新疆地震构造带及其特征

本文根据地震活动特征,块体活动性质、地质构造特征、深部构造和震源力学,将新疆地震构划分为五个强震构造带。分别讨论了各带的地震活动和构造运动特征     

浅析中国西部构造运动及强震对全国和山西地震形势的影响

通过研究西部构造运动及强震的相关性分析，结果表明：地震构造对西部的强震活动显示出很强的控制力；大华北强震与西部强震具有同步活动特点，但滞后于西部强震活动，山西地震带在整个华北地震带中起着重要的作用；西部强震第三活跃时段已经开始，对全国和山西地震形势将产生深远的影响。     

北祁连—河西地区垂直形变场演化与地震活动关系研究

基于1972－2000年北祁连－河西地区的垂直形变观测资料，分析研究了该区垂直形变场的演化及其与地震的关系，得到如下结论：①本区构造运动近30年来的演化过程为逆继承性运动－继承性运动增强－持续继承性运动－逆继承性运动－继承性运动这一个“旋回”过程，继承性运动是构造运动的总趋势；②垂直形变场演化与地震活动强度存在一定的相关性，但地震活动强弱明显“滞后”于地壳运动；③1995－2000年构造运动恢复继承性运动，且山区与盆地的差异性运动较1989－1995年有所增强，表明本区构造应力场有强化趋势，未来几年祁连构造带中东段有发生中强地震的可能。     

台湾100年地震活动图解

台湾地震的仪器观测始于1898年，到1997年地震目录中已累积列出的地震约17万个。在世纪之末回顾这100年地震活动性情况是件有趣的事情。本文将分别用不同的绘图技巧来阐述这些地震的分布情况，进而分门别类地揭示它们发生的实质。分析中一些以前没有注意到的地震分布图象得以揭示。无庸质疑，台湾的地震是由该岛周围的构造运动所激发的。我们试图通过地震分布图找到地震活动性与构造的关系。采用由不同构造的相互作用所驱动的4个地震体系来描述它们特定的地震活动图象。通过对地震活动分布的仔细分析，许多有趣的构造运动特征得到了解释。另外，我们也希望这些已经得到充分论证的地震图能有其他用途或被用于大众科学教育。     

从地壳构造运动动平衡调整观点研讨1989年大同—阳高地震

从地壳构造运动动平衡调整观点研究了１９８９年山西大同－－阳高地震的地震构造背景,发展过程与区域地震活动的趋势,认为大同－－阳高６．１级地震打破了山西境内１７４ａ无６．０级地震的相对平静,敢是继１９６６年至１９７年中国东部高地震活动之后动平衡调整激发新的地震构造活动失稳在华北的反映。     

不同构造环境中地震活动对新疆地震形势的影响

在对构造运动差异较大的柯坪块体和天山中部地区地震活动研究基础上,深入分析了这两个不同构造单元的中强地震活动对整体新疆地震形势的影响。不同构造环境下不同构造单元地震活动差异性很大。柯坪块体内构造运动强烈,它是新疆6级地震主要活动区之一。6级地震发生后的1年内,天山地震带是中强地震的主要响应区,在时间上具有短期预测意义。位于特殊构造环境的中天山地区地震少,地震强度低。4次5级地震后的1~3年,新疆地震活动呈明显增强趋势,中天山地区中强地震活动对周边地区中强地震活动会产生触发作用。     

阳原盆地化稍营地区断层主要活动时期的研究

研究一个地区断层主要活动时期是了解地壳构造运动或断层发育历史的基础。本文仍沿用了传统研究法,并将同位素法和石英形貌法测年与显微构造分析法引进到研究断层主要活动时期的工作中,取得了能相互映正的结果,最后确定阳原盆地化稍营地区的断层经历过:元古代前;燕山期;6～9千万年;上新世——早更新世和最后一次较强烈活动在20—30万年以前等五次主要活动时期。     

用地震矩张量反演的鄂尔多斯地块运动与临汾大地震

本文用地震矩张量反演断裂形变带运动学特征的方法，讨论了近６００多年来鄂尔多斯地块不同时段的构造运动。结果表明，大华北第３地震活动期中该地块运动增强，其构造运动参数２倍于正常期，指出１６９５年临汾大地震是在此区域构造运动背景下产生的。     

思普地区地震活动和地质构造的相关性研究

红河断裂是云南主要的区域大断裂,区内现代构造运动强烈,但其南段长期无中强地震发生,而离它仅１００ｋｍ的滇西南思普地区地震活动却异常强烈,本在前人工作的基础上,研究了滇西南地区地壳构造和地震活动特点,用人工地震测探等方面的实际资料进一步证实了思普地区存在地较大规模的北东向断层,并提出北东向断层的思普地区地震活动中起重要控制作用的结论。     

冀鲁豫交界区地震活动与区域构造运动的关系

根据冀鲁豫交界区（３５．０°－３６．５°Ｎ,１１３．５°－１１６．０°Ｅ）的地震构造格架与地震活动分布,分析研究了本区的地震活动性,得出了本区地震活动与区域构造运动的牵动作用,并探讨了本区的地震危险性。     

Advances on Active Tectonics Research

The tectonic movement at human scale has not been fully understood yet, especially for active tectonics, although it is the basis to study natural hazards and environmental variations. Many national and international scientific plans related closely to active tectonics research have been made in the past ten years. This paper briefly summarized the background of the undertaking of active tectonics research, its advances and existing problems, and the key points in its future studies are also pointed out. The emerging of new technologies like the Earth Observing Sys tem, Digital Seismology and so on provides unusual opportunities for tectonic research. It is emphasized, however, that careful analyses and building up of new theoretical frame are sill the key problems for studies of active tectonics, especially for active tectonics in China‘ s conti nent.     

Basic characteristics of active tectonics of China

Active tectonics is inferred to all the structures which have been active since the late Pleisto-cene, 100—120 ka B.P., are still active recently, and will be active in a certain time period in the future, such as active faults, active folds, active basi…     

块体构造学说的大地构造体系

在中国及邻区大地构造的研究过程中,板块构造理论用于解释中国复杂的大陆动力学过程有所局限,而中国本土的大多数大地构造观点无法展开洋陆对比研究.朱夏和刘光鼎对中国大陆边缘和中国大陆的构造演化历史和动力学体制有其独到的见解,即以活动论为内涵的全球构造理论,我们在此基础上增加了方法论和认识论等内容,提出块体构造学说.块体构造学说在用板块理论解释新全球构造阶段构造现象的基础上,将块体和结合带赋予新的定义和内涵,作为板块之下的二级构造单元,用以表示古全球构造阶段的大地构造单元.本文在简要介绍块体构造学说提出的历史和背景基础上,简述对中国海陆及邻区大地构造演化的理解,系统阐述块体构造学说的大地构造体系,明确块体和结合带的定义、分类和特征,作为正在编制的"中国海陆大地构造格架图"中大地构造单元划分的依据.     

A Review on Researches of Active Tectonics—History,Progress and Suggestions

This paper reviews the history and progress of research on active tectonics in China and overseas.By giving a brief introduction on the history of active tectonic research in China and other countries,the paper sums up the process and development of quantitative investigation of active tectonics since the 1980s.The focus is on the main efforts and progress made in China on certain aspects of research,such as basic surveys and applied investigation of active tectonics,the study of theories related to regional active tectonics and their kinematics and geodynamics,surveys on coupling relations between deep and shallow structures,active fault surveys and prospecting and seismic hazard assessment in urban areas,as well as the efforts made using Quaternary geochronology.Furthermore,the paper looks back on Chinese quantitative investigation of active tectonics in China and sums up cognitions derived from studies on the determination of several basic and measurable parameters of active tectonics.These parameters include the length of fault and fault segmentation,coseismic slip and cumulative slip,fault slip rate,the sequence of paleoearthquake events and the time elapsed since the most recent event.At the same time,efforts and progress made in China on assessing the long-term seismic potential for active faults and evaluating the risk from potential active fault movement have been reviewed by summarizing research on developing theories,models,methods and the application of time-dependent seismic potential to probabilistic assessment,magnitude estimation for potential earthquakes on active faults,and the forecast of potential risk caused by active fault movement.Finally,in consideration of the realities and problems in the research of active tectonics in China,the authors put forward several suggestions for issues worthy of more attention for further investigation in the future.     

地震危险区划分的活动构造依据

分析了地震预报方法与活动构造结合的现状，活动构造与地震危险区预测的内在联系。指出现今预报方法存在的问题以及与活动构造结合的必要。同时还研究了以地震构造带为代表的活动构造条件，对中国大陆地震密集带进行进行了统计分析。     

A Review on Researches of Active Tectonics——History, Progress and Suggestions1

This paper reviews the history and progress of research on active tectonics in China and overseas. By giving a brief introduction on the history of active tectonic research in China and other countries, the paper sums up the process and development of quantitative investigation of active tectonics since the 1980s. The focus is on the main efforts and progress made in China on certain aspects of research, such as basic surveys and applied investigation of active tectonics, the study of theories related to regional active tectonics and their kinematics and geodynamics, surveys on coupling relations between deep and shallow structures, active fault surveys and prospecting and seismic hazard assessment in urban areas, as well as the efforts made using Quaternary geochronology. Furthermore, the paper looks back on Chinese quantitative investigation of active tectonics in China and sums up cognitions derived from studies on the determination of several basic and measurable parameters of active tectonics. These parameters include the length of fault and fault segmentation, coseismic slip and cumulative slip, fault slip rate, the sequence of paleoearthquake events and the time elapsed since the most recent event. At the same time, efforts and progress made in China on assessing the long-term seismic potential for active faults and evaluating the risk from potential active fault movement have been reviewed by summarizing research on developing theories, models, methods and the application of time-dependent seismic potential to prohabilistic assessment, magnitude estimation for potential earthquakes on active faults, and the forecast of potential risk caused by active fault movement. Finally, in consideration of the realities and problems in the research of active tectonics in China, the authors put forward several suggestions for issues worthy of more attention for further investigation in the future.     

北天山地区活动逆断裂-褶皱带构造与潜在震源区估计

北天山山前逆断裂－褶皱带是典型的大陆内部活动挤压构造,该地区的地表活动构造、隐伏活动构造及活动背斜都受地下深处近水平滑脱断层控制。对１９０６年玛纳斯地震（Ｍ７．７）的发震构造、地表变形与破裂特征和山前活动逆断裂带上古地震的研究表明,北天山山前隐伏活动深断坡具备大地震发生的构造条件,大致以金钩河为界分为东西两段,相应地构成两个大地震潜在震源（Ｍ８）。山前第２条玛纳斯逆断裂－褶皱带和第３条独山子逆断裂－褶皱带中的各个活动背斜,以及西湖隆起等可能是８个中强地震的潜在震源（Ｍ６）。     

USING UAV PHOTOGRAMMETRY TECHNOLOGY TO EXTRACT INFORMATION OF TECTONIC ACTIVITY OF COMPLEX ALLUVIAL FAN——A CASE STUDY OF AN ALLUVIAL FAN IN THE SOUTHERN MARGIN OF BARKOL BASIN

Alluvial fans that are in the process of development always show complex geomorphic features due to natural modification. Accordingly, analyzing these fans whether to be influenced by tectonic deformation is one of the technique difficulties in active tectonic studies. Complex alluvial fans are the focus of the study of active tectonics such as fracture mapping and activity behavior analysis, for they have often retained important structural information. Traditional measurement methods, such as satellite remote sensing, RTK GPS and Lidar, are difficult to meet the demand for the study of micro tectonic deformation because of the reason of accuracy or cost performance. The recent UAV photogrammetry technology, due to its many advantages such as low cost, high resolution, and efficiency of exporting DEM and DOM data, has been widely used in three-dimensional modeling, ground mapping and other fields. In the quantitative study of active tectonics, this technology fills up the deficiency in the research of the micro structure of the traditional measurement. Through detailed field investigations and paleoseismic trenching, we further used this technology to obtain the topographic data of a complex alluvial fan located at the southern marginal fault of Barkol Basin, Xinjiang. Pointing at the alluvial fans that are in the process of development, and on the basis of topographic analysis and image processing for DEM, we take the research method of secondary partitions of the geomorphic surface and cut the alluvial fans longitudinally according to the difference of its age. Through the establishment of profile cluster within each partition, separate analysis and data contrast with the adjacent partitions, we acquired the tectonic activity information during the development of alluvial fan. The tectonic vertical deformation of this alluvial fan is about 2.5m.     

新生地震构造带的研究——地震地质研究新开拓的一项工作

地震构造带是地震地质研究最重要的内容之一.几十年来,许多研究者对我国所有已知的地震构造带进行了大量的调查研究,但这些都是老(先存)断层带新活动而导致地震的构造带.笔者通过多年的研究发现,还存在新构造时期(N-Q)才产生的断层带或地震构造带.揭示出唐山-河间-磁县、庙西北-黄河口和腾冲-耿马-澜沧等几条新生地震构造带.由...