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1.
顾国华  张晶  王武星 《地震学报》2003,25(6):653-660
中国地壳运动观测网络基准网GPS连续观测,获得了2001年11月14日昆仑山8.1级大地震前后中国大陆,特别是西部地区的地壳水平运动信息.以东部长期相互间相对水平位移很小的几个站组成的一组稳定点作为基准, 据此获得水平位移分量时间序列.2000年11月上旬起中国西部的GPS基准站开始出现显著的异常位移,此后在云南及四川发生多次6级左右的地震.自2001年4月中旬开始,中国西部GPS基准站向北的水平位移速率明显减小,甚至反向,临震前及震后略有恢复,但震后向北的水平位移速率仍减小,并有明显的向西运动.近几年中国大陆西部(相对东部)的地壳运动过程表明,印度板块的向北挤压是昆仑山8.1级大地震的主要力源,大地震释放了大量的能量,印度板块对中国大陆的作用力明显降低,大震后至2002年底中国大陆的地震活动也明显降低.   相似文献   

2.
Introduction The great Kunlun Mountain earthquake occurred on November 14, 2001 on the border be-tween Xinjiang and Qinghai in west China (36.2N, 90.9E). It was the largest earthquake oc-curred in Chinese mainland in the last 50 years. The Crustal Movement Observation Network of China (CMONOC) established in 1998 mainly for the purpose of earthquake prediction with only 25 fiducial stations for continuous GPS observations, has recorded the precious information of the crustal movement …  相似文献   

3.
The continuous GPS observation at the fiducial stations in the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China (CMONOC) recorded the crustal movement of Chinese mainland before and after the great Kunlun Mountain earthquake of M=8.1 on November 14, 2001, especially the horizontal crustal movement in the western part of China. Based on the datum defined by a group of stable stations with small mutual horizontal displacements for a few years, the time series of horizontal displacements at fiducial stations were obtained. Significant anomalous horizontal displacements had appeared at the fiducial stations in the western part of China since early November 2000 and several earthquakes with the magnitudes about 6.0 had occurred in Yunnan and Sichuan Provinces. The northward components of the horizontal displacement at the fiducial stations in west China had decreased significantly and even changed in the opposite sense since mid April 2001. After the earthquake, the northward displacements still decreased and there were significant westward displacements. The process of the crustal movement in the western part of Chinese mainland (in reference to east China) suggests that the main force source for this earthquake came from the northward pushing of the Indian plate. The great earthquake released a large amount of energy, as a result, the action applied by the Indian plate to Chinese mainland diminished significantly and after the great earthquake, the seismic activity in Chinese mainland decreased considerably until the end of 2002.  相似文献   

4.
1 Introduction of GPS observation dataThe Crustal Movement Observation Network of China (CMONOC) is a major scientific project in China organized by China Seismological Bureau and paticipated by the Bureau of Surveying and Mapping of the General Staff, the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Bureau of Surveying and Mapping. Based on the observation data of 25 fiducial stations and 56 basic stations in CMONOC (Figure 1 and Table 1), collected from August 26 to September…  相似文献   

5.
Horizontal crustal movement in Chinese mainland from 1999 to 2001   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
Introduction In the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China (CMONOC) there are 25 fiducialstations, 56 basic stations and 1 000 regional stations. They are scattered on 10 major blocks inChinese mainland with high density of observation stations on the blocks of high seismic activityin the regional networks. 10 major blocks or regions (they will be referred to as blocks in the paper,a letter is used as a symbol for each block) were divided during the design of the regionalnetwo…  相似文献   

6.
The paper introduces the horizontal crustal movement obtained from GPS observations in the regional networks (including the basic network and the fiducial network) of the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China (CMONOC) carried out in 1999 and 2001. This paper is characterized by the acquisition of the horizontal displacement velocities during the period from 1999 to 2001 at the observation stations in the regional networks with datum definition of a group of stable stations with small mutual displacements in east China. Based on the most detailed map of horizontal crustal movement in Chinese mainland, the division of blocks, their displacements and deformations are studied. An approach to analysis of the intensity of the horizontal crustal deformation is proposed. The general characteristics of the recent horizontal crustal movement in Chinese mainland and that before the Kunlunshan earthquake of M=8.1 on November 14, 2001 are analyzed. Foundation item: The National Development and Programming Project for Key Basic Research (95-13-03-07).  相似文献   

7.
赵国强  李鹏 《地震》2012,32(2):129-134
利用中国大陆GPS连续观测站资料, 获取了2011年3月11日日本9.0级地震造成的连续站同震位移。 计算结果表明, 位于我国东部尤其是东北地区的台站在水平方向都有明显的同震位移, 且离震中越近同震位移量越大, 其中绥阳站的水平同震位移量最大, 达到33 mm。 通过对时间序列分析发现, 有明显同震位移的连续站, 震前水平方向的运动速度都有放缓的趋势, 可能是一种形变前兆现象。 这些GPS观测到的同震位移及震前运动速度异常, 对于进一步研究前兆地壳运动、 地震动力学特征以及精化中国大陆地壳运动速度场都有重要意义。  相似文献   

8.
Guohua Gu 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2006,163(11-12):2575-2583
The general characteristics of the recent horizontal crustal movement in the Chinese Mainland and the horizontal crustal movements before the Kunlun Mountain earthquake of M8.1 on Nov. 14, 2001 and two earthquakes of M 8.0 and M 7.9 occurred in Sept. 2003 around the Chinese Mainland are analyzed with GPS data obtained in the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China (CMONOC). Relative vertical displacements observed in the last five years at fiducial stations show that there was a significant correlation between the length of day and the vertical displacements at most stations in western China.  相似文献   

9.
IntroductionTheCrustalMovementObservationNetworkofChina(CMONOC)isoneofmajorscientificprojectsinChinaduringthe9thFive-YearPlan.ThefirstGPSobservationsof25fiducialstationsand56basicstationsinthenetworkwerecompletedfromAugust26toSeptember6,1998andallthe81stationswereobservedsimultaneously.25fiducialstationshavebeenincontinuousoperationsincelateMarch1999.Inaddition,dataofcontinuousobservationfromtheIGS(InternationalGPSService)stationXIANinXi(anarealsoavailable.Figure1showsthelocation…  相似文献   

10.
中国地壳运动观测网络基准站水平位移向量时间序列   总被引:6,自引:2,他引:6  
顾国华  张晶  王武星 《地震》2003,23(2):39-47
根据中国地壳运动观测网络基准网1998年9月初至2002年6月底GPS连续观测结果,结合各基准站的水平位移的分量时间序列,试图利用空间上更直观、更清晰的水平位移向量方法进一步说明中国地壳运动观测网络基准网水平位移测量精度、水平方向点位稳定性及2001年11月14日昆仑山口西8.1级大地震前后的地壳水平运动时空演化过程。  相似文献   

11.
The great Wenchuan earthquake of M8.0 on May 12, 2008, occurred in an area with dense GPS observation stations in the regional network of the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China (CMONOC). Non-continuous observations were carried out at the 1 000 GPS stations of the regional network in 1999, 2001, 2004 and 2007. The horizontal displacements at GPS stations in the regional network before the Wenchuan earthquake show that the main driving tectonic force of the earthquake was the northward pushing of the Indian plate, added at the same time by the pushing of plates on the east and south. In comparison to the displacements in other regions, the horizontal displacements near and around the seismic area is characterized by diverging eastward displacements, that is, the stations to the north of the epicenter moved in the ENE direction while those to the south of epicenter moved in ESE direction with smaller displacements at stations near the epicenter. The accuracy of the estimated strain results is briefly discussed. In order to obtain the anomalous information before the earthquake, the methods of both best fits by trend surface and statistics have been used in the study for finding the future epicentral area from the strain accumulations in the regional network observed from 1999 to 2007 before the Wenchuan earthquake. Besides the epicentral area of the western Kunlun mountain pass earthquake of M8.1 in 2001, the results of best fits by trend surfaces of the strain accumulations from 1999 to 2007 in the regional network show that the Wenchuan earthquake occurred at the eastern fringe of a large area with relatively large accumulations of the first shear strains and also at the northeastern fringe of a smaller area with significant accumulated areal compressions. The statistics of the accumulations of the strain components demonstrates that they also showed anomalous distribution patterns in this area and its neighborhood with increasing accumulations of both shear strains and areal compressions.  相似文献   

12.
GPS观测得到的1998~2003年中国大陆地壳应变   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
顾国华  王丽凤 《地震》2006,26(3):1-8
利用1998年9月至2003年9月底中国地壳运动观测网络基准站与基本站GPS观测所获得的多期水平位移结果, 计算了由观测站组成的各三角形的应变。 鉴于量级不大的应变时空变化的复杂性, 试图用统计的方法分析基本网观测得到的2001年11月14日昆仑山口西MS8.1大地震前后的应变。 此次地震前中国大陆, 特别是中国大陆西部变形有加剧过程, 且中国大陆西部最大剪应变方向总体上保持稳定。 这表明, 此次大地震前有明显的应变能积累; 而在震中附近2000~2001年地震前应变速率很低, 出现闭锁或成核现象。 由最接近震中三角形计算得到的最大剪应变方向确定地震断层走向为N89.3°E。 震后2002年的变形仍然较大, 但2002~2003年中国大陆, 特别是东部, 变形最小。  相似文献   

13.
本文利用“中国地壳运动观测网络(二期)”多个GPS连续观测站观测数据处理结果,将2013年4月20日四川芦山MS7.0地震区域参考框架同震水平位移与全球参考框架同震水平位移进行比较,结果表明两组框架解一致,说明两种参考框架均可当作位错参考框架,也即全球参考框架同震水平位移也可视为区域参考框架同震水平位移.区域参考框架下GPS连续观测站地震前的水平位移和同震水平位移结果表明,震前数年,SCTQ站西侧的GPS站构造运动十分显著,而该站水平位移却很小,即出现反常的闭锁.但该站的同震水平位移使其弹性回跳至正常构造水平位移水平,因此SCTQ站震前的位移闭锁是水平位移空间分布中的异常,是芦山MS7.0地震的前兆.水平位移时空变化表明,该站震前和震时位移完全符合里德的弹性回跳理论.区域参考框架中位移时间系列和同震水平位移的综合研究有助于对芦山地震地壳运动前兆的认识和解释.尽管本文未能直接采用其它GPS连续观测站的资料,但结合本文和其它研究结果可以证实,震中附近其它站地震前后的变化与SCTQ站类似.基于芦山地震前水平位移和同震水平位移及其与前兆关系的研究,本文进一步讨论了GPS监测网的布设、 数据处理和分析等问题.   相似文献   

14.
根据网络工程的GPS站点观测资料,计算相对中国大陆整体1999~2007年的趋势运动速率和2004~2007年的动态运动速率,用青藏亚板块和华南亚板块的参数计算龙门山断裂带的活动参量,研究了中国大陆运动场和其变化,分析了地壳运动场的特征与汶川MS8级地震的孕育关系.结果揭示出:现今地壳的运动分区与地质新构造单元基本一致,显示现代地壳构造活动是新构造运动的继承和发展;中国大陆地壳运动的动力主要与印度板块、太平洋板块与欧亚板块的相互碰撞俯冲产生的作用力有关.汶川MS8级地震的发生,主要是由于印度板块对青藏亚板块的向北推挤、产生侧向运动,致使龙门山断裂带遭受挤压产生能量积累所致.2004~2007年的地壳动态运动,使龙门山断裂带走滑活动加强,从稳定的压应变积累状态转入了剪切作用下的易活动状态.  相似文献   

15.
采用复小波分析技术,分析了中国大陆GPS基准站水平向时间序列的多时间尺度和周期性变化特征。结果表明,青藏高原GPS站的南北分量在2007年初至汶川大地震发生前,出现一个周期的准同步周年振荡异常,且向北方向的半周期波峰振幅明显高于各点在印尼苏门答腊巨震后大尺度北东向长趋势运动的加速度,这可能是导致龙门山闭锁段破裂的重要触发因子。这种振荡的周期集中在汶川大地震前355~375天,与地球绕太阳公转周期非常一致。  相似文献   

16.
2008年5月12日汶川(31.0°N,103.4°E)MS8.0大地震发生在中国地壳运动观测网络区域网GPS观测站相当密集的地区.1000个站的GPS 非连续观测区域网分别在1999,2001,2004年和2007年作了4次观测.震前区域网GPS观测站得到的水平位移表明,汶川大地震主要力源是印度板块向北对中国大陆的挤压,但同时也受到东部与南部板块的挤压.与其它地区相比,震前震中附近水平位移最显著的特点是,汶川地震发生在南北地震带上位移分叉部位,即震中北部明显向东北位移,震中南部明显向东南位移,而震中附近的水平位移则明显小于其北面和南面的水平位移.简要讨论了应变计算结果的精度.为获取地震前的异常信息,分别采用趋势曲面拟合和统计方法研究了汶川地震前(1999—2007年)区域网的应变积累,寻找震中的大致区域.除了2001年昆仑山口西大地震震中及其周围地区外,1999—2007年震前区域网的应变积累的趋势曲面拟合表明,汶川地震发生在中国大陆第一剪应变积累大、范围最广的区域的东侧,且在此区域内积累较大的面压缩区的东北边缘.应变分量的统计分析表明,震前其分布在此区域及其附近同样有明显的异常,剪应变和面膨胀积累均增强.   相似文献   

17.
Current crustal movement in Chinese mainland   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
The quantification of tectonic deformation in the Eastern and Central Asia is of great significance for the study on global plate motion and lithospheric dynamics. In the past four years, the velocity field of horizontal crustal movement for the Chinese mainland has been established for the first time thanks to the intensified GPS measure-ments and its improved accuracy. The velocity field derived from GPS measurements delineates the patterns of tectonic deformation in the Chinese mainland in the unprecedented detail, and thus reveals the new features of the ongoing tectonic process resulted from the collision of Indian plate to Eurasian plate. Meanwhile, the surface offset induced by two strong earthquakes occurred in Chinese mainland was sampled precisely using InSAR technique.  相似文献   

18.
GPS观测得到的中国大陆地壳垂直运动   总被引:13,自引:1,他引:13  
顾国华 《地震》2005,25(3):1-8
利用中国地壳运动观测网络基准站的GPS连续观测及基本站非连续GPS观测结果,分析了基准站垂直位移的年周期变化特点,讨论了获得中国大陆垂直位移长趋势速率的条件,说明由基本站(连同基准站)多期GPS观测得到的长趋势垂直位移速率是较为可靠的。由于不少GPS观测站有幅度达数cm的年周期变化及大部分区域站观测次数少,由1999年、2001年两期区域站GPS观测难以得到可靠的长趋势垂直构造运动速率。基本站的观测结果表明中国大陆长趋势垂直构造运动主要特点是,速率较低,北升,南降,东强,西弱,西部相对东部略有下降。  相似文献   

19.
The November 14, 2001 Ms8.1 Kunlun Mountains earthquake in northern Tibet is the largest earthquake occurring on the Chinese mainland since 1950. We apply a three-dimensional (3-D) finite element numerical procedure to model the coseismic displacement and stress fields of the earthquake based on field investigations. We then further investigate the stress interaction between the Ms8.1 earthquake and the intensive aftershocks. Our primary calculation shows that the coseismic displacement field is centralized around the east Kunlun fault zone. And the attenuation of coseismic displacements on the south side of Kunlun fault zone is larger than that on the north side. The calculated coseismic stress field also indicates that the calculated maximal shear stress field is centralized around the east Kunlun fault zone; the directions of the coseismic major principal stress are opposite to that of the background crustal stress field of the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) Plateau. It indicates that the earthquake relaxes the crustal stress state in the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) Plateau. Finally, we study the stress interaction between Ms8.1 earthquake and its intensive aftershocks. The calculated Coulomb stress changes of the Ms8.1 great earthquake are in favor of triggering 4 aftershocks.  相似文献   

20.
关于昆仑山8.1级大震时空有序性初探   总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1  
门可佩 《地球物理学进展》2002,17(1):145-146,179
分析讨论了2001年昆仑山8.1级大震的重要意义,并对1996-2001年我国西部强震活动在时空上的有序特征及其与台湾强震之间关联进行了初步的研究。  相似文献   

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