基于OpenMP的海量DEM快速并行裁切算法

为了提高海量DEM的裁切效率,且充分利用现有的多核CPU计算资源,提出一种基于OpenMP框架的快速并行裁切算法,并对其性能进行实例验证.通过对规则和不规则DEM数据用不规则矢量范围线裁切的任务进行分解,设计了相应的并行程序,将遍历点与矢量范围线的空间关系及DEM内插的过程进行并行化计算,缩短了计算时间.算法在实际生产...     

MPI+OpenMP环境下的特征函数空间滤值并行化方法研究

针对现有的特征函数空间滤值方法存在算法复杂、计算效率低下、难以满足海量空间数据应用需求等问题,提出一种特征函数空间滤值并行化方法。基于主从模型(master/slave模型)和MPI+OpenMP混合编程模式,充分挖掘多核集群下计算机的性能,并在多核集群平台上与纯MPI算法进行了对比实验。结果表明,基于MPI+OpenMP的方法能够获得更高的并行加速比和计算效率。     

基于多核CPU的大规模DEM并行三维渲染

采用数据分块进行地形数据组织,基于缓存策略进行数据调度,对各地形块采用四叉树LoD(level of detail)的细节简化算法,利用多核CPU的计算特性实现四叉树LoD的并行生成,在动态构造地形三角网后,让不同的CPU核心负责不同地形区域以实现并行渲染,基于OpenMP及OpenThreads建立原型系统。实验结果表明,并行化渲染具有明显的性能优势。     

利用网格索引与R树的弧段求交并行算法

本文通过对图幅进行网格化划分,建立网格索引,对弧段按网格建立R树空间索引,进一步降低了空的相交判断次数;根据网格之间一定的独立性,对不同网格内弧段进行并行化求交,并在单CPU多核计算机上利用OpenMP并行机制对算法进行了实现。分析与实验表明:改进后的新算法对较大数据量弧段求交的处理效率较高,与同类算法相比,在空间数据拓扑的建立与空间分析的应用中具有一定优势。     

基于OpenMP的矢量空间数据并行拓扑算法设计与实现

高性能并行GIS逐渐成为GIS发展的新方向。矢量数据的复杂性使得一些并行GIS算法难以实现,从而无法满足并行GIS的发展要求。文中针对GIS算法中的拓扑算法,借助OpenMP编程模型,通过消除并行拓扑处理过程中的数据依赖,在单机多核的环境下设计并实现了矢量空间数据并行拓扑算法。通过实验对比串行拓扑算法和并行拓扑算法的处理时间和结果,验证了并行拓扑算法的正确性,同时证明并行拓扑算法能够在一定程度上提升拓扑处理的效率。     

基于MapReduce的空间kANN查询

引入VoR-Tree空间索引,并基于传统MQM算法对kANN查询算法进行并行化改造,使得空间数据的存储和计算都迁徙到Hadoop集群上,并通过实验对该算法进行了性能测试和分析。结果表明,与单节点计算相比,基于VoR-Tree索引的并行kANN查询算法程序具有良好的性能和近似直线的加速比。     

共享内存环境下的干涉合成孔径声呐复图像配准及优化方法

提出了一种共享内存环境下的干涉合成孔径声呐（interferometric synthetic aperture sonar,InSAS）复图像配准优化方法。首先在分析复图像配准算法各处理步骤计算特点和并行性的基础上,针对粗配准和精配准计算中大量的滑动窗口计算操作,根据相邻窗口数据之间的关系进行了计算方法优化设计;然后采用OpenMP指令对粗配准、精配准、复图像插值和干涉相位提取计算步骤进行了并行化设计和计算任务分配,以充分利用多核计算资源加速复图像配准过程;最后通过InSAS复图像的并行配准试验验证了所提方法的正确性和高效性。     

顾及粒度控制的格网DEM洼地和平坦区预处理并行算法

针对现有格网DEM洼地和平坦区处理并行算法进行数据处理时未考虑并行粒度等问题,在分析了洼地和平坦区处理串行算法的基础上,基于消息传递接口并行化工具,构建了顾及粒度控制的格网DEM洼地和平坦区处理并行算法。在配置Linux操作系统的集群环境下,利用不同大小的DEM数据,测试了算法的并行性能,结果表明:顾及粒度控制的并行MV算法可以在任意并行粒度下完成计算任务,具有较好的并行性能。而且,对于某一给定的DEM数据,存在一个合适的并行粒度使得MV算法的并行性能最佳。     

土地利用优化配置人工免疫并行决策支持系统

从土地资源优化配置的两大核心问题的基本特点和求解需求出发,提出了面向土地资源优化配置问题求解的多目标人工免疫优化模型框架;对智能决策支持系统的架构、算法扩展与应用扩展接口、优化模型的并行化策略等关键技术进行了设计;选取湖北省秭归县作为实验区,对系统的通用性与可扩展性进行了验证,并对优化模型的多目标寻优能力和并行性能进行了评估。     

Map/Reduce框架下的粗糙集空间数据挖掘改进算法

大数据时代,传统的空间数据挖掘算法在挖掘海量空间数据信息时存在计算能力和存储能力不足的瓶颈。为解决此问题,本文在研究粗糙集基本理论和Map/Reduce框架的基础上,对传统的粗糙集空间数据挖掘算法进行基于Map/Reduce的高效、廉价的并行化改进。实验表明,在处理大数据时,改进后的模糊集并行空间数据算法能有效提高算法的效率,满足人们处理海量空间数据的需求。     

阿克苏河-塔里木河水系水质污染遥感监测与评价

 采用Landsat TM数据分析了阿克苏河—塔里木河断面水质污染状况,通过波段的DN值和常规监测数据建立能反映水质状况的 污染物监测模型。结果发现,将2000年常规监测数据代入模型后,与遥感数据的结果基本吻合| 重建阿克苏河—塔里木河的连续水体 污染变化曲线,得出污染物浓度随着远离上游而增加。     

Monitoring drought dynamics in the Aravalli region (India) using different indices based on ground and remote sensing data

The hard-rock hilly Aravalli terrain of Rajasthan province of India suffers with frequent drought due to poor and delayed monsoon, abnormally high summer-temperature and insufficient water resources. In the present study, detailed analysis of meteorological and hydrological data of the Aravalli region has been carried out for the years 1984–2003. Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) has been used to quantify the precipitation deficit. Standardised Water-Level Index (SWI) has been developed to assess ground-water recharge-deficit. Vegetative drought indices like Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and Temperature Condition Index (TCI) and Vegetation Health Index (VHI) have been computed using NDVI values obtained from Global Vegetation Index (GVI) and thermal channel data of NOAA AVHRR satellite. Detailed analyses of spatial and temporal drought dynamics during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons have been carried out through drought index maps generated in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment. Analysis and interpretation of these maps reveal that negative SPI anomalies not always correspond to drought. In the Aravalli region, aquifer-stress shifts its position time to time, and in certain pockets it is more frequent. In comparison to hydrological stress, vegetative stress in the Aravalli region is found to be slower to begin but quicker to withdraw.     

Landslide risk analysis between Giri and Tons Rivers in Himachal Himalaya (India)

The area around Sataun in the Sirmur district of Himachal Pradesh, India (falling between the rivers Giri and Tons; both tributaries of the Yamuna River) was studied for landslide vulnerability on behalf of the inhabitants. The study was made using extensive remote sensing data (satellite and airborne). It is well supported by field evidence, demographic and infrastructural details and aided by Geographic Information System (GIS) based techniques. Field observations testify that slope, aspect, geology, tectonic planes, drainage, and land use all influence landslides in the region. These parameters were taken into consideration using the statistical approach of landslide hazard zonation. Using the census data of 1991, vulnerability of the populace to the landslide hazard was accessed. As most of the infrastructure in the region is concentrated around population centres, population data alone was used for vulnerability studies.     

Gravity Changes Before Large Earthquakes in China: 1998-2005

Although it is well known that coseismic gravity changes take place during an earthquake, previous research has not yielded convincing evidence demonstrating that significant gravity changes occur before large earthquakes. Furthermore, even if we suspect that gravity changes occur before large earthquakes, we have yet to demonstrate how to consistently observe these changes for useful earthquake forecast that would bring benefits to society. We analyzed ground gravity survey data obtained in 1998, 2000, 200...     

GNSS系统及其技术的发展研究

阐述了国际上卫星导航系统的总体发展,对美、俄、欧、中的四大全球系统,以及相关的区域系统和增强系统进行了简单的介绍,研究分析了GNSS系统及其技术的发展趋势,同时分析了我国Compass全球系统面临的机遇和挑战,并提出了我国未来工作的建议.     

“4D”技术及其应用

介绍“４Ｄ”（即数字地面模型、数字正射影像、数字栅格地图和数字线划地图）系列产品的生产流程、关键技术、及其在耕地保护、防灾减灾救灾和城市规划等方面的应用方法。     

Virtual Australia: its key elements – know,think, communicate

Abstract

Virtual Australia is not a well-defined or agreed concept. This discussion paper conceptualises Virtual Australia as a ‘virtual [digital] model containing and representing all non-trivial objects and their contextual environment – from blue sky to bedrock – in real world Australia’. It describes a scenario for Virtual Australia, one or two decades from now, in which the locations and conditions of non-trivial objects and their environment are updated automatically through a combination of remote sensing and wireless communication technologies in support of a ‘Supranet’. It then examines the concept of the ‘Supranet’ – a pervasive information network based largely on wireless technology linking the physical world to a virtual model in real time – and develops and discusses three principal characteristics of the Supranet: the ability to have or collect specific information (know); the ability to process information (think); and the ability to communicate that information. If, in the near future, any or all non-trivial devices are to some extent able to know, think and communicate, the potential for object autonomy will be realised.     

地理数据库的关系模型及其实现

本文从以图论观点分析地理实体入手,系统阐述了地理数据库关系模型的设计法和过程。作者于1984年4～9月间在微型机上设计建立了关系型地理数据库的实方验系统(RGDB)。该系统采用了本文提出的关系模型,采用了可动态扩库的子库组合结构,这种结构具有灵活性和提高空间利用率的优点。RGDB含有多种功能的数据操作命令,除了具有一般检索功能外,还能进行“开窗”选取和十分“自由”的映象选取。本文对RGDB系统的主要性能和实现途径作了扼要介绍。     

Toward seamless indoor-outdoor applications: Developing stakeholder-oriented location-based services

Location-Based Services (LBS),an emerging new business based on smartphone and mobile networks,are becoming more and more popular.Most of these LBSs,however,only offer non-seamless indoor/outdoor applications and simple applications without giving stakeholders the chance to play an active role.Our specific aim is to solve these issues.This paper presents concepts to solve these issues by expanding the Open Location Services Interface Standard (OpenLS) to allow seamless indoor/outdoor positioning and to extend the content of the services to include information recommended by stakeholders.     

基于WebGL的三维智慧管网系统的设计与实现

随着城市面貌日新月异,地下管网的建设也在持续推进,作为城市的地下“神经网络”,全天24 h保障城市的正常运转和发展。本文以实现城市管网管理系统的高可用、无插件、智能化为目标,采用“地上地下一体”“二三维一体”的设计理念,研究基于WebGL的三维智慧管网系统的关键技术,实现了管线设施管理的信息数字化、空间化与图形化。