伊犁盆地南缘砂岩型铀矿成矿潜力综合评价研究

我国矿产资源勘查已经积累了大量地质资料,在新的成矿理论指导下,如何使这些资料在新一轮铀资源勘查中发挥最大效能是一项重要课题.本文提出了砂岩型铀矿综合找矿模型的构建流程.在研究伊犁盆地南缘512铀矿床的地质、水文地质及区域地球物理场特征的基础上,建立了512铀矿床的多源信息描述模型,从中归纳总结出512式砂岩型铀矿田和铀矿床的综合找矿模型;依据综合找矿模型,完成了研究区砂岩型铀矿成矿信息的提取.最后,应用证据权重法综合中比例尺多源成矿信息完成了伊犁盆地南缘砂岩型铀矿成矿潜力综合定量评价,取得了较好的预测效果.     

鄂尔多斯盆地东北部砂岩型铀矿成矿有利空间

正近年来,我国砂岩型铀矿的勘查取得了较大的进展,在我国北方相继发现了多个中-大型的砂岩型铀矿床(张金带,2016)。其中,鄂尔多斯盆地东北部东胜地区砂岩型铀矿资源量丰富。随着勘查力度的不断加大,继皂火壕铀矿床后,相继发现了纳岭沟、大营两个砂岩型铀矿床。本文在前人研究成果的基础上,研究新发现铀矿床的成矿特征,总结铀成矿有利空间,并指明了该区下一步找矿方向。     

滇西新生代盆地砂岩型铀矿勘查现状与找矿前景

滇西新生代盆地是我国重要的砂岩型铀矿成矿带之一,蕴藏着丰富的铀资源,现已探明8个中、小型砂岩型铀矿床。笔者回顾了区内砂岩型铀矿找矿历程,分析了找矿现状,介绍了沉积体系与层序地层学在滇西新生代盆地内砂岩型铀矿应用的研究进展;分析了滇西新生代盆地内砂岩型铀矿的找矿前景,提出了扩大老矿区与探索新盆地的找矿思路。     

中国东部构造域中生代陆相能源盆地“铀煤兼探”勘查的地质依据

<正>1问题的提出"铀煤兼探"是在鄂尔多斯陆相能源盆地开展砂岩型铀矿勘查工作中提出的找矿新思路。在该新思路指导下,使我国铀资源勘查在短时间内实现了重大突破,结束了我国无世界级大铀矿的历史。大营超大型铀矿床的发现既冲击了传统的中亚地区砂岩型铀矿成矿理论,也为我国东部构造域中生代能源盆地成矿建造组合和共生机制、盆     

柴北缘地区层间氧化带砂岩型铀成矿找矿目的层及主要特征

层间氧化带砂岩型铀矿是我国北方地区中新生代盆地铀矿找矿的主要工业类型,经过近20年的地质找矿实践,已陆续发现并探明了伊犁盆地库捷尔泰、乌库尔齐,吐哈盆地十红滩,鄂尔多斯盆地皂火壕等大型、超大型层间氧化带砂岩型铀矿床。层间氧化带砂岩型铀矿成矿理论和找矿模式证实,该类铀矿床形成所满足的基本条     

中—新生代盆地煤铀协同勘查及对策建议

我国铀资源对外依存度高,供应安全不容乐观,加大国内铀资源勘探投入势在必行。目前我国铀资源产量主要来自于北方砂岩型铀矿床,将来可能占比越来越高将由其提供。砂岩型铀矿产出与含煤地层关系密切,煤田勘查发现的放射性信息是砂岩型铀矿找矿的重要线索,鄂尔多斯盆地皂火壕和纳林沟大型砂岩型铀矿床的发现与之关系密切,大营超大型砂岩型铀矿床的发现更是煤铀协同勘查的典型范例。受此启发,中国地质调查局实施了北方砂岩型铀矿调查工程,发现了一系列大型砂岩型铀矿产地和多个经钻探验证的远景区,“铀煤兼探”成效显著。中国地质调查局主要职责为公益性地质调查,由其主导发现的矿产地和远景区勘查精度较低,要使其达到提交储量的级别,就需要企业接盘。我国现行铀矿政策和部门利益冲突限制了社会资本的进入,严重影响了铀矿找矿的进程,为此笔者等建议：① 在国家层面制定相关配套政策,进一步放开铀矿权,允许非核企业进入铀矿勘查领域,激活市场潜力,重点推进、做深前期“煤铀兼探”获得的成果,加快我国铀资源勘查进程;② 持续不断地推进“煤铀、油铀”等协同勘查工作,提高多能源综合勘查研究水平,节省勘查资金,制定我国协同勘查的基本原则和勘查规范,使能源型盆地勘查工作有序高效并合理利用。     

中—新生代盆地煤铀协同勘查及对策建议

我国铀资源对外依存度高,供应安全不容乐观,加大国内铀资源勘探投入势在必行。目前我国铀资源产量主要来自于北方砂岩型铀矿床,将来可能占比越来越高将由其提供。砂岩型铀矿产出与含煤地层关系密切,煤田勘查发现的放射性信息是砂岩型铀矿找矿的重要线索,鄂尔多斯盆地皂火壕和纳林沟大型砂岩型铀矿床的发现与之关系密切,大营超大型砂岩型铀矿床的发现更是煤铀协同勘查的典型范例。受此启发,中国地质调查局实施了北方砂岩型铀矿调查工程,发现了一系列大型砂岩型铀矿产地和多个经钻探验证的远景区,“铀煤兼探”成效显著。中国地质调查局主要职责为公益性地质调查,由其主导发现的矿产地和远景区勘查精度较低,要使其达到提交储量的级别,就需要企业接盘。我国现行铀矿政策和部门利益冲突限制了社会资本的进入,严重影响了铀矿找矿的进程,为此笔者等建议：① 在国家层面制定相关配套政策,进一步放开铀矿权,允许非核企业进入铀矿勘查领域,激活市场潜力,重点推进、做深前期“煤铀兼探”获得的成果,加快我国铀资源勘查进程;② 持续不断地推进“煤铀、油铀”等协同勘查工作,提高多能源综合勘查研究水平,节省勘查资金,制定我国协同勘查的基本原则和勘查规范,使能源型盆地勘查工作有序高效并合理利用。     

序言

正铀资源是重要的非化石能源矿产和战略物资。我国已探明的铀资源储量远不能满足国家核电发展需求。目前,砂岩型铀矿已成为世界最重要的铀矿类型,也是我国最主要的经济可采类型。砂岩型铀矿床主要分布在盆地边缘浅部斜坡带,目前对盆地内部、深部(700 m)的砂岩型铀矿成矿作用、找矿方向和有效的深部勘查技术方法研究鲜有涉及。国家重点研发计划"深地资源勘查     

新疆伊犁盆地南缘砂岩型铀成矿潜力综合评价

中国矿产资源勘查已经积累了大量地质资料,在新的成矿理论指导下,如何使这些资料在新一轮铀资源勘查中发挥最大效能是一项重要的课题。提出了砂岩型铀矿综合找矿模型的构建流程;在研究伊犁盆地南缘512典型铀矿床的地质、水文地质和区域地球物理场特征的基础上,建立了512铀矿床的多源信息描述模型,从中归纳总结出512式砂岩型铀矿田和铀矿床的综合找矿模型;依据综合找矿模型,完成了研究区砂岩型铀成矿信息的提取。最后,应用证据权重法综合中比例尺多源成矿信息完成了伊犁盆地南缘砂岩型铀成矿潜力综合定量评价,取得了较好的预测效果。     

松辽盆地地浸砂岩型铀矿勘查及其找矿方向

20世纪90年代开始,在松辽盆地开展了地浸砂岩型铀矿区域评价工作.盆地的西南部投入数万米钻探工作量开展以第三系和上白垩统嫩江组、姚家组为目的层的找矿工作,取得了较大突破,发现并提交了我国第一个板状砂岩型铀矿床,所建立的双混合叠造铀成矿模式丰富了地浸砂岩型铀成矿理论.在此基础上总结出白垩系砂岩型铀成矿控矿因素和找矿标志.盆地东部构造反转有利于形成砂岩型铀矿床.第三系以潜水氧化为主,还原物质缺乏,而且新构造运动对其改造微弱,总的成矿条件不理想,不宜作为主攻目的层.盆地坳陷阶段沉积的泉头组、青山口组、姚家组为主要找矿目的层,找矿重点在盆地东南部通辽-双辽-德惠地区.下一步科研工作重点为:完善QJD砂岩型铀矿模式、盆地油气与铀成矿关系、白垩纪古水文地质条件的研究.     

东濮凹陷北部沙河街组三段中亚段沉积环境分析

东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。     

The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads

In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning.     

郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论

据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。     

塘口水电站坝基岩体透水性和渗漏问题分析

塘口水电站大坝基础座落在断层和裂隙较发育的龟裂纹灰岩上,岩体完整性差、透水性强,多年运行后,大坝灌浆廊道和排水廊道出现多处集中性漏水,为确保大坝安全和电站正常发电,根据渗漏性质和成因,采用对灌浆廊道补充帷幕灌浆,对排水廊道进行固结+帷幕+回填灌浆。通过灌浆处理后,效果良好,表明灌浆工程有效的将导致坝基渗漏的上下游的裂隙通道封闭,并顺利的经受了随后的汛期洪水考验,大坝安全得到保障。     

Unity of the national and the international in the socio-cultural development of the peoples of the USSR

International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen.     

Calculation of the Inverse of the Covariance

In reservoir characterization, the covariance is often used to describe the spatial correlation and variation in rock properties or the uncertainty in rock properties. The inverse of the covariance, on the other hand, is seldom discussed in geostatistics. In this paper, I show that the inverse is required for simulation and estimation of Gaussian random fields, and that it can be identified with the differential operator in regularized inverse theory. Unfortunately, because the covariance matrix for parameters in reservoir models can be extremely large, calculation of the inverse can be a problem. In this paper, I discuss four methods of calculating the inverse of the covariance, two of which are analytical, and two of which are purely numerical. By taking advantage of the assumed stationarity of the covariance, none of the methods require inversion of the full covariance matrix.     

某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析

在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。      

Report of the restudy of the defined global stratotype of the base of the Silurian System

The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs.     

Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth

It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T ₃ = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″.     

Artemia in the Salt Lakes of Russia:the Productivity of Populations,the Reserves of the Cysts and the Fisheries

正Artemia cysts are an extremely important component of aquaculture diets.It is well established that the cultivation of fish and shellfish derive substantial health and growth advantages when Artemia are included in the diets of the