东准噶尔三塘湖盆地中侏罗统砂岩碎屑锆石U- Pb年龄、Hf同位素特征及对铀成矿的意义

三塘湖盆地汉水泉地区是东准噶尔地区砂岩型铀矿找矿的有利地段,为揭示该地区中侏罗统西山窑组和头屯河组沉积物物源体系,分析地层铀源条件,对西山窑组和头屯河组砂岩开展碎屑锆石LA- ICP- MS U- Pb测年和Hf同位素分析。分析结果显示西山窑组砂岩的碎屑锆石年龄集中于晚古生代,2个样品年龄峰值分别为328 Ma和340 Ma,碎屑锆石εHf(t)为8.9~14.7,二阶段模式年龄介于690~415 Ma之间;头屯河组砂岩的碎屑锆石年龄可划分出238~163 Ma、505~259 Ma和1950~744 Ma三个区间段,碎屑锆石εHf(t)为-6.5~12.1,二阶段模式年龄介于1709~575 Ma之间。物源分析表明西山窑组砂岩物源单一,主要来自于研究区西部卡拉麦里—麦钦乌拉和野马泉地区;头屯河组砂岩物源相对复杂,除了有来自于卡拉麦里地区的碎屑物质外,还接受了其他区域的物源供给。二者之间碎屑锆石年龄特征的突变,代表了东准噶尔地区中侏罗世一次剧烈的构造变形事件,物源特征指示汉水泉地区中侏罗统地层铀含量相对有限,铀源是限制该地区砂岩型铀矿成矿的重要因素。     

上扬子会泽地区晚三叠世须家河组砂岩物源特征:基于重矿物分析和碎屑锆石U-Pb测年

上扬子会泽地区晚三叠世须家河组主要由辫状河-浅湖的砂岩和泥岩组成,交错层理校正恢复的物源主要来自东南方向。碎屑重矿物钛铁矿、锐钛矿、铬尖晶石和磁铁矿组合表明物源主要来自岩浆岩,部分为基性岩,且重矿物中发现大量碎屑电气石和锆石。运用电子探针成分分析和碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb测年方法,分别对须家河组砂岩中电气石和碎屑锆石进行测试分析。电气石化学成分显示主要为镁电气石和黑电气石,来自变质板岩和变质砂岩以及贫锂花岗岩类、伟晶岩和细晶岩。砂岩碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄谱分析表明,须家河组的物源主要来自257~362 Ma、420~492 Ma、782~876 Ma和1 690~2 176 Ma岩石。物源方向、重矿物以及电气石和碎屑锆石综合分析表明,须家河组物源主要来自滇黔桂古陆。其中,257~362 Ma的物源岩石主要为峨眉山玄武岩同期侵入岩;420~492 Ma来自东南源岩为花岗岩和砂岩,782~876 Ma主要为研究区周缘同期的花岗岩和砂岩,1 690~2 176 Ma物源也是源岩为岩浆岩的砂岩。与飞仙关组物源对比,须家河组物源区明显不同,可能与区域构造运动有关。同时,碎屑锆石指示古元古代发育岩浆作用,且存在古老的新太古代结晶基底。这些资料为上扬子构造演化提供了沉积学证据。     

大兴安岭北部中侏罗统漠河组砂岩LA-ICP-MS碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄:对漠河盆地源区的制约

对大兴安岭北部漠河盆地中侏罗统漠河组砂岩进行了碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄测试,获得的碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄为1425~170 Ma,反映了中侏罗时期漠河盆地源区的复杂性。该时期漠河盆地物源主要有:中元古代变质火山岩,碎屑锆石年龄1425~1064 Ma;新元古代变质侵入岩,碎屑锆石年龄888~550 Ma;寒武—奥陶纪变质表壳岩与深成侵入岩,碎屑锆石年龄517~441 Ma;石炭—二叠纪侵入岩,碎屑锆石年龄327~252 Ma;三叠纪—中侏罗世侵入岩,碎屑锆石年龄250~170 Ma。这一测试数据与盆地现在南缘分布的地质体的时代基本对应,说明盆地的物源主要来自南部的中元古代—中侏罗世地质体,碎屑锆石中最小年龄为170 Ma,反映漠河组沉积下限不早于中侏罗世早期。这一成果对研究漠河盆地源区的物质组成、盆地沉积年代和油气成藏条件提供了新的素材。     

鄂尔多斯盆地北部杭锦旗地区下石盒子组多物源体系: 来自矿物学及碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学的证据

鄂尔多斯盆地北部上古生界砂岩碎屑组分、岩屑类型和重矿物组合具有明显的东西分带性,但是其物源来源及差异性尚不明确.利用锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年方法,对鄂尔多斯盆地北部杭锦旗地区下石盒子组碎屑锆石年龄分布及变化特征进行了研究,明确了不同年龄组分碎屑锆石的来源,并分析了不同物源体系及差异性.结果表明:不同地区下石盒子组碎屑矿物含量存在明显差异,由西向东岩屑含量逐渐增加,石英含量逐渐减小;下石盒子组锆石年龄主要呈现280~340 Ma、400~450 Ma、1 700~2 000 Ma和2 200~2 500 Ma 4个峰值区间段,从东部地区到西部地区,锆石显生宙年龄组分所占比例逐渐增加,且中部、西部地区新出现400~450 Ma的年龄段;对比周源岩体同位素年龄,西部地区物源主要来自于阿拉善地块,东部和中部地区物源主要来自于大青山-乌拉山、阴山和集宁地区,同时中部地区还受到阿拉善地块物源输入的影响;结合下石盒子组砂岩锆石定年结果和碎屑矿物含量、岩屑类型分布特征,认为杭锦旗地区发育多物源体系,并据此将研究区分为西部物源区、中部混合物源区及东北部物源区.      

内蒙古银额盆地哈日凹陷下白垩统碎屑锆石U-Pb测年及其物源意义

前人认为银额盆地下白垩统物源主要来自凹陷周缘的造山带或凸起区,但对于下白垩统的物源具体属于何套地层、确切源区位置等问题,并未开展过相关研究。笔者以哈日凹陷为例,通过对该凹陷下白垩统8个沉积岩样品开展地球化学和碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学研究,以期解决以上问题。研究结果表明:(1)碎屑锆石按年龄可以分为三叠纪锆石、二叠纪锆石、石炭纪锆石和古老锆石4类,对应的年龄分别为237. 9±3. 2~238. 3±8. 4 Ma、255. 0±9. 7~285. 9±4. 3 Ma、307. 0±23. 0~330. 0±3. 0 Ma和434. 0±4. 0~2584. 0±14. 0 Ma。(2)微量元素和锆石年龄组成特征表明,下白垩统以二叠系和石炭系物源供给为主,包括二叠纪和石炭纪侵入岩和沉积岩。(3)锆石年龄分布指示哈日凹陷下白垩统物源具有多源区的特征,凹陷西北部的洪格尔吉山、南部的宗乃山和东部的切刀山对其均有物源贡献。(4) 3个物源区对巴音戈壁组和苏红图组的物源贡献率具有一定的差异,如宗乃山地区对苏红图组有较大的物源贡献率,这种差异可能由沉积物迁移距离、源区地质体剥蚀速率、构造运动等原因所致。下白垩统物源特征的确定,对于恢复哈日凹陷早白垩世原型盆地、建立早白垩世沉积古地理模型等均具有重要的意义。     

重矿物在沉积物源分析中的应用——以内蒙古西部额济纳旗及邻区石炭系—二叠系为例

分析旧司阶—吴家坪阶额济纳旗及其邻区主要地层中的碎屑岩重矿物组合特征,结合区域地质特征、碎屑岩岩石学特征、碎屑锆石测年资料、古水流方向、沉积体系特征等,阐述了石炭系—二叠系沉积物的物源体系。重矿物组合特征显示,研究区北部黑鹰山-额济纳旗坳陷和南部的柳园-芒汗超克坳陷的碎屑岩重矿物组合类型和含量都有差异,指示它们来自不同的物源区;碎屑锆石测年资料显示,绿园-拐子湖凹陷的埋汗哈达剖面埋汗哈达组碎屑锆石的年龄可分为2类：436Ma±13Ma和1467Ma±110Ma,古水流方向也显示有北部物源区存在,说明沉积物源受敦煌-阿拉善-狼山古陆和马鬃山-拐子湖隆起带的双重作用;北部坳陷沉积物源来自马鬃山-拐子湖隆起带。     

塔西南叶城地区新生代沉积物源分析:来自碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学证据

新生代以来,受印度与欧亚板块碰撞和持续汇聚作用的影响,西昆仑造山带重新活化,并向塔里木盆地强烈挤压冲断,形成塔西南新生代再生前陆盆地。本文以塔西南叶城地区柯克亚剖面新生代砂岩样品为研究对象,进行碎屑锆石LA-MC-ICP-MS U-Pb测年,探讨其主要物源方向,以期对西昆仑隆升历史进行约束。结果表明,碎屑锆石的年龄存在70 Ma,200~500 Ma,800~1000 Ma,1600~2000 Ma和2400~2800 Ma五个年龄段,反映了该区物源的复杂性。综合分析潜在的物源区岩石属性、年龄构成及古流向等研究资料,认为物源区主要包括铁克里克、奥依塔克及喀喇昆仑地区,来自西南天山的可能性比较低。其中70 Ma的碎屑锆石主要来自于南部的帕米尔和喀喇昆仑地区;而200~500 Ma年龄段的锆石来自南部的铁克里克和西南部奥依塔克地区,这两个地区是主要的物源区;800~1000 Ma年龄段的锆石主要来自库地缝合带;1600~2000 Ma和2400~2800 Ma年龄段的锆石主要来自于铁克里克地区的前寒武纪结晶基底。研究区与奥依塔克地区位于同一弧形带,二者具有相似的物源区。上新世阿图什组地层沉积前后锆石形态具有明显突变,代表了西昆仑一次快速隆升过程。     

罗布泊第四纪湖盆物源与盆地构造演化特征：来自LDK01孔碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄证据

为揭示罗布泊盐湖第四系潜在物源区及凹陷阶段性演化过程,本文对罗布泊第一口钾盐科探深钻LDK01孔更新统不同深度样品进行碎屑锆石U-Pb微区定年分析。Th/U比值显示,钻孔碎屑锆石类型主要为岩浆锆石,少量为变质成因锆石。锆石年龄主要集中在209~240Ma、265~304Ma、320~385Ma、406~446Ma、705~880Ma及2376~2405Ma几个区间。综合分析潜在物源区的岩石属性和年龄构成,初步认为罗布泊地区前寒武纪年龄来自北部山前库鲁克塔格地区,加里东期碎屑锆石可能来源于阿尔金造山带和(或)南天山构造带。276Ma的峰值记录了塔里木盆地二叠纪大火成岩省事件,南天山最有可能为主导物源区。印支期和新生代碎屑锆石年龄暗示了北山地块和东天山,甚至较远的帕米尔-西昆仑山等地可能也提供了物源。凹陷周缘富钾岩体广泛出露,经风化、淋滤搬运至罗布泊,为凹陷第四纪成钾提供了有利的物质来源。塔里木盆地内部流域带来的碎屑组分是主要的物质来源,近源地区造山带岩体提供的物源有限。碎屑锆石年龄纵向变化特征显示,罗布泊北部地区在中更新世发生一次明显的构造抬升,可能是导致罗北凹地形成的重要原因。     

石臼坨凸起西南陡坡带扇三角洲锆石定年与源汇示踪

为了示踪渤海湾盆地石臼坨凸起西南陡坡带扇三角洲源汇体系,对其东三段层序（Ed₃）的6个砂岩样品进行碎屑锆石U-Pb定年分析.西部扇体（C6-4-4井）富含白垩纪（K）锆石并具有110 Ma峰值,母岩以白垩系义县组火成岩为主;中部（C6-4-3、C6-4-6D井）、东部扇体（C6-4-5D）富含侏罗纪（J）锆石并具有152 Ma或168 Ma峰值,母岩以侏罗系蓝旗组火成岩为主,古生代（Pz）锆石则来自中生界碎屑岩.所有样品都含有太古代（Ar）、元古代（Pt）锆石,母岩为花岗岩基底.研究表明,除古生界碳酸盐岩外,源区的母岩地层均可通过碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄示踪,各扇体物源的差异性是由母岩地层倾向控制的,由于中生界向西北倾斜,白垩系主控西部扇体沉积,侏罗系则是中部、东部扇体的主要物源区.      

中祁连拉脊山早古生代沉积岩源区和时代限定

拉脊山混杂带之上的早古生代盆地由砾岩、砂岩和粉砂岩组成的陆相碎屑岩,在沉积时代、源区和构造属性方面缺乏研究。本文对两个杂砂岩样品进行了碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb测年和Hf同位素分析。在两个样品中获得年轻的碎屑锆石加权平均年龄为413±5Ma,综合限定沉积时代为晚志留世-早泥盆世;碎屑锆石年龄谱明显分为4组:411~516Ma,619~1149Ma,1500~1621Ma和2356~2549Ma。其中411~516Ma的年龄数据约占总体的56.6%,所占比例最大,年龄相对集中,显示出强烈的峰值为441Ma,指示其物源可能源于中祁连加里东期俯冲增生、碰撞造山过程中产生的一系列岛弧火山岩和岩浆弧花岗岩类,这与碎屑锆石εHf(t)值(-11.1~+13.7)是一致的,同时也表明在加里东期有大量年轻的物质加入,这些物质在造山过程中遭受剥蚀成为主要的物源。碎屑锆石年龄组619~1149Ma约占总体的27.8%,峰值主要表现为950Ma和777Ma,与祁连造山带新元古代岩浆事件有关,反映新元古代大陆的汇聚和裂解相关的岩浆作用,与εHf(t)值是相对应的;1500~1621Ma年龄组反映碎屑物质可能来自祁连造山带;2356~2549Ma年龄组反映物源来自祁连造山带中的结晶地块,或者来自于华北板块结晶基地。综合分析表明,志留纪砂岩具有明显的多元性物源,以中祁连加里东期俯冲增生-碰撞造山过程产生的岩浆岩是主要物源区。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

NONMETALS DEPOSITS

正20141520 Bo Ying(Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment,MLR,Beijing 100037,China);Liu Chenglin Saline Spring Hydrochemical Characteristics and Indicators for Potassium Exploration in Southwestern and Northern Tarim Basin,Xinjiang(Acta Geoscientica Sinica,ISSN1006-3021,CN11-3474/P,34(5),2013,p.594-602,5 illus.,3 tables,28 refs.)     

MATHEMATICAL GEOLOGY

正20141243Chen Ge(Hangzhou Research Institute of Petroleum Geology,PetroChina,Hangzhou 310023,China);Si Chunsong Study on Sedimentary Numerical Simulation Method of Fan Delta Sand Body(Journal of Geology,     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20142599Chen Sanming(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Concealed Deposits Exploration,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin541004,China);He Yuzhou Block Model and Reserves Estimation of Panzhihua Iron Deposit Based on 3D Geological Modeling(Journal of Guilin University of Technology,ISSN1674-9057,CN45-1375/N,33(4),2013,p.610-615,9illus.,1table,15refs.)     

STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY

正20140594 Bai Daoyuan(Hunan Institute of Geology Survey,Changsha 410016,China);Zhong Xiang Faults in the Jingzhou Basin and Their Tectonic Settings(Geotectonica et Metallogenia,ISSN1001-1552,CN44-1595/P,37(2),2013,p.173-183,6illus.,59refs.)Key words:basin evolution,tectonic setting,South China In the Upper Paleozoic and Jurassic se-     

STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY

正20141912Cao Hui(State Key Laboratory for Continental Tectonics and Dynamics,Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China)Gravitational Collapse and Folding during Orogenesis:A Comparative Study of FIA Trends and Fold Axial Plane Traces(Geology in China,ISSN1000-3657,CN11-1167/P,40(6),2013,p.1818-1828,9illus.,35refs.,with