司家营铁矿中深孔复杂地层岩心钻探施工技术

随着铁矿资源需求的扩大,地质找矿不断向纵深发展,尤其深度在500—1000m的中深孔,如何提高中深孔钻探施工的效率,是当前岩心钻探施工的重点。通过司家营铁矿南区深部钻探施工情况,论述了该工程的施工经验和方法。     

小秦岭深孔岩心钻探水泥浆护壁堵漏技术研究与应用

钻孔的护壁堵漏一直是深孔钻进中的技术难题,在小秦岭深部找矿项目钻探施工中,由于该地区区域地质较为复杂,且构造发育,岩石破碎,钻进过程中孔内经常出现掉块、塌孔、漏失等问题,泥浆堵漏效果不佳,施工中采用水泥浆护壁堵漏达到了良好的效果。本文针对小秦岭深部钻探项目水泥浆护壁堵漏技术的应用,对深孔岩心钻探水泥浆护壁堵漏技术进行分析与总结,提出深孔灌浆堵漏技术对速凝水泥浆性能的要求与施工技术要点,并对该矿区相关钻探施工提供指导与建议。     

小秦岭灵宝金矿田整装勘查第一深孔钻探工艺

针对小秦岭枪马金矿区800 m以深诸多未知因素,借鉴山东、安徽等钻探单位的深孔施工经验,缜密详细地制定了施工设计方案,成功地完成了该区金矿田2018.86 m第一深孔的钻探施工任务。介绍了该孔的钻探工艺和施工技术。     

立足胶西北，深孔特深孔钻探助找矿获重大突破——山东黄金地质勘查有限公司深孔及特深孔钻探概况

介绍了山东黄金地质矿产勘查有限公司在胶西北深孔特深孔钻探获得的重大突破。4000及3000 m特深斜孔正在施工;2012年6月终孔的2755.76 m深孔刷新了小口径绳索取心钻探国内钻探纪录。对油气、井喷的可能性的研讨及预防;对深孔钻井液的科研攻关初见成效;立轴式钻机在深孔钻进的使用上,总结了很多十分重要和宝贵的经验等。     

“双孔方案”在沧州盐矿深部取心钻探的应用

在沧州深部盐矿普查项目中,施工完成的ZK002孔,500～3290 m孔段进行取心工作。钻探过程中,设计了深、浅“双孔方案”,分别采用地质和石油钻探设备,将常规岩心钻探技术与钻井取心技术组合,实现了两类设备、不同取心工艺之间的优势互补,最终降低了施工风险、确保了钻孔质量、节约了施工成本、缩短了工期。     

威海地区3000m深部地热钻探关键技术的应用与分析

“山东省文登-荣成-威海地区深部地热资源调查”项目是“山东省2018年度38个省直地质勘查项目”之一,总体目标是通过小口径深部钻探技术来完成3000 m测温孔的施工,为地热地质调查、钻孔测温、岩心热物性及放射性元素含量测试等工作提供通道和具体实物资料。本文结合3000 m小口径地热探孔的施工进程,系统介绍了该深孔的钻孔结构、施工设备、钻探工艺方法及关键技术等内容,重点针对严重破碎带、高应力复杂地层条件的泥浆技术、深孔钻头技术等展开了试验对比和分析研究,采取针对性技术措施,成功地解决了孔内复杂难题,配套研究的长寿命高效钻头提高了钻孔施工效率,减少了钻探成本投入。论文还探讨了深孔地热钻探的“现场标准化建设和绿色施工”管理方法。     

山东招远水旺庄3000m科学钻探孔事故预防技术及管控效果

在山东省招远市水旺庄3000 m金矿深部科学钻探项目ZK3401孔的施工过程中,通过精细管理,统筹深孔钻探技术、后勤保障、设备机具等工作基础,进行施工方案可行性论证,提出科学可行的预防机制和手段,并推行技术交底会议常态化,达到减少辅助时间、降低事故概率的目的。本文总结了复杂地层事故的处理方法和方案思路,为相同类型的案例提供了参考。     

对深孔大口径取心钻探工艺的一些认识——以WFSD-2号孔0～897.66 m段施工为例

深孔大口径取心钻探,钻孔口径大、地层复杂、钻孔结构复杂、深孔段效率低,钻进工艺尚不成熟,钻探工程难度较大。结合WFSD-2号孔0～897.66 m段施工情况,介绍了施工中存在的主要问题及采取的主要技术措施;对各种施工工艺、技术方法进行了对比分析,提出了建议。     

李三台子2522m深孔钻进技术

文章介绍了李三台子ZK2深孔(2 522.09m)钻探施工所取得的经验,包括超长套管的下入、冲洗液的配制、事故预防与事故处理等,对深孔和超深孔钻探施工具有借鉴意义。     

深部找矿和深部探测中钻探技术的挑战与对策

近10年来,随着钻探工作量大幅度增加,施工的深孔、特深孔数量急剧增长;作为地壳探测工程前期准备的深部探测技术与实验研究专项即将全面完成,万米级科学钻探工程将提上议事日程;这对钻探技术和装备提出了前所未有的挑战。就钻探技术的新进展,深孔、特深孔钻探存在的问题及解决对策进行了初步探讨。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)