地名分词搜索的词典设计与匹配方法研究

阐述了专门用于分词搜索的关键词词典设计,提出了采用逆向最大匹配和权重匹配相结合的方法,实现了更加准确、高效的地名搜索。     

基于中文分词的地名兴趣点简称的研究

针对地名兴趣点的命名结构,阐述了用于中文分词的基本词库与简称词库的设计,选用IKAnalyzer实现中文分词。在分词基础上设计并实现了简称规则与算法,从而达到在不影响信息表达的基础上简化名称的目的。     

利用地名语义实现Web地震事件空间信息提取

针对Web新闻中地震事件地点要素提取的需求,提出了利用地名语义技术实现的地震事件空间信息提取的解决方案。通过构建地名本体库来支持标准化地名构建,通过句法分析、中文分词和词性标注识别地名,通过地名的标准化从地名本体库获得地名语义信息提取地震事件地点信息。同时,利用语义库及其推理机制完成地名标定范围内的地震事件搜索,成功地获取了中国境内近年的各省地市县的地震事件的空间分布情况。原型系统验证了论文方法的可行性和有效性。     

地址要素识别机制的地名地址分词算法

本文在介绍分析常用中文分词方法及其特点的基础上,针对地名地址字符串,提出基于地址要素识别机制的地名地址分词算法。该算法基于整词二分分词词典,采用FMM算法,增加了基于地址要素的识别机制,从而有效地实现了对地名地址串的拆分。识别机制通过判断地址要素的完整性完成对未登录地址名称的处理,解决了分词算法对未登录地址名称的识别问题。测试证明新算法能够有效实现对地名地址串的拆分,从很大程度上解决对未登录地址名称的识别问题。     

地理编码系统中地名地址分词算法研究

对中文分词有关技术进行分析和研究,结合地理编码的特点,设计了基于双字哈希和数组的三层组合分词词典数据结构,以及逐次增字的最大正向分词算法。并通过构建和遍历地名通名词典,识别地名地址中未登录词。测试表明,本文算法速度和效果较好,解决了地理信息系统中中文分词的相关问题。     

集成全景地图的街道地名服务建设方法

全景地图作为移动测量成果已经开始应用于空间数据更新。本文将全景地图与公开版地图数据库结合,进行了街道地名地址的数据采集,建立了标准地名地址库;通过建立地名规则库和地址匹配引擎,将非标准地名进行分词处理后与标准地名地址之间对应匹配,最后发布地名服务,实现了匹配结果的在线查询和定位。     

3维场景中地名信息查询定位技术的研究与实现

研究了3维地形场景中地名信息的查询定位与可视化技术。基于1∶50000地名数据库,利用C#结合Di-rectX,运用面向对象技术从底层开发、设计和实现了3维地形场景中地名数据的查询定位与可视化功能。系统可快速模糊搜索、实时定位、动态调度地名数据,为其他各类专题信息的表达提供了一种有效的思路。     

旅游地理信息垂直搜索引擎及应用研究

针对互联网上旅游信息量飞速增长导致旅游者难以从海量大数据中检索出有效信息的问题,该文为帮助旅游者从众多Web旅游网站中高效地获取想要的地理信息,基于开源的Nutch搜索引擎框架,结合旅游领域与地理信息的特性,对原有搜索引擎框架的索引及搜索方法模块进行改造,通过设计基于词典的双向最大匹配模型对地理信息进行分词,并集成到Nutch搜索引擎框架的分词模块中,构建出面向旅游领域地理信息的垂直搜索引擎。最后,利用GIS技术,设计并实现了一个旅游地理信息垂直搜索系统,对旅游地理信息搜索服务进行了验证。     

一种基于地址分词的自动地理编码算法

针对我国多数城市地名/地址表述的不规范性,基于可伸缩地址模型提出地理编码数据库的构建方案,设计一种基于地址分词的自动地理编码算法.首先根据地理编码库编制地址词典,利用地址词典对地名/地址进行地址分词,形成地址要素及其级别;然后再对地址要素及其级别组合形成查询条件到地理编码库中进行匹配;最后分析影响这种地理编码算法精准度...     

基于QGIS的地名搜索插件开发

利用Python和PyQt开发平台,基于地名地址数据库,介绍在开源软件QGIS中开发地名搜索插件的具体实现方法,实现QGIS在地名搜索功能上的扩展.     

阿克苏河-塔里木河水系水质污染遥感监测与评价

 采用Landsat TM数据分析了阿克苏河—塔里木河断面水质污染状况,通过波段的DN值和常规监测数据建立能反映水质状况的 污染物监测模型。结果发现,将2000年常规监测数据代入模型后,与遥感数据的结果基本吻合| 重建阿克苏河—塔里木河的连续水体 污染变化曲线,得出污染物浓度随着远离上游而增加。     

Monitoring drought dynamics in the Aravalli region (India) using different indices based on ground and remote sensing data

The hard-rock hilly Aravalli terrain of Rajasthan province of India suffers with frequent drought due to poor and delayed monsoon, abnormally high summer-temperature and insufficient water resources. In the present study, detailed analysis of meteorological and hydrological data of the Aravalli region has been carried out for the years 1984–2003. Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) has been used to quantify the precipitation deficit. Standardised Water-Level Index (SWI) has been developed to assess ground-water recharge-deficit. Vegetative drought indices like Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and Temperature Condition Index (TCI) and Vegetation Health Index (VHI) have been computed using NDVI values obtained from Global Vegetation Index (GVI) and thermal channel data of NOAA AVHRR satellite. Detailed analyses of spatial and temporal drought dynamics during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons have been carried out through drought index maps generated in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment. Analysis and interpretation of these maps reveal that negative SPI anomalies not always correspond to drought. In the Aravalli region, aquifer-stress shifts its position time to time, and in certain pockets it is more frequent. In comparison to hydrological stress, vegetative stress in the Aravalli region is found to be slower to begin but quicker to withdraw.     

使用FME与VBA提取机场方格网高程数据

因受机场工程设计软件的测量数据容量限制,基于LiDAR采集、点云分类后得到的地面点云数据LAS不能完整应用于目前设计软件进行设计计算。本文通过对拟选技术方案的筛选,提出了利用FME Workbench数据处理功能,结合VBA编程获取外部方格网平面数据的方法。该方法在FME Workbench中实现了地面点云数据构建TIN、采用逐点内插方法从TIN中提取方格网高程数据、等高线生成及相应图形处理与成果输出。最终通过实际算例证明了该方法的有效性。     

Landslide risk analysis between Giri and Tons Rivers in Himachal Himalaya (India)

The area around Sataun in the Sirmur district of Himachal Pradesh, India (falling between the rivers Giri and Tons; both tributaries of the Yamuna River) was studied for landslide vulnerability on behalf of the inhabitants. The study was made using extensive remote sensing data (satellite and airborne). It is well supported by field evidence, demographic and infrastructural details and aided by Geographic Information System (GIS) based techniques. Field observations testify that slope, aspect, geology, tectonic planes, drainage, and land use all influence landslides in the region. These parameters were taken into consideration using the statistical approach of landslide hazard zonation. Using the census data of 1991, vulnerability of the populace to the landslide hazard was accessed. As most of the infrastructure in the region is concentrated around population centres, population data alone was used for vulnerability studies.     

Gravity Changes Before Large Earthquakes in China: 1998-2005

Although it is well known that coseismic gravity changes take place during an earthquake, previous research has not yielded convincing evidence demonstrating that significant gravity changes occur before large earthquakes. Furthermore, even if we suspect that gravity changes occur before large earthquakes, we have yet to demonstrate how to consistently observe these changes for useful earthquake forecast that would bring benefits to society. We analyzed ground gravity survey data obtained in 1998, 2000, 200...     

GNSS系统及其技术的发展研究

阐述了国际上卫星导航系统的总体发展,对美、俄、欧、中的四大全球系统,以及相关的区域系统和增强系统进行了简单的介绍,研究分析了GNSS系统及其技术的发展趋势,同时分析了我国Compass全球系统面临的机遇和挑战,并提出了我国未来工作的建议.     

“4D”技术及其应用

介绍“４Ｄ”（即数字地面模型、数字正射影像、数字栅格地图和数字线划地图）系列产品的生产流程、关键技术、及其在耕地保护、防灾减灾救灾和城市规划等方面的应用方法。     

Virtual Australia: its key elements – know,think, communicate

Abstract

Virtual Australia is not a well-defined or agreed concept. This discussion paper conceptualises Virtual Australia as a ‘virtual [digital] model containing and representing all non-trivial objects and their contextual environment – from blue sky to bedrock – in real world Australia’. It describes a scenario for Virtual Australia, one or two decades from now, in which the locations and conditions of non-trivial objects and their environment are updated automatically through a combination of remote sensing and wireless communication technologies in support of a ‘Supranet’. It then examines the concept of the ‘Supranet’ – a pervasive information network based largely on wireless technology linking the physical world to a virtual model in real time – and develops and discusses three principal characteristics of the Supranet: the ability to have or collect specific information (know); the ability to process information (think); and the ability to communicate that information. If, in the near future, any or all non-trivial devices are to some extent able to know, think and communicate, the potential for object autonomy will be realised.     

自动车辆定位导航系统中传感器的误差分析

对国界定位导航系统中几种常见的辅助传感器所产生的误差进行了分析，导出了不同传感器的误差模型。这些误差模型是估计车辆位置的扩展卡尔曼滤波器的基础，同时也为选择适当的传感器提供了理论根据。