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水文地球化学信息对岩溶地下水流动系统特征的指示意义--以山西神头泉域为例 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
神头泉域岩溶水的水化学特征显示,岩溶水样的总溶解固体质量浓度、Sr2 质量浓度及宏量组分质量浓度均由泉域北、西、南部向排泄区增大,与岩溶水的流动方向一致.根据c(Sr)/c(Ca)与总溶解固体质量浓度可将神头泉群划分为3个泉组,对应于3个不同的岩溶水子系统,岩溶水样的聚类分析结果与这一结论相符合.研究表明水文地球化学信息对地下水系统的水动力特征分析具有指示意义. 相似文献
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神头泉流量衰减的时间序列分析 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
神头泉流量自七十年代初以来不断衰减。本文采用混合回归的随机模型,分别就降水量与松散层地下水开采量对泉流量的影响进行了时间序列分析。结果表明:泉流量变化具有周期性和滞后性;降水量对泉流量衰减影响很小;开采松散层地下水是引起泉流量衰减的主要原因之一。此外,深层岩溶水开采量(包括采煤排水)及泉口取水量的增大也是引起1985年之后泉流量衰减的主要原因。 相似文献
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我国南方表层岩溶带及其对岩溶水的调蓄功能 总被引:45,自引:18,他引:27
表层岩溶带是地表强烈岩溶化过程的产物,为表层碳酸盐岩各种岩溶个体形态和微形态组合构成的不规则带状的岩溶带,在我国南方岩溶区广泛分布。表层岩溶带对岩溶水的调蓄表现在两个方面: 一是增加入渗补给量;二是延缓降雨后雨水在岩溶水系统停留的时间,并形成了表层岩溶泉。表层岩溶带对岩溶水的调蓄功能大小主要与表层岩溶带的结构、岩层产状、地表覆盖情况和降雨性质有关。石漠化环境与森林环境的表层岩溶带对岩溶水的调蓄功能差异很大。石漠化地区,表层岩溶带泉的出流时间短,动态非常不稳定;表层岩溶带对岩溶管道泉调蓄能力弱,泉水动态与降雨动态一致。森林环境表层岩溶泉则多为常流泉,水文动态比较稳定。表层岩溶带形成的表层岩溶泉为开采深部岩溶水困难的峰丛山区的居民饮水提供了重要的水源,但只有恢复了岩溶石山区森林生态,才能实现表层岩溶泉应有的供水功能。 相似文献
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西南地区岩溶水源地类型及开发技术条件 总被引:8,自引:7,他引:1
明确了岩溶水源地的定义,并提出了新的岩溶水源地分类方案。首先按岩溶含水层的埋藏分布、岩溶水出露状态,将岩溶水源地划分为天然出露的岩溶水源地及隐伏的岩溶水源地两大类。然后再根据岩溶水源地的岩溶含水介质特征(导水和赋水空间形态、结构及水动力特征)进一步将天然出露的岩溶水源地划分为暗河、泉、表层泉三个亚类,将隐伏的岩溶水源地划分为饱水带富水块段、表层带富水块段两个亚类。并研究评价了各个类型的岩溶水富集规律、动态特征、岩溶水资源、开发技术条件。 相似文献
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从研究岩溶泉域的水文地质及水文地球化学模型入手,确定划分裸露岩溶、隐伏岩溶、深岩溶的指标和方法。根据地质、水动力和水化学作用等因素明确其概念,评述其特点,最后阐述备区带的划分对泉域供水、矿产开发的实际意义。 相似文献
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岩溶水是临汾市工农业与城市的主要供水水源,对临汾市经济社会的发展起着举足轻重的作用。近年来,由于人类活动和大规模开发岩溶水,使得岩溶泉域水环境发生了很大变化,岩溶泉水流量趋势性衰减、区域岩溶水位持续下降、水质遭受污染等岩溶水文地质环境问题日趋严重,给当地工农业生产和人民生活带来了巨大影响,对当地生态环境造成了严重的破坏。本文通过科学划分岩溶泉保护区,合理开采岩溶水,避免水质受到污染、为保障居民饮水安全及身体健康提供技术支持。 相似文献
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湘西洛塔表层岩溶泉的生态环境类型及水文特征 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
岩溶石山区表层岩溶带的调蓄功能可有效控制石漠化的加剧并为严重缺水地区提供饮用水。文章以湖南洛塔为例,在大量的野外调查基础上,通过对洛塔岩溶区表层岩溶系统生态环境与表层岩溶泉水文特征的对比研究,按生态环境属性将表层岩溶泉分为三种主要类型:森林环境表层岩溶泉、石漠化环境表层岩溶泉及石漠化-森林过渡环境表层岩溶泉。详细论述上述三种表层岩溶泉的发育条件与水文特征:森林环境表层岩溶泉具有持续稳定的水文动态与流量;石漠化环境表层岩溶泉流量与降雨量相对应,动态极不稳定;石漠化与森林过渡环境表层岩溶泉流量排泄峰值具有随泉域植被覆盖率增加而缓和的趋势。按照环境类型对表层岩溶泉进行分类,可直观地显示其特殊的水文特征,有助于岩溶泉的合理开发和综合利用。 相似文献
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Emily Keeble David I. Whiteside Michael J. Benton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):99-119
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco. 相似文献
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Gilles Serge Odin 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(6):409-414
Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414. 相似文献
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The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species. 相似文献
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Emmanuel Skourtsos Daniel Vachard Alexandra Zambetakis-Lekkas Rossana Martini Louisette Zaninetti 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(12):925-931
Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931. 相似文献
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正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.) 相似文献
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正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.) 相似文献
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正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.) 相似文献
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正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus., 相似文献
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正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an 相似文献
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正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of 相似文献