CINRAD/SA雷达磁场电源调试与故障判定

阐述了CINRAD/SA雷达磁场电源控制电路,对磁场电源控制板电路的场效应管驱动信号、控制板驱动信号、IGBT模块极间电压波形等关键测试点进行了调试,并给出了相应的标准波形示意图,对磁场电源输出电压、磁场电源电压保护和聚焦线圈电流保护进行了分步调试,根据在实际使用过程中出现的故障现象、故障判定处理,结合实物测试点给出了故障处理流程图,结合实际工作经验总结了磁场电源的相关故障排查点和故障排除方法,旨在为雷达磁场电源的现场故障处理提供帮助和参考。     

白城多普勒雷达故障维护及思考

磁场电源故障的表现为：雷达软件报出灯丝电源故障，无法高压开机。监控分机在低压开机后，检查出PC004指示灯6灭，显示灯丝、钛泵电源故障。     

714CDN天气雷达特征性故障的技术分析

714CDN天气雷达长时间满负荷运行,不可避免会发生各种故障。准确、快速地发现故障并及时排除,是确保天气雷达正常运行的重要环节。本文通过对雷达发射系统、天馈系统和基础供电电源部份故障排除过程的分析,为C波段天气雷达故障排除提供经验和技术思路。      

CINRAD/SA雷达天伺系统疑难故障原因剖析

2008年5月28日21:00至5月31日13:00济南CINRAD/SA雷达天伺系统出现一次综合性质的故障.故障涉及到天线伺服系统数字控制单元DCU(5A6)、光纤通信链路、数据采集单元DAU等几个环节.按常规思路检修故障不能修复.通过以数字控制单元状态显示和角码显示异常信息要点作为此次故障的突破口,重新查找故障原因并逐个击破修复,使雷达恢复正常运转.着重介绍此次疑难故障的原因分析和检修思路,旨在提高雷达技术保障能力.     

新一代天气雷达钛泵电源调试和故障定位方法

速调管是新一代天气雷达(CINRAD)发射机系统的关键器件,为确保稳定可靠运行,在速调管附属电路中设计了钛泵电源装置。本文介绍了钛泵电源的工作原理、作用及特点,并给出了CINRAD／SA和SB型号天气雷达钛泵电源信号流程、技术参数测量等分析思路,列举了CINRAD／SA和sB型号天气雷达钛泵电源常见故障和典型故障的处理过程,总结提出了雷达钛泵电源控保电路调试、故障定位及处理方法,为雷达保障技术人员高效快捷处理雷达钛泵电源故障提供参考。     

L波段雷达电源电路解析

根据平时对GFE(L)1型二次测风雷达的检测和维修,分析雷达电源部分维护、测量以及由电源电路引起的故障及排除方法.     

CINRAD/CD雷达方位伺服系统驱动电源故障分析及处理

对遵义CINRAD/CD新一代多普勒天气雷达运行6年多来发生的8次方位伺服系统驱动电源故障维修工作进行归纳总结。根据故障现象细微差别,将其归纳为3类,并对应分析故障原因,找出具体维修措施,以便于本站维修经验的积累和国内其他同型号雷达维修技术人员参考。     

CINRAD〖KG-*2〗/CD雷达方位伺服系统驱动电源故障分析及处理

对遵义CINRAD/CD新一代多普勒天气雷达运行6年多来发生的8次方位伺服系统驱动电源故障维修工作进行归纳总结。根据故障现象细微差别,将其归纳为3类,并对应分析故障原因,找出具体维修措施,以便于本站维修经验的积累和国内其他同型号雷达维修技术人员参考。     

新一代天气雷达发射机灯丝电源故障分析

根据近几年河南新一代天气雷达（CINRAD／SB）故障统计,雷达发射机出现故障比例相对其他分机要高,在运行一段时间后灯丝电源故障率在发射机中比例有所升高,极易出现灯丝控制板烧毁、灯丝保险丝熔断、继电器损坏等故障,而发射机灯丝电源故障维修一直是难点。在研究CINRAD／SB发射机灯丝信号流程、关键点波形基础上,总结了从故障现象分析入手,根据相关信号流程和关键点波形,通过关键点参数测试定位发射机灯丝电源故障到可更换单元的故障诊断流程;列举了用故障诊断流程修复发射机灯丝电源故障的个例,即由于灯丝电源控制板继电器损坏烧毁电路板,引起保险丝过流断路,导致灯丝电流故障;提出了对现有SB发射机灯丝电源进行改进的技术措施,以及出现故障后暂时采用的一些应急方法。     

CINRAD/SA天气雷达灯丝电源改进电路

针对SA雷达发射机灯丝电源在实际应用过程中进行了跟踪,对出现的电源驱动电路板被烧焦的故障原因和处理办法进行了阐述。现有的SA雷达发射机灯丝电源存在保护性设计缺陷,经常出现破坏性的故障,特别是电源在驱动信号不稳的情况下,两个半桥驱动开关管被击穿,引起驱动电流过大,并烧焦电路板。通过对电路实际维修以及分析,发现此问题是可以克服的,只要适当增加灯丝电源的自我保护功能,并对控制电路进行部分改进,在驱动信号不稳引起电源输出异常时,电源快速收到雷达系统发出的响应信号,自动掐断强电电源,阻止了大电流在驱动信号非稳定期持续经过驱动电路,减少对开关管的冲击,避免随后产生破坏性故障。改进后灯丝电源在部分雷达上进行试用,效果非常理想。     

地球-电离层空腔舒曼共振日变化特征分析

全球雷电活动在地球-电离层空腔中产生的极低频(ELF)信号干涉叠加,在一系列固定频率上产生舒曼共振(SR)。利用2012年5月以色列Mitzpe-Roman(MR)站ELF水平磁场资料,采用频谱变换、时间平均、分析了实测SR日变化信号的时域和频域特征。同时基于全球ELF传播模式,利用OTD/LIS雷电卫星资料模拟了5~30 Hz磁场功率谱日变化情况。结果表明:时域背景信号幅值的均值和偏差满足正态分布的期望和标准差;水平磁场前三阶SR谐振频率非常稳定,月平均下的谐振频率日变化相对8、14、20 Hz理论值的偏移量分别不超过0.3 Hz、0.55 Hz和0.6 Hz。东南亚和美洲地区雷电活动主要响应于南北磁场分量第一阶SR的07—09时和19—22时时段内。而东西磁场分量前三阶SR在12—15时时段内都对非洲地区雷电活动有指示作用。磁场功率谱日变化模拟结果与实测基本一致,表明利用单站正交磁天线的不同阶SR信号能够指示全球不同"热斑"区域的雷电活动。     

Apposite of atmospheric electric parameters with the energy coupling function (ε) during geomagnetic storms at high latitude

In this paper we are concerned with the variation of the atmospheric electric field and the air–earth current due to the excessive power generated by the solar wind-magnetosphere dynamo during geomagnetic storms, recorded at Maitri in Antarctica during 2004. A major part of the power generated by the solar wind-magnetosphere dynamo is used in the formation of the ring current and the rest is utilized for Joule heating and auroral particle precipitation. The method adopted by Frank-Kamenetsky et al. [Frank-Kamenetsky A.V., Troshichev O.A., Burns G.B., Papitashvili V.O., 2001. Variations of atmospheric electric field in the near-pole region related to the interplanetary magnetic field. J. Geophys. Res. 106, A1, 179–190.] was utilized to delineate the variations due to the signatures of tropical thunderstorm activity from the geoelectric data; while statistical methods used in our earlier studies were used to delimit variation due to the constant buffeting of the solar wind. We find that the solar wind-magnetosphere energy coupling function (ε) to be well correlated with the atmospheric electric parameters during the onset of geomagnetic disturbances. However the correlation breaks down during minor storms and sub-storm events.     

全向及定向圆极化天线的小型化研究

本文提出了两种分别应用于全向以及定向圆极化天线的小型化设计.这两种天线设计方案是基于电偶极子与磁偶极子的有机结合.全向圆极化方向图具有很广的覆盖范围及避免极化失配的特点,非常适合应用于移动物联网以及卫星间通信等.对于两组水平放置的电磁偶极子,如果采用等幅激励且相位相差90°,会产生全向的圆极化方向图.本文介绍了一种工作在下一代移动通信28 GHz频率的呈车轮形的紧凑全向圆极化天线.整个天线印刷在直径仅4 mm的圆形介质板上,且具有宽带高效率等良好电器特性,非常适合应用于5G小型化移动通信终端.定向圆极化天线具有高增益且避免极化失配的特点,广泛应用于卫星移动通信终端中.两组正交放置的电磁偶极子如果等幅且同向激励,会产生定向呈心形的辐射方向图.本文还介绍了一种电小且高辐射效率的惠更斯天线,该天线有机结合了两个电小的辐射单元,形成结构紧凑的定向圆极化天线,非常适合卫星通信以及无线能量传输等应用.     

全相闪电磁场测量系统实现与试验

根据电磁感应法原理,研制了一套全相闪电磁场测量系统。该系统磁场测量天线由3个正交的半径为15 cm的环状天线构成,由高速大容量示波记录仪完成数据采集,采用基于全电路表达式的脉冲磁场数字重构法对数据进行还原处理。利用该系统,结合电场变化观测系统和高速摄像系统,在广东省从化地区开展了闪电的光、电、磁场同步观测试验。试验资料分析表明,该套全相磁场测量系统观测的闪电磁场变化基本真实可靠。     

区域自动气象站铅酸蓄电池常见故障维修

铅酸蓄电池在区域自动气象站中应用比较广泛,大部分区域自动气象站的蓄电池采用太阳能电池板充电,受天气因素影响较大,经常出现失水和极板硫化,以及漏液腐蚀电极等故障.造成蓄电池无法充电和供电,直接影响到气象观测数据的采集和传输.针对区域自动气象站免维护铅酸蓄电池的工作特点,从蓄电池的补水、极板硫化和电极被腐蚀的处理等常见故障的维修技术、方法步骤、注意事项以及野外应急充电等方面进行逐一阐述,并从技术分析的角度提出一些改进建议,供自动气象站维护人员参考.     

CB型新一代天气雷达触发器故障分析

天气雷达的触发器为调制器可控硅提供触发放电信号,触发器故障后将导致调制器人工线无法放电,发射机停止工作。通过对一次CINRAD/CB新一代天气雷达触发器故障的详细分析,发现触发器控制板V1(IRF450,场效应管)导通时间过长是致使R33过热烧毁的主要原因。同时R33消耗功率过大又造成触发器电源板调整放大管V4、V5(MJ12005)过载烧毁。在分析触发器电路图和信号流程的基础上,介绍了此类故障的排除方法,并就如何预防此类故障发生提出了建议,旨在使技术保障人员掌握触发器组件的测试和维修方法,能在最短时间内排除故障。     

Trends in northern midlatitude atmospheric wave power from 1950 to 2099

In a warming climate, atmospheric wave activity and associated weather patterns may change, although conflicting results have been reported on this topic. Additionally, atmospheric wave changes in a future climate have mainly focused on waves of a specified spatial scale, rather than a particular spatiotemporal scale. Here, changes in the variability of Rossby waves of multiple spatiotemporal scales are analyzed using the wavenumber-frequency power spectrum, a tool commonly applied to analyze atmospheric equatorial waves. Daily 500 hPa geopotential height data over 40°–60°N from historical (1950–2005) and future (2006–2099) simulations from 20 models in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) under the RCP8.5 scenario were analyzed. When compared to the historical period, the late 21st century climate projections showed a decline in spectral power for both eastward and westward propagating waves with wavenumbers greater than 8 that spanned over all frequencies in all seasons, but an increase in mean power for eastward propagating waves with wavenumbers 1–7 over all frequencies was shown in winter and spring. This increase in power was accompanied by increased variance, i.e., an increased meridional extent of 500 hPa ridges and troughs, and was the result of increases in the mean number of high amplitude events and duration of activity within this wave band. These results indicate that large-scale (~ 104 km) eastward propagating weather systems may intensify with higher amplitudes for ridges and troughs, while short-scale (102–103 km) weather systems may decrease in their intensity due to reduced variability in the late 21st century under the high emissions scenario. Potential mechanisms for these changes are discussed, including enhanced Arctic warming and midlatitude-tropical interactions.     

Modification of atmospheric DC fields by space charge from high-voltage power lines

Corona ion discharge is responsible for a flux of small ions emanating from an overhead power line capable of modifying the ambient electrical environment. The ensuing space charge can be detected as a change in magnitude of the earth's natural DC electric field at ground level. DC field mill meters were used to measure the vertical component of electric fields upwind and downwind of 132 and 400 kV power lines. Evidence of space charge blowing downwind of power lines was observed in 21 out of 22 cases. Time series measurements recorded in the downwind direction were highly variable with fields of higher magnitude compared to those recorded upwind. Model DC field profiles were used to estimate a lower limit to the space charge density at body height arising from power lines. The average lower limit was 3000 cm⁻³ excess unipolar charges. The result suggests that between 10% and 60% of outdoor aerosols gain excess charge by the attachment of corona ions. Downwind of a 400 kV line in Somerset that was prone to excessive corona discharge, the estimated mean lower limit excess unipolar space charge density was 6000 cm⁻³, suggesting that up to 100% of aerosols gain excess charge by the attachment of corona ions. Investigations into the time variation of DC electric fields around motorways and the natural diurnal variation of the earth's DC field were also undertaken and compared to the power line data. The results show that the power line time series are clearly distinguishable from typical examples of both types of field variation, demonstrating the relatively highly charged atmospheres that generally exist around high-voltage power lines. The results are of potential public health concern, because they suggest a degree of aerosol charging that may result in a non-trivial increase in lung deposition of inhaled pollutant aerosols.     

人工触发闪电M分量的电流与电磁场特征

利用2008—2010年在广州从化人工触发闪电试验中观测到的闪电通道底部电流、近距离电场以及近距离磁场数据资料,对人工触发闪电M过程的电流和电磁场特征及相关性进行了分析。统计分析结果显示:M分量电场波形持续时间和10%~90%上升时间几何平均值分别为0.49 ms和0.12 ms;电流波形持续时间、10%~90%上升时间和电流变化的几何平均值分别为0.53 ms, 0.11 ms和0.34 kA;磁场波形持续时间、10%~90%上升时间和磁场变化的几何平均值分别为0.65 ms, 0.16 ms和2.76×10-5T。此外,M分量的电流、电场及磁场波形间存在一定的相互关系。相关分析结果表明:M分量的电磁场与电流资料在峰值幅度上具有较显著相关性,几何形状也较为一致,利用电磁场资料反演M分量的电流波形具有可行性。