震结构的加速度响应可降低50%左右,层间剪力响应可降低50%左右,减震效果比较明显。另外,只要确定合理的构造方案和实施方案,这种新型摩擦滑移隔震装置就能满足框架结构的隔震减震要求,可应用于实际工程结构中。 相似文献
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ZHOU Zheng-hua LI Yu-ping ZHOU You LI Xiao-jun CHEN Liu SU Jie DONG Qing WANG Ya-fei 《地震地质》2019,41(5):1254-1265
Studies on the effect of near-surface overburden soil layers on seismic motion have shown that the overburden soil layers have a significant impact on the seismic effect of the site due to the formation age, genetic type, thickness difference, structure, and dynamic characteristics of the soil layers. In this paper, the one-dimensional seismic response analysis of a nuclear power plant site containing a thick hard interlayer was conducted to discuss the influence of the hard interlayer thickness on the site seismic response, so as to provide a basis for determining the seismic motion parameters for seismic design of similar sites. Based on the engineering geological data of a nuclear power plant site, five models of one-dimensional soil-layer seismic response analysis were built, and the equivalent linear method of the one-dimensional site seismic response was applied to analyze the effect of the interlayer thickness on the peak acceleration and the acceleration response spectra of the site seismic response. The seismic response characteristics of the site and influence rules of the hard interlayer thickness are summarized as follows:1)Under different input seismic motion levels, the peak acceleration at the top of the hard interlayer was less than the input peak acceleration, and the peak acceleration at the ground surface of site was greater than the input peak acceleration. 2)Under the same input seismic motion, the ratios of the peak accelerations at the top of hard interlayer to the input peak accelerations were smaller than the ratios of the peak accelerations at the ground surface to the input peak acceleration, and these ratios first decreased and then increased gradually with the increase of the hard interlayer thickness; while for the same hard interlayer thickness, these ratios gradually decreased as the input peak acceleration increasing. 3)For the same input seismic motion, the ratios of the peak accelerations at the ground surface of site to those at the top of the hard interlayer increased gradually as the hard interlayer thickness increased; however, corresponding to different hard interlayer thicknesses, the variation characteristics of ratios which are the peak accelerations at the ground surface of site to those at the top of the hard interlayer were inconsistent with the increase of the input peak acceleration. 4)The hard interlayer had a significant influence on the short-period acceleration response spectrum and the thicker the hard interlayer was, the wider the influence frequency band would be; while for a special hard interlayer thickness, the influence frequency band is certain, and the hard interlayer had little effect on the acceleration response spectrum coordinates outside this frequency band, the longer the period is, the less the influence of the hard interlayer on the acceleration response spectrum coordinates. The seismic response characteristics of the site and influence rules of the hard interlayer thickness indicate that the hard interlayer thickness has a significant impact on the peak acceleration and the acceleration response spectra of the site seismic response, and the hard interlayer has obvious isolation effect at the seismic motion, and the increase of its thickness reduces the nonlinear effect of the site and leads to the wider influence frequency band. Meanwhile, the higher the input peak acceleration is, the stronger the nonlinear effect of the site, and it's remarkable that the soft layer overlying the hard interlayer has a significant amplification effect on the seismic motion. 相似文献
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为了研究钢筋-沥青隔震层的材料与几何非线性震动特性,对钢筋-沥青隔震结构进行了振动台试验,分析了结构在不同加速度幅值输入时的隔震性能。同时,在钢材的应力-应变关系基础上,考虑构件竖向力的二次矩效应,提出了钢筋-沥青隔震层骨架曲线的计算方法,并结合双线型恢复力模型的滞回规则,建立了相应的恢复力模型。利用建立的恢复力模型,编制程序进行了弹塑性时程分析,并与试验结果作对比。结果表明:当钢筋-沥青隔震层的受力钢筋进入弹塑性阶段时,隔震层能够吸收大部分地震能量,显著降低上部结构的地震反应;弹塑性时程分析结果与试验结果吻合较好,由此建立的恢复力模型准确并且适用,可为钢筋-沥青隔震层的工程设计与非线性地震反应分析提供参考。 相似文献
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Effects of seismic isolation on the seismic response of a California high‐speed rail prototype bridge with soil‐structure and track‐structure interactions 下载免费PDF全文
With the launch of the high‐speed train project in California, the seismic risk is a crucial concern to the stakeholders. To investigate the seismic behavior of future California High‐Speed Rail (CHSR) bridge structures, a 3D nonlinear finite‐element model of a CHSR prototype bridge is developed. Soil‐structure and track‐structure interactions are accounted for in this comprehensive numerical model used to simulate the seismic response of the bridge and track system. This paper focuses on examining potential benefits and possible drawbacks of the a priori promising application of seismic isolation in CHSR bridges. Nonlinear time history analyses are performed for this prototype bridge subjected to two bidirectional horizontal historical earthquake ground motions each scaled to two different seismic hazard levels. The effect of seismic isolation on the seismic performance of the bridge is investigated through a detailed comparison of the seismic response of the bridge with and without seismic isolation. It is found that seismic isolation significantly reduces the deck acceleration and the force demand in the bridge substructure (i.e., piers and foundations), especially for high‐intensity earthquakes. However, seismic isolation increases the deck displacement (relative to the pile cap) and the stresses in the rails. These findings imply that seismic isolation can be promisingly applied to CHSR bridges with due consideration of balancing its beneficial and detrimental effects through using appropriate isolators design. The optimum seismic isolator properties can be sought by solving a performance‐based optimum seismic design problem using the nonlinear finite‐element model presented herein. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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根据基础隔震理论,在钢筋沥青隔震礅的基础上,提出一种新型钢结构隔震礅,设计和制作了缩尺房屋模型,并对其进行振动台试验。通过对隔震结构模型的动力特性、地震响应及能量平衡分析,绘制试验过程中的加速度及能量时程曲线,研究钢隔震礅应用于低层框架结构的减震耗能能力。大量工程实例可以看出该隔震礅隔震效果显著,制作简单、价格低廉、耐久性好,适于在广大村镇地区低层框架结构中推广使用。试验表明:隔震结构模型在不同的地震作用下,加速度折减系数处在0.24~0.51之间,且结构的阻尼耗能在振动台试验中占总输入能量的60%~70%,对结构耗能起主导作用,说明该基础隔震装置不仅具有较好的减震耗能特性能,对于控制隔震层的位移也有好的效果。 相似文献
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为研究罕遇地震下复合隔震村镇建筑的地震响应特征及设计参数,采用ABAQUS有限元软件建立了复合隔震结构、滑移隔震结构、砂垫层隔震结构以及传统的砌体结构四种模型,通过对比4种模型在不同滑移层摩擦系数及不同地震烈度下的加速度、位移及底部剪力等动力响应差异,得出复合隔震体系的地震响应特征及主要设计参数。结果表明:复合隔震体系具有最优的隔震效果,且滑移层摩擦系数越小,地震烈度越大,隔震效果越好。根据预设40%隔震率的要求,确定出不同抗震设防烈度区的滑移层摩擦系数取值范围。 相似文献