一个通过萃取氡并应用液闪计数器积分计数测定水中镭的新方法

设计了一个新的测定镭的方法,样品贮存在一个倒置的带聚四氟乙烯塞的玻璃瓶内,用闪烁液萃取氡,最后以液闪计数器积分计数。该法灵敏度高,可测5×10~(-13)居里镭,方法免去用真空系统将氡转入探测器的冗长步骤,从而有可能在除了萃取之外不再做任何化学处理的情况下,重复测定同一样品中的镭。     

粉末样品中镭量分析法及其在铀矿勘查中的应用研究

用普通的铜片,收集密封于玻璃瓶中粉末(土壤)样品释放的氡的衰变子体,通过α仪测量α粒子数来测定样品中的镭,以达到找矿的目的,简称为镭法。此法具有灵敏度高(检出限每克样品中含镭2.7×10~(-15)克),工效高,成本低和便于推广使用等优点。根据8个矿区的20条剖面上的700多个样品的测量结果表明,镭法发现异常的能力比γ测量强,与~(210)Po法相当。文中总结了深部盲矿,地表矿化和非矿异常地段上的镭法、~(210)Po法和γ测量的异常强度及其剖面曲线形态,以及镭与~(210)Po比值等特征的变化规律。根据这些规律可以区分深、浅部矿化。综合应用镭法、~(210)Po法和γ测量可作为异常评价的重要手段之一。根据100km~2面积上771个水系底沉积样品的测镭试验,表明镭法亦可用于铀矿区调、普查阶段。     

氡的衰变产物及其在铀矿勘探中的应用

~(222)Rn 衰变能产生一系列短寿命的衰变产物,这些衰变产物能附着于平板或金属丝的表面上。用简单的计数方法能够测量衰变产物~(218)Po 和~(214)Po 的α放射性。这种现象有可能用于直接找铀。实验室的研究表明:1.氡的衰变产物能被收集在各种材料上(包括各种金属和塑料),2.α强度的增高与收集器的表面积大小有关;3.用加负电压的方法可以增强收集作用。用这种新方法在南马奇铀-铜矿点上圈出异常。还研究了一种用于测量土壤样品中镭的方法。对两种研究结果与常规方法获得的结果进行了比较。     

3112矿床深部矿体偏镭的放射性同位素研究

应用铀、钍、锕铀系中~(228)Ra、~(230)Th、~(231)Pa、~(232)Th等同位素与~(38)U、~(226)Ra之间存在量关系探索了3112矿床深部矿体偏镭的原因。结果表明该矿床深部偏镭是外来镭后期叠加所致。分析数据显示,严重的偏镭现象难以用局部偏铀地段的镭流失予以补偿。这就提示有隐伏镭源体铀存在的可能性。本文所述方法也适用于地表放射性异常性质的判别研究。     

液体闪烁测222Rn法及野外应用

本文介绍了一种新的野外测²²²Rn法——液体闪烁测²²²Rn法。该法取样时间短,操作简单,灵敏度高,重复性好,成本低廉,并能有效地克服钍射气的干扰。野外应用取得了较好的效果。     

锕射气和氡对射气法测定钍射气的影响

钍射气、氡和锕射气的半衰期有很大差别。根据这一点用气流法测定钍射气是可能的[1,2]。通常,在测定由天然地质体中放出的ThX时,如果镭~(226)的含量不超过1·10~(-9)克。而AcX含量不超过与其处于相对平衡的数量,在这样的情况下,便见不到镭~(226)和AcX的影响。这一条件使得在某些场合下以射气法测定铀矿物中的ThX时必须考虑锕射气和氡的影响。文献中尚没有能够对上远影响进行计算的精确资料,故此我们认为必须确定出这些条件,以便在实际工作中应用。对AcX和镭~(226)的影响的研究,是用CΓ-1M型仪器和容积为1和2升的标准电离室进行     

中国地下盐卤水的类型与分布

盐卤水泛指高矿化水.本文采用n.M.杜德科卤水分级标准:淡卤(50~150克/升),浓卤(150~320克/升),饱和卤(320~500克/升),过饱和卤(>500克/升).笔者把总矿化度达25~50克/升者命名为盐水.地下盐     

高纯锗探测器测定天然放射性元素铀、钍、镭

本文介绍了平面型高纯锗探测器和Scorpio-300型多道计算机系统测定天然放射性元素铀、钍和镭的实验方法。剥谱扣除本底,测定的最低浓度为30ppm(U和Th)和1×10~(-11)克/克(Ra)。将本工作分析结果与其它分析方法的结果相比较,有良好的重合性。     

乌拉特中旗克布岩体的地球化学特征及SHRIMP定年：早二叠世华北克拉通底侵作用的证据

乌拉特中旗克布岩体位于内蒙古中西部,属于华北克拉通北缘中段。克布岩体具有埃达克岩的特征:SiO_2= 57.66～66.94%(>56%),Al_2O_3=16.81～18.47%(>15%),MgO=1.33～3.28%(<3%);Y=7.25～13.46×10~(-6) (≤18×10~(-6)),Yb=0.72～1.42×10~(-6)(≤1.9×10~(-6)),Sr=540.4～655×10~(-6)(>400×10~(-6));高场强元素(HFSEs,如Nb、Ta、Ti、Zr)含量低,LRRE富集(La/Yb=12.11～28.56),Eu为弱负异常至正异常(δEu~*=0.95～1.09)。高Sr/Y(48.66～74. 57)、La/Yb以及中等Mg~#(38.72～46.16)、K_2O(1.11～2.17)近似于壳源埃达克岩。克布岩体具有低ε_(Nd)(t)(=-15.1),高(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)_i(=0.7073),也表明了它们的源岩来自大陆下地壳,明显不同于板片熔融来源的埃达克岩同位素特征,而与中国东部的埃达克质岩近似。与华北克拉通晚侏罗世下地壳拆沉作用形成的埃达克岩相比,克布岩体具有低的过渡金属元素含量。克布岩体可能为玄武质液体底侵,导致变厚的下地壳基底部分熔融而形成。克布岩体中锆石的SHRIMP U-Pb锆石年龄为291±4Ma,表明早二叠世初期华北克拉通下的底侵作用已经存在。     

大兴安岭克一河地区满克头鄂博组火山岩形成时代、地球化学特征及地质意义

大兴安岭北段克一河地区满克头鄂博组岩石主体岩性为流纹质、英安质火山岩,火山岩TAS图解中显示其为流纹岩。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果显示,其形成于(139±2)Ma。火山岩多为高钾钙碱性系列,具有高SiO_2和全碱含量。稀土元素总量较低(ΣREE=137.34×10~(-6)~191.18×10~(-6)),轻重稀土元素分馏明显((La/Yb)_N=12.57~22.25),具中等负Eu异常(δEu=0.40~0.72)。富集大离子亲石元素Rb、Th、U和轻稀土元素,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、P、Ti。岩石Sr平均值为115×10~(-6),Yb的平均值为1.70×10~(-6),Y/Yb平均值为9.46,(Ho/Yb)_N平均值为1.04,且具负的Eu异常,暗示岩浆可能来源于加厚麻粒岩下地壳部分熔融,结合区域特征,推测该火山岩可能形成于蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋闭合碰撞造山所导致的地壳加厚环境。     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861     

ENGINEERING GEOLOGY

正20141768 An Shaopeng(Institute of Rock and Soil Mechannics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430071,China);Wei Lide Experimental Study on Mechanical Behavior of Xigeda Formation Siltstone and Structure Interface(Journal of Engineering Geology,ISSN1004-9665,CN11-3249/P,21(5),2013,p.702-708,9illus.,1 table,16 refs.)