内蒙古黑鹰山富铁矿床磷灰石稀土元素地球化学特征

笔者首次对内蒙古西部黑鹰山富铁矿床两类铁矿石磷灰石进行了稀土元素含量分析,致密块状铁矿石6件磷灰石样品ΣREE含量变化范围为(14776.86~21313.18)×10-6,LREE/HREE比值为8.31~9.18,δEu为0.37~0.40。相比之下,脉状铁矿石2件磷灰石样品ΣREE含量变化范围为(18143.05~20665.82)×10-6,LREE/HREE比值为9.03~9.18,δEu为0.39。所有8件磷灰石稀土元素分配型式均为一组向右倾斜,并且具有明显铕负异常的曲线。黑鹰山铁矿床中磷灰石的最显著特点是稀土元素含量明显高于国内外同类铁矿床磷灰石,为我国宁芜铁矿床和瑞典基鲁纳铁矿床磷灰石的4~10倍。根据磷灰石样品的地球化学特征,并且结合其他岩(矿)相学特征和钐-钕同位素数据,可以推测,磷灰石的形成作用与海西早期构造-岩浆活动有关,富铁矿床很可能是富碱岩浆热液流体喷溢或上侵定位的产物,成矿(岩)物质主要来自以幔源物质为主的壳-幔混源岩浆房。     

阿拉善东七一山大型萤石矿床萤石钐-钕同位素年龄及地质意义

为了查明东七一山矿床的形成过程 ,对主矿体中的 5件萤石样品进行了钐_钕同位素测定 ,所获得的等时线年龄为 (5 11± 5 )Ma和MSWD值为 0 .10。此外 ,14 3 Nd/ 14 4Nd初始比值为 0 .5 1176 0± 5 (2σ)和 εNd(t)为 - 4.2±0 .5 (2σ)。依据上述同位素分析数据 ,同时结合容矿围岩和矿体的地质特征 ,可以推测 ,东七一山萤石矿床是加里东期构造_岩浆活动的产物。成矿热液来源与壳源岩浆结晶分异作用有关。该矿床属侵入岩为主岩的中高温热液萤石矿床     

豫西老庙沟斑岩-矽卡岩型钼矿床花岗斑岩脉成因、辉钼矿Re-Os年龄及其地质意义

豫西老庙沟斑岩-矽卡岩型钼矿床位于EW向马超营断裂带南侧,矿体赋存于花岗斑岩脉与中元古界官道口群杜关组白云岩的内外接触带附近。为了获得该钼矿床的成岩成矿年龄,对7件辉钼矿样品和1件花岗斑岩样品分别开展了Re-Os同位素测年和LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年,结果获得辉钼矿等时线年龄为151.6±5.1 Ma,加权平均年龄为151.9±0.9 Ma,LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb加权平均年龄为152.1±0.6 Ma,成岩成矿年龄一致。结合野外辉钼矿矿体与岩脉的产状关系,确定该岩脉为钼矿的成矿地质体。为了深入探讨成矿岩脉的岩石成因,对5件岩石样品开展了主、微量元素和全岩Sr-Nd同位素分析,以及锆石Hf同位素分析,结果表明花岗斑岩具有高Si、K的特征,为弱过铝质I型花岗岩;相对亏损P、Nb、Ta、Ti,指示其母岩浆经历了磷灰石和富Fe-Ti矿物相的分离结晶;其I_(Sr)=0.7067～0.7099,ε_(Nd)(t)=-20.6～-17.6,ε_(Hf)(t)主要集中于-26.9～-22.6,t_(DM2)(Nd)和锆石t_(DM2)(Hf)分别为2.37～2.61 Ga和2.62～2.88 Ga,与华北克拉通南缘太华岩群结晶基底年龄一致。综合老庙沟花岗斑岩脉的元素-同位素地球化学特征,作者认为老庙沟花岗斑岩脉及钼主要源于太华岩群的部分熔融,其形成的地球动力学背景为古太平洋板块向欧亚大陆俯冲的弧后伸展环境。     

甘肃北山富铁矿床类型、成矿系列及成矿预测

在甘肃北山区域地质背景、含富铁矿岩石建造、富铁矿床地质、地球化学研究基础上，着重对黑鹰山、碧玉山、狼娃山、白山泉、双井子等5个富铁矿床进行了剖析研究。提出甘肃北山富铁矿床有6种矿床类型、5个含富铁矿岩石建造、3个成矿系列（矿浆－热泉成矿系列；火山－热水－沉积成矿系列；火山沉积－气液叠加成矿系列），指出找矿方向，进行了成矿预测。     

内蒙古北山交叉沟地区变质火山岩Sm-Nd同位素研究

交叉沟变质杂岩套主要由斜长角闪岩、片麻岩、长英片岩、绿片岩和条带状混合岩组成 ,为中国西北北山造山带红石山—黑鹰山地体的重要组成部分。长期以来 ,由于缺少可信的同位素年代学数据 ,该套变质岩的形成时代、成岩环境和物质来源尚不清楚。笔者等首次对交叉沟变质杂岩套代表性变质岩进行了 Sm- Nd同位素研究 ,其中斜长角闪岩 Sm- Nd同位素等时线年龄为 12 6 4± 11Ma、其 1 43Nd/ 1 44 Nd初始值为 0 .5 11375± 13,εNd(t)为 7.2 4± 0 .0 2 (2 σ)。与斜长角闪岩样品相比 ,各类片麻岩的 εNd(12 6 4 Ma)值明显偏低 ,变化范围为 1.18～ - 5 .17。依据上述Sm- Nd同位素数据 ,并且结合野外地质证据和岩相学特征 ,认为交叉沟地区斜长角闪岩的原岩为基性火成岩 ,属于幔源基性岩浆活动的产物 ,成岩时代为中元古代 ,而片麻岩的原岩则多为中酸性火成岩 ,其形成过程与古元古代或太古宙古陆壳岩层的再造作用有关。     

煎茶岭地区同位素地质年龄数据及其地质意义

采用Sm—Nd同位素地质年代学方法测得超基性岩体的形成年龄为927×10~6a左右.岩体属于晚元古代产物;侵位其中的有花岗斑岩,其Rb—Sr法全岩等时线年龄为400×10~6a左右,属加东期岩浆活动产物;后期辉长岩等岩脉K—Ar法年龄为206×10~6a左右;结合铅同位素资料,还讨论了煎茶岭地区岩浆演化史、岩石变质文以及镍矿床的主要成矿时代.为研究煎茶岭地区变质超基性岩体地质提供了同位素地质年龄资料.     

辽宁姚家沟钼矿床辉钼矿Re-Os同位素年龄测定及其地质意义

本文对青城子矿田姚家沟钼矿床中的8件辉钼矿样品进行Re-Os同位素分析,所获辉钼矿的模式年龄值为166.1±2.3Ma~169.1±2.5Ma,等时线年龄为168.8±3.9Ma(MSWD=1.12),代表流体成矿年龄,结合姚家沟花岗岩体已有的年代学数据,我们推测姚家沟地区可能存在多期次岩浆侵入,姚家沟钼矿床与168.8±3.9Ma 的岩浆侵入活动有关。结合区域成矿地质背景,我们推断早中侏罗纪时期,姚家沟钼矿床可能受古亚洲洋闭合的影响,是华北板块与西伯利亚板块后碰撞造山阶段构造-岩浆作用及相关流体活动的产物。     

内蒙古西沙德盖钼矿床辉钼矿Re-Os同位素年龄及其地质意义

西沙德盖钼矿床是近年来在内蒙古中西部地区找到的一处中型钼矿床。钼矿化在西沙德盖斑状钾长花岗岩株及其与太古界乌拉山群变质岩接触带内呈浸染状和脉状产出,并且构成透镜状矿体。本次研究过程中,对9件代表性辉钼矿样品进行了Re-Os同位素年龄测定,Re-Os同位素模式年龄值变化范围为222.4～226.3 Ma,等时线年龄为(226.4±3.3) Ma,与赋矿围岩花岗斑岩的成岩年龄一致,由此认为西沙德盖钼矿床与斑状钾长花岗岩的形成时间均为晚三叠世,属印支晚期构造_岩浆活动的产物。结合矿区外围其他钼矿床同位素年龄数据,可以推测,内蒙古中西部大规模钼矿化发生的时间为印支晚期。古大陆内部张裂构造作用所诱发的岩浆活动是导致钼矿床形成的主导因素。     

小秦岭北缘马家洼石英脉型金钼矿床的辉钼矿Re-Os年龄及其意义

马家洼金钼矿床位于小秦岭北缘,矿体发育在由近东西向脆韧性断裂构造带控制的石英脉中。对该矿床辉钼矿样品进行的Re-Os同位素年代学研究表明:模式年龄范围是232.5～268.4 Ma,等时线年龄为(232±11)Ma,即钼成矿作用时代为早、中三叠世。辉钼矿样品的Re含量范围是(0.474～0.791)×10~(-6),初始~(187)Os/~(188)Os比值为2.4±6.4,Re-Os同位素组成特征指示了成矿物质主要来源于地壳。马家洼石英脉型金钼矿床是区域伸展体制下构造-流体成矿事件的产物。在华北板块南缘太古宙基底岩系中的脆韧性断裂构造带中寻找印支期和燕山期石英脉型金钼矿床和钼矿床是一个新的找矿方向。     

阜平群下部太古代变质岩石的REE、Rb-Sr和Sm-Nd年龄及其意义

对采自阜平群下部16个变质岩石样品进行了Sm-Nd年龄测定,部分样品还进行了Rb-Sr年龄测定和REE分析。Sm-Nd同位素结果形成两条等时线。一条等时线具有年龄为:2790±171(2σ)Ma,I_(Nd)=0.50917±16(2σ),ε_(Nd)(t)=±1.6;另一条等时线,t=1949±84(2σ)Ma,I_(Nd)=0.50986±5(2σ),ε_(Nd)(t)=-5.0±1.0。Rb-Sr同位素数据分散,参考等时线年龄为2070Ma。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)