攀西地区的深部地壳结构与构造

根据1984-1985年地震测深资料,论述了攀西地区的深部地质特征。该区地壳厚50-60km;具高、低速相间的多层结构及断块构造;五个主要速度界面中,界面R₄稳定且清晰,为上、下地壳的分界面,R₆稳定并有较强的能量反射,为壳、幔之间的界面（莫霍面）,莫霍面沿构造带北深南浅（56-50km）,横穿构造带西深东浅（60-48km）。构造带内的上地壳较薄,纵横速度变化均较大,而下地壳较厚,速度较均匀,上地壳底部的低速层,在构造带内较带外薄而浅,P_n速度较低,为7.54-7.80km/s,属壳-幔过渡带,厚13-22km。小江、四开、安宁河及金河等断裂为超壳型或壳内断裂,多为逆冲断层。该构造带的各种深部特征表明它为大陆高原型年轻构造带。     

利用区域双差层析成像方法研究川滇南部地壳结构特征

本文联合使用云南、四川和贵州地震台网的85个地震台站在2008年1月—2017年12月期间记录的49130个地震、317366个初至Pg震相绝对到时数据和2674110条高精度的相对到时数据,采用区域双差地震层析成像方法联合反演了川滇南部地壳三维P波速度结构和39621个地震的震源参数,探究了川滇南部中下地壳流和腾冲火山区岩浆囊的分布特征.研究结果表明：（1）川滇南部上地壳的速度异常特征与地表地形密切相关;（2）小江断裂带的中下地壳存在一条绵延近二百多公里的低速异常结构,最南端受到红河断裂带的阻挡而终止于断裂带南段北侧,这可能是川滇南部的一条中下地壳流,低速异常结构在红河断裂带南段转而向南东流动反映了红河断裂带可能为川滇菱形块体的西南边界;（3）红河断裂带各段速度异常存在明显的差异,重定位后的震源分布显示红河断裂带中段和南段虽然不如北段地震活动强烈,但地震震源深度分布较北段深;（4）腾冲火山区西侧和北侧下方10~20 km深度范围内存在的低速异常体推测为通过怒江断裂带形成的岩浆通道从中地壳涌入上地壳的岩浆囊,可能反映了自更新世延续至今的以橄榄玄武岩和安山岩为主要岩性的壳内岩浆活动,持续的岩浆活动为地表热活动提供了主要动力.     

THE 3-D VELOCITY STRUCTURE OF CRUST AND UPPERMOST MANTLE AND ITS TECTONIC IMPLICATIONS IN FUJIAN PROVINCE

It is important to detect the fine velocity structures of the crust and uppermost mantle to understand the regional tectonic evolution, earthquake generation processes, and to conduct earthquake risk assessment. The inversion of uppermost mantle velocity and Moho depth are strongly influenced by crustal velocity heterogeneity. In this study, we collected first arrivals of Pg and Pn and secondary arrivals of Pg wave from the seismograms recorded at Fujian provincial seismic network stations. New 3-D P-wave velocities were inverted by multi-phase joint inversion method in Fujian Province. Our results show that the fault zones in Fujian Province have various velocity patterns. The shallow crust is characterized by high velocity that represents mountains, while the mid-lower crust shows low velocities. The anomalous velocities are correlated closely with tectonic faults in Fujian Province. Velocity anomalies mainly show NE-trending distribution, especially in the mid-lower crust and uppermost mantle, which is consistent with the NE-trending of the regional main fault zones. Meanwhile, a part of velocity patterns show NW trending, which is related to the secondary NW-oriented faults. Such velocity distribution also shows a geological structural pattern of "zoning in east-west direction and blocking in north-south direction" in Fujian area. In the crust, a low velocity zone is found along Zhenghe-Dapu fault zone as mentioned by previous study, however our result shows the low velocity exists at depth of 20~30km in mid-lower crust. Compared with previous study, this low velocity zone is larger and deeper both in range and depth. The crustal thickness of 28~35km from our joint inversion is similar to the results from the receiver functions of previous studies. The thinnest crust(28km)is observed at offshore in the north of Quanzhou; while the thickest crust(35km)is located west of Zhangzhou near the Zhenghe-Dapu fault zone. Generally, thinner crustal thickness is found in offshore of Fujian Province, and thicker crustal thickness is in the mainland. However, we also found that crustal thickness becomes thinner along the east side of Yongan-Jinjiang Fault. The values of Pn velocities in the region vary from 7.71 to 8.26km/s. The velocity distribution of the uppermost mantle presents a large inhomogeneity, which is correlated with the distribution of the fault zone. High Pn velocity anomalies are found mainly along the west side of the Zhenghe-Dapu fault zone(F₂), and the east side of the Shaowu-Heyuan fault zone(F₁), which is strip-shaped throughout the central part of Fujian. Low Pn velocity anomalies are observed along the coast and Taiwan Straits, including the Changle-Zhaoan fault zone, the coastal fault zone, and the Fuzhou Basin. We also found a low Pn velocity anomaly zone, which extends to the coast, in the Shaowu-Heyuan fault zone at the junction of the Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi Provinces. In the west of Taiwan Straits, both high and low Pn velocity anomalies are observed. Our results show that the historical strong earthquakes(larger than magnitude 6.0) are mainly distributed between positive and negative anomaly zones at different depth profiles of the crust, and similar anomalies distribution also exists at the uppermost mantle, suggesting that the occurrence of strong earthquakes in the region is not only related to the anomalous crustal velocity structure, but also affected by the velocity anomaly structure from the uppermost mantle.     

华南地区上地幔P波三维速度结构和动力学意义:来自有限频层析成像的证据

利用155个宽频带流动地震仪记录的连续地震波形数据,通过有限频层析成像技术,反演获得了华南地区上地幔的高分辨率P波三维速度模型.结果显示,大致以江南造山带为界,研究区域南部的华夏块体的大部分区域上地幔存在一个清晰的低速异常构造,而研究区北部的扬子克拉通的大部分区域上地幔则存在高速异常结构,并且这些速度异常体都向下延伸到地幔转换带.一个重要的结果是在(27°N,118°E)处观测到通过410-km界面的上涌流,并且在上升的过程中逐渐向西和向北扩展,显示为华夏块体深部200～400 km深度的大范围低速异常,可能为华夏块体广泛分布的新生代岩浆活动提供深部来源.更重要的是华夏块体通过410-km界面上涌流在上涌的过程中向北延伸,越过江南造山带"侵入"到扬子克拉通的南部地区,造成了扬子克拉通较厚的岩石圈对应的高速异常体向南倾斜的假象.最后,位于117°E(郯庐断裂的南端)以东的扬子克拉通岩石圈已经被"活化",即被来自南部热的软流圈物质替而代之.同时,推断在华夏块体下方地幔转换带内低速异常体可能是与海南地幔柱有关.海南地幔柱和(27°N,118°E)410-km界面上涌流的关系还有待于今后更大范围地震台阵反演研究进行验证.     

Oceanic crust and Moho of the Pacific Plate in the eastern Ogasawara Plateau region

Abstract   To show the structure of oceanic crust and Moho around the eastern Ogasawara Plateau, we have analyzed industry-standard two-dimensional multichannel seismic reflection data. To obtain improved velocity models, phase information of seismic signals was used for velocity analysis and velocity models for oceanic crust above Moho were determined. We apply this velocity analysis technique to seismic reflection data around the eastern Ogasawara Plateau, with the result of clear images of structures within oceanic crust and Moho. South of the Ogasawara Plateau, Moho deepens proximal to the Plateau. Moho distal to the Plateau is ca 7 km below sea floor (bsf), whereas it is ca 10 km bsf near the Plateau. The characters of oceanic crust and Moho differ significantly north and south of the Plateau. To the north, the structure of oceanic crust is ambiguous, the sea floor is shallower and less smooth, and Moho is discontinuous. To the south, structures within oceanic crust and Moho are imaged clearly, and the sea floor is deeper. A strong Moho reflection south of the Plateau might represent a sharp boundary between layered gabbro and peridotite. However, discontinuous Moho reflections north of the Plateau might represent rough topography because of intensive magmatism or a gradual downward increase in velocity within a thick Moho transition zone. A fracture zone north of the Plateau also appears to separate oceanic crust and Moho of different characters, suggesting vigorous magmatism between the Plateau and the fracture zone, and that the Ogasawara Plateau and the fracture zone influenced the genesis of oceanic crust and upper mantle. Differences in acoustic characteristics to the north and south of the Plateau are apparent in profiles illuminated by seismic attributes.     

利用双差层析成像方法反演青藏高原东南缘地壳速度结构

本文利用云南及周边区域地震台网2010—2016年记录到的近震资料,采用双差层析成像方法进行地震重定位并获得了青藏高原东南缘的三维地壳速度结构。结果显示:重定位后的震源位置精度得到明显提高,震源主要分布于20 km深度以上的中上地壳;地震分布与速度结构存在一定的相关性,大多数地震发生在中上地壳的低速异常区内以及高、低速异常区域之间;研究区上地壳速度结构存在明显的横向不均匀性,其速度异常与地表地形及地质特征密切相关;中下地壳分布着两条主要的低速带,一条沿着安宁河断裂、小江断裂分布在川滇菱形地块的东侧;另一条主要分布在川西北次级地块内,并穿过丽江断裂向南延伸,推测这两条低速带可能是青藏高原中下地壳物质向南逃逸的两条通道。      

沂沭断裂带重力场及地壳结构特征

沂沭断裂带为郯庐断裂带山东段,新构造运动显著,是华北地区的强震活动带之一。文中收集了该地区的布格重力数据,利用小波多尺度分析方法对重力场进行有效分离,研究区域地壳结构特征及断裂空间展布,并应用Parker变密度模型对区域莫霍面进行反演分析,得到以下几点结论:1)重力区域场显示,沂沭断裂带形成了NNE走向的大型重力梯度带,分隔了鲁西、鲁东地块,成为区域内重要的地球物理分界线。2)重力局部场显示,中上地壳结构复杂,沂沭带内部呈现两堑一垒的重力异常格局,5条主干断裂形成线性梯度带分布于东、西地堑内,鲁西块体的多条NW向活动断裂交切于沂沭断裂带,多数断裂只交切于西地堑,而蒙山山前断裂和苍尼断裂横穿沂沭断裂带;下地壳结构相对简单,发生明显的褶曲构造,表现出大规模高、低密度异常相间排列的典型特征。3)区域莫霍面形态东高西低,沂沭断裂带形成了莫霍面陡变带,造成了东西分异格局,潍坊东—莒县—临沂一线出现莫霍面上隆区,具有强震发生的深部孕震环境。4)区域内地震多发于高、低重力异常转化带之间,特别是活动断裂对应的重力梯度条带之上,地震的发生与断裂活动有着密切的关系,沂沭断裂带地震活动性最强,且东地堑强于西地堑。     

A study on 3-D velocity structure of crust and upper mantle in Sichuan-Yunan region, China

Based on the first arrival P and S data of 4 625 regional earthquakes recorded at 174 stations dispersed in the Yunnan and Sichuan Provinces, the 3-D velocity structure of crust and upper mantle in the region is determined, incorporating with previous deep geophysical data. In the upper crust, a positive anomaly velocity zone exists in the Sichuan basin, whereas a negative anomaly velocity zone exists in the western Sichuan plateau. The boundary between the positive and negative anomaly zones is the Longmenshan fault zone. The images of lower crust and upper mantle in the Longmenshan fault, Xianshuihe fault, Honghe fault and others show the characteristic of tectonic boundary, indicating that the faults likely penetrate the Moho discontinuity. The negative velocity anomalies at the depth of 50 km in the Tengchong volcanic area and the Panxi tectonic zone appear to be associated with the temperature and composition variations in the upper mantle. The overall features of the crustal and the upper mantle structures in the Sichuan-Yunnan region are the lower average velocity in both crust and uppermost mantle, the large crustal thickness variations, and the existence of high conductivity layer in the crust or/and upper mantle, and higher geothermal value. All these features are closely related to the collision between the India and the Asia plates. The crustal velocity in the Sichuan-Yunnan rhombic block generally shows normal value or positive anomaly, while the negative anomaly exists in the area along the large strike-slip faults as the block boundary. It is conducive to the crustal block side-pressing out along the faults. In the major seismic zones, the seismicity is relative to the negative anomaly velocity. Most strong earthquakes occurred in the upper-mid crust with positive anomaly or normal velocity, where the negative anomaly zone generally exists below. Foundation item: National Scientific and Technological Development Program (95-973-02-02), the Climb Program (95-S-05-01) of National Scientific and Technological Ministry of China, and the State Natural Sciences Foundation of China (49874021). Contribution No. 02FE2004, Institute of Geophysics, China Seismological Bureau.     

Crustal structure beneath the Songpan—Garze orogenic belt

The Benzilan-Tangke deepseismic sounding profile in the western Sichuan region passes through the Song-pan-Garze orogenic belt with trend of NNE.Based on the travel times and the related amplitudes of phases in the record sections,the 2-D P-wave crustal structure was ascertained in this paper.The velocity structure has quite strong lateral variation along the profile.The crust is divided into 5layers,where the first,second and third layer belong to the upper crust,the forth and fifth layer belong to the lower crust.The low velocity anomaly zone gener-ally exists in the central part of the upper crust on the profile,and it integrates into the overlying low velocity basement in the area to the north of Ma‘erkang.The crustal structure in the section can be divided into 4parts:in the south of Garze-litang fault,between Garze-Litang fault and Xianshuihe fault,between Xianshuihe fault and Longriba fault and in the north of Longriba fault,which are basically coincided with the regional tectonics division.The crustal thickness decreases from southwest to northeast along the profile,that is ,from62km in the region of the Jinshajiang River to 52km in the region of the Yellow River.The Moho discontinuity does not obviously change across the Xianshuihe fault basesd on the PmP phase analysis.The crustal average velocity along the profile is lower,about 6.30 km/s.The Benzilan-Tangke profile reveals that the crust in the study area is orogenic.The Xianshuihe fault belt is located in the central part of the profile,and the velocity is positive anomaly on the upper crust,and negative anomaly on the lower crust and upper mantle.It is considered as a deep tectonhic setting in favor of strong earthquake‘s accumulation and occurrence.     

CRUSTAL Qs TOMOGRAPHY IN HAINAN ISLAND AND ADJACENT REGIONS

Using double-difference precise location results of seismic S wave data from 2000 to 2012, distribution and variation of dynamic moving average Q_s value are imaged in Hainan Island and adjacent regions through seismic attenuation tomography. We explore regional crustal S-wave attenuation characteristics of temporal and spatial variation combined with seismic activity, volcanoes and heat distribution, and GPS baseline changes. The results show that:(1)Attenuation imaging shows that there is a significant lateral heterogeneity in Q_s distribution in the study area and the Q_s values are high in the central region and low in the north and south regions of Hainan Island. Low-Q_s areas are baseically converged to the north of Wangwu-Wenjiao Fault, to the south of Jianfeng-Diaoluo Fault, and to the east of Puqian-Qinglan Fault. Earthquakes are basically converged to the edge of the transitional regions of high and low Q_s values. Heat flow sites and volcanoes zones are located in low-Q_s area in the region. (2)There is a strong correlation between dynamic moving average Q_s value, seismic activity and Luzhou-Qiongzhong GPS baseline. From 2000 to 2008, the average Q_s value of the study area is relatively high, the seismic activity is strong, and Luzhou-Qiongzhong GPS baseline is decreasing. From 2008 to 2012, the average Q_s value of the study area shows a downward trend, the seismic activity is weak, and the Luzhou-Qiongzhong GPS baseline displays an elongation trend.     

Deep structures of the east Dabie ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic belt,East China

The Dabie Mountain is one of the best places for geologists to study the ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism (UHPM) because coesite-bearing eclogites and other UHPM rocks are well ex-posed on the surface. The Dabie UHPM belt has been studied by many geoscientists with re-markable results[1—9]. Recent researches show that the host rocks of the coesite-bearing eclogites, such as gneiss and marble, also contain coesites[10—14], thus undergoing ultrahigh-pressure meta-morphism. The idea of con…     

Tomographic inversion for the three-dimensional seismic velocity structure of the Aswan region,Egypt

The Thurber iterative simultaneous inversion program is used to determine the three-dimensionalP-wave velocity structure in the Aswan seismic region of Egypt. The tomographic inversion presented in this study is based on 1131P-phase observations at 13 stations from 89 local earthquakes, all of which occurred within the Kalabsha fault zone. The assumed initial velocity model is that deduced from local explosion experiments. The results indicate that the Aswan region is characterized by a heterogeneous crust, consisting of a shallow, low-velocity zone and a deeper high-velocity anomaly. Seismic velocity structure within the shallow part demonstrates that the inferred change in velocity exists primarily across the east-west trending Kalabsha fault scarp, whereas the high-velocity zone is located south of this fault. Two well-resolved, low-velocity zones appear within the upper 6 km of the crust. The first coincides with a graben structure located between the Kalabsha and Seiyal faults and the second exists between the N-S Kurkur fault and the main axis of Lake Aswan. Both low-velocity zones occupy an area of approximately 30×40 km, located along the western bank of the lake. The most significant result of this study is that the location of the deeper, high-velocity anomaly coincides with the concentration of seismic activity in the lower crustal layer.     

龙门山及邻区重、磁异常特征及与地震关系的研究

本文通过研究龙门山构造带及邻区的区域重、磁场特征,以及龙门山断裂带的产状等特征,探讨其与地震关系.研究结果表明,龙门山断裂带是环绕青藏高原的重力梯度带的一部分.其对应密度分界面向西北方向倾斜,向下延深数十公里,切穿莫霍面.推测密度分界面分为两段,深部较陡的为岩石圈块体的边界,浅部较缓.基底隆起与凹陷的界线大体与大地构造单元的界线一致.由西部的岩石圈块体的边界至东部在地表的大地构造单元界线之间的距离约为40~50 km.隶属于中上地壳脆性变形层的地质体由岩石圈块体界线沿缓倾的密度界面推覆至地表的大地构造单元的界线处,在此过程中伴随岩层破碎,从而发生地震.龙门山构造带主要部分位于负磁异常区,这种反磁化和退磁的现象,可能与逆冲推覆作用所引起的深部岩层倒转有关.     

菲律宾群岛深部速度结构成像与双向俯冲板片构造特征

菲律宾群岛受到欧亚板块、菲律宾海板块和印度-澳大利亚板块的碰撞作用,地质环境复杂,构造因素多样.尽管近几年来已经有了少数关于该区域层析成像的研究,但这些研究的区域主要集中在马尼拉海沟、吕宋岛及中菲律宾地区,而关于群岛周围其他海沟和南菲律宾地区的讨论相对较少.到目前为止,还没有同时获得过关于菲律宾群岛深部纵、横波速度结构的研究,本次研究通过反演155779条P波震相和59642条S波震相,同时获得了菲律宾群岛从地表至150 km深度的纵、横波速度结构.地震层析成像结果表明该地区的壳幔速度结构具有较强的不均一性,地壳内部存在着广泛的低速异常,而表征俯冲板块的高速异常则沿着群岛周边的海沟展布.南海块体在马尼拉海沟中段的俯冲角度和俯冲活动性比南段小;菲律宾海板块在东吕宋海槽南段微弱的俯冲作用很有可能同本哈姆海台的碰撞有关.菲律宾群岛大部分M_W>6.0的强震沿着各个板块的边界发生,体现出菲律宾海板块同欧亚板块之间的强耦合作用,群岛西侧的南海块体在马尼拉海沟16°N-20°N之间呈现出的弱耦合状态可能跟北吕宋地区的拉张应力环境有关,南海块体在16°N以南的地区同上覆块体之间的耦合作用较强;群岛东侧的菲律宾海板块在14°N以北的地区没有强震发生,它与菲律宾群岛之间的耦合程度从北向南逐渐增强,在12°N以南的地区要强于12°N以北的地区;此外苏禄海盆和菲律宾构造带之间也存在着强耦合关系.     

青藏高原及其邻近地区的地球物理场特征与大陆板块构造

本文搜集了现在已知的关于青藏高原地区的各种地球物理场特征,即:该区的地壳与上地幔构造,地磁场要素的分布,航空磁测的结果,古地磁极移轨迹,重力异常与均衡补偿,地热活动与温泉分布,地震活动以及深地震探测等研究结果,来探讨它与大陆板块构造的关系。 研究的初步结果表明,印度洋板块与欧亚板块交接地带的北界为雅鲁藏布江,南界为恒河平原的北缘。喜马拉雅地带为这两大板块碰撞与挤压的过渡带,其宽度约300公里左右。这一地带的大、小地震绝大部分是浅源地震,只在弧形山系和东西弧顶及其转折部位有中源地震。在这一过渡带内水热活动剧烈,重力也不均衡。 雅鲁藏布江以北到当雄一带,地壳厚度为70-73公里,喜马拉雅地区则为68-45公里左右,并向南翘起。地壳由多层介质组成,在下地壳中存在着低速层。断层面解表现为向南逆冲,主压应力轴基本上为南北向和北东向,且与震源深度相关。现在构造活动与地震活动似均逐渐向南移到主边界大断层一带。 在雅鲁藏布江以北,小震震源深度向南递加,而在恒河平原以北,则向北递加。此外,在上述两个地区均有零星的中源地震发生。因此,喜马拉雅地带的南北两侧有相向“俯冲”之势。在兴都库什地区,中源地震震源面北倾;在帕米尔地带,中源地震震源面南倾。因此,震源面构成了“V”字     

川西地区瑞雷波方位各向异性

本文使用川西密集地震台阵记录的面波资料,利用程函方程面波成像方法获得了周期为14—60 s的瑞雷波相速度及方位各向异性分布。结果显示:川滇菱形地块的川西北地块内部的低速异常明显,其下地壳各向异性快波方向以NS向为主,松潘—甘孜地块内部的低速异常稍弱,下地壳各向异性快波方向以NW?SESE向为主,表明川西北地块可能存在下地壳通道流,松潘—甘孜地块内部存在的通道流相对较弱;龙门山断裂带和丽江—小金河断裂两侧的速度结构和方位各向异性均有明显差异,可推测青藏高原内部的地壳流在东部和南部分别受高速、高强度的四川盆地和滇中地块阻挡,沿高原边界带发生了侧向流动;周期大于25 s的面波方位各向异性方向为NW?SE;与SKS分裂优势方向相近,说明四川盆地的剪切波各向异性可能主要源于上地幔;而龙门山断裂带附近壳幔各向异性较为复杂,面波方位各向异性与SKS分裂的NW?SE向弱各向异性存在差异,表明该处的剪切波各向异性可能来自地幔更深处,有待进一步研究。      

南海北部磁异常特征及对前新生代构造的指示

为了研究南海北部前新生代构造,利用新近的船载磁力测量数据,对磁异常进行变纬度化极,并反演计算视磁化强度和磁源重力异常,以及对三条OBS剖面进行重磁拟合.结果认为东沙隆起高磁异常带是浙闽沿海火山岩带向西的延续,其间被NW向古老的转换边界断裂F10错断;NE向的F2断裂是高磁异常带的南界,并限制了底侵活动的北界;F3断裂在...     

云南地区背景噪声层析成像

选取云南省区域台网46个地震台从2007年11月—2009年10月的宽频带噪声数据, 通过互相关方法获得经验格林函数, 采用自适应时频分析方法获取相速度频散曲线, 并且反演得到8—40 s的相速度分布图. 研究结果表明: 云南地区短周期相速度低速异常与地表断裂带分布和沉积层厚度密切相关; 在短周期相速度分布图上, 红河断裂南北段呈现差异, 表明红河断裂南北段周边介质存在物性差异, 这可能是造成地震活动南北差异的主要原因; 长周期相速度分布图显示, 红河断裂和小江断裂带存在低速异常, 可能是切穿地壳的超壳断裂, 该低速异常可能与深部热作用有关; 红河断裂和小江断裂带交汇地区存在高速异常, 该高速异常体对川滇块体深部介质向南运动可能起到了阻挡的作用. 本文结果为下一步反演云南地区的三维剪切波速度结构奠定了基础.      

川西高原重磁异常特征与构造背景分析

川西高原位于青藏高原东缘,是我国大陆地壳构造变形及地震活动最强烈的区域.利用最新重力、航磁资料,通过异常分析和反演计算,研究了该区鲜水河断裂、理塘断裂、金沙江断裂的重磁异常特征、莫霍面特征、居里面特征,分析得出了这些断裂的深部地质结构与构造背景.计算表明:川西高原莫霍面东南浅、西北深,地壳厚度在43~63km之间.居里面特征表现为条带状,深度在17~23km之间.其中,鲜水河断裂带对应莫霍面深度梯度带,居里面为高低起伏圈闭.理塘断裂带北段莫霍面局部隆坳相间,南段莫霍面逐渐抬升,居里面呈现由西向东加深的梯度带.金沙江断裂带,居里面形成局部抬升,深部可能存在高温地热异常源.综合分析认为,川西高原地壳结构主要特点为:增厚的下地壳,热-塑性变形的中地壳,脆性变形的上地壳.     

汕头－吕宋岛岩石圈速度结构与震源构造──台湾浅滩7．3级地震构造之一

汕头－吕宋岛岩石圈速度结构剖面，划分出华南陆缘古生代陆壳、陆架区晚古生代－中生代陆壳、陆坡带中生代－早第三纪过渡壳、新生代南海海盆洋壳及吕宋岛中生代－新生代岛弧陆壳与东吕宋海槽洋壳等地壳构造组分，并确定了上述地壳构造之间的边界断裂构造及其性质。结合地震震源分布及机制，初步确定了华南陆架盆岭构造带北、南两侧地震构造的控震构造与发震构造性质及其震源力学特征；１）指出１９９４年９月１６日台湾浅滩７．３级地震属于板缘壳幔地震及造成一千公里有感范围的原因；２）马尼拉海沟的海底地堑构造与南海海盆岩石圈地幔上隆是马尼拉海沟俯冲带震源显示正断层性质的原因，且为被动的或转换俯冲带；３）东吕宋海槽仍属于菲律宾海俯冲带性质；吕宋岛东西两侧俯冲带岩石圈板片震源深度的准三层分布，可能表明俯冲带岩石圈板片存在相应的低速滑移层。