山东金岭金矿床成矿流体地球化学特征

对山东金岭金矿矿石中的流体包裹体进行了岩相学、显微测温及单个包裹体成分激光拉曼光谱研究。结果表明:金矿石中发育含CO2相、气液两相和CO2相等三类包裹体,成矿过程中,流体经历了NaCl-H2O-CO2体系的不混溶作用;成矿流体具有低盐度(6.6%~10.8%NaCleqv)、低密度(0.54~0.93g.cm-3)的特点;成矿温度集中于280~300℃之间,成矿压力为70~119MPa,成矿深度为6.78~9.07km;矿石石英中流体包裹体成分普遍含CO2。结合新近的流体包裹体同位素分析结果和测年数据,认为成矿流体为地幔流体、岩浆流体和大气降水的混合产物,矿床成因类型为幔源流体参与成矿的造山型金矿床中成亚类。     

黑龙江磨石山铜多金属矿床流体包裹体研究

磨石山铜多金属矿床位于小兴安岭—张广才岭成矿带、磨石山—红星铜多金属矿集中区内。对该矿床主矿体含矿石英脉石英矿物的流体包裹体进行了岩相学、显微测温和单个包裹体气液相成分激光拉曼探针分析研究表明,流体包裹体类型分为Ⅰ型含CO2包裹体、Ⅱ型CO2包体及Ⅲ型气液两相包裹体,均一温度变化为205.9℃～297.6℃,流体盐度变化为2.2～9.2wt%(NaCl);该矿床成矿流体为一含CO2、中等盐度的NaCl--H2O--CO2体系流体。成矿流体的不混溶(沸腾)作用是铜、钼多金属矿化富集的重要因素。该矿床成矿压力为75～110MPa,成矿深度为2.5～3.7km,反映矿化形成于中等深度,矿床属中温岩浆热液矿床,成矿作用与晚侏罗世古太平洋板块的俯冲作用有关。     

大兴安岭北部砂宝斯金矿床成矿流体特征及矿床成因

通过对不同阶段流体包裹体岩相学、显微测温学和包襄体激光拉曼光谱等的分析,研究其成矿流体性质和演化,并探讨矿床成因类型,结果表明:流体包裹体主要为气液两相包裹体,另有少量含CO2 三相和纯CO2 包裹体.包裹体气相成分主要为N2,CH4,CO2和H2O.主成矿期流体包裹体的均一温度介于156℃～365℃(平均267℃),流体盐度介于5.4%～6.3%(平均5.9%),流体密度为0.82 g/cm3～0.87 g/cm3(平均0.86 g/cm3);成矿晚期辉锑矿阶段流体包襄体的均一温度介于164℃～224℃(平均182℃),流体盐度介于7.2%～8.3%(平均7.7%),流体密度为0.93 g/cm3～0.96 g/cm3(平均0.95g/cm3);成矿后期石英大脉阶段漉体包裹体的均一温度介于129℃～253℃(平均184℃),流体盐度介于5.4%～11.2%(平均7.6%),流体密度为0.88 g/cm3～0.98 g/cm3(平均0.95 g/cm3).从主成矿期、成矿晚期到成矿后期,流体包裹体均一温度降低、盐度增加、密度增大,表明随着流体的演化,变质流体逐渐减少,而地层建造水增加.主成矿期流体压力介于62 MPa～73 MPa(平均65 MPa),对应的成矿深度为6.3 km～6.9 km(平均6.5 km).砂宝斯金矿床的地质-地球化学特征与世界造山型金矿类似,应属造山型,其形成于蒙古-中朝板块与西伯利亚板块之间的陆-陆碰撞造山环境.     

吉林中东部季德屯和大石河大型钼矿床流体包裹体特征及地质意义

季德屯和大石河钼矿是吉林中东部新发现的两个大型钼矿。季德屯钼矿主成矿阶段发育富液相(WL)、富气相(WG)和含CO2相(C型)三种类型流体包裹体,各类包裹体平均盐度为4.8~7.5(wt%,Na Cl)、均一温度为240℃~320℃、成矿压力为73.6~75.5 MPa;晚成矿阶段仅发育富液相(WL)包裹体,包裹体平均盐度为4.5~7.5(wt%,Na Cl)、均一温度为150℃~180℃、成矿压力为43.1~45.1 MPa。大石河钼矿主成矿阶段发育富液相(WL)和含CO2相(C型)两种类型流体包裹体,各类包裹体平均盐度为3.0~6.0(wt%,Na Cl)、均一温度为180℃~330℃、成矿压力为86.4~91.6 MPa;晚成矿阶段仅发育富液两相(WL)包裹体,盐度为1.0~4.0(wt%,Na Cl)、均一温度为160℃~220℃、成矿压力为46.8~48.8 MPa。结合矿床地质特征,确定季德屯钼矿矿床类型为与侵入岩有关的脉状钼矿床,大石河钼矿矿床类型为造山型脉状钼矿床。     

藏南邦布大型造山型金矿成矿流体地球化学和成矿机制

邦布金矿位于青藏高原雅鲁藏布江结合带东段的南侧,矿体受大型脆-韧性剪切带的次级断裂控制,是目前西藏境内已发现的为数不多的大型原生金矿之一。系统的显微测温和激光拉曼测定显示邦布金矿矿石中存在三类流体包裹体:(Ⅰ)纯液相水溶液包裹体;(Ⅱ)含CO2盐水溶液包裹体,此类包裹体又分为两相(Ⅱa)和三相(Ⅱb)两个小类;(Ⅲ)纯气相碳氢化合物包裹体。邦布金矿床中流体包裹体显微测温结果如下:含CO2盐水溶液包裹体的盐度范围为2.20%NaCleqv～9.45%NaCleqv,峰值在6.0%NaCleqv～7.0%NaCleqv,平均值为6.25%NaCleqv;均一温度的范围在166.7～335.8℃,峰值在210～250℃,平均值为235.4℃。相对应的密度范围在0.63～0.96g.cm-3,峰值为0.85～0.95g.cm-3,平均值为0.87g.cm-3。以含CO2盐水溶液包裹体为代表的邦布金矿床成矿流体具有富含CO2、低盐度、低密度、中低温度的特征,与造山型金矿成矿流体相似。同位素测定显示成矿流体的氢氧同位素组成分别为δDH2O=-44.4‰～-105.3‰,δ18OH2O=4.7‰～9.0‰,说明成矿流体主要为变质水,但有地幔流体的加入。综合成矿地质特征和成矿流体的证据,提出邦布金矿为喜马拉雅期陆陆碰撞造山型金矿。     

贵州丫他卡林型金矿床流体包裹体特征及其成矿意义

黔西南丫他金矿床是典型的沉积岩容矿的微细浸染型金矿床。从流体包裹体的角度,探讨了丫他金矿床成矿的温度压力条件和流体演化。各阶段石英、雄黄的流体包裹体岩相学和显微测温研究结果表明:主成矿阶段包裹体主要类型有H2O、CO2和CO2-H2O包裹体,流体包裹体组合呈现CO2-H2O不混溶的特征,晚成矿阶段包裹体类型主要为H2O包裹体;从主成矿阶段到晚成矿阶段,流体包裹体均一温度由139～268℃变化至121～194℃,盐度由2.9%～7.4%变化至2.7%～6.6%。根据共存CO2包裹体和H2O包裹体的等容线计算法,还原主成矿期包裹体捕获温度为260～294℃,捕获压力为59～98 MPa。对比不同类型金矿床中的富CO2流体特征,指出黔西南卡林型金矿床中存在的富CO2流体可能在金的搬运过程中起到一定的作用,CO2-H2O相分离可能是导致矿质沉淀的主要原因。     

东昆仑拉陵灶火地区斑岩型钼矿成矿流体特征

拉陵灶火钼多金属矿床东昆仑成矿带新发现的一个矽卡岩-斑岩型钼多金属矿床,针对该矿床矿化石英脉中的流体包裹体进行温压条件及单个包裹体激光拉曼光谱研究。结果表明,流体包裹体类型主要有气液两相、含CO2三相及富CO2包裹体。测温结果显示石英辉钼矿化阶段包裹体均一温度集中于200℃~350℃,石英硫化物细脉阶段包裹体均一温度集中165℃~210℃。成矿流体的盐度w(NaCl eqv)介于2.73%~16.72%,总体属中低盐度CO2-H2O-NaCl体系。成矿过程中发生过沸腾作用,压力急剧降低,可能产生沸腾作用主要因素。本区斑岩型钼矿形成于洋壳俯冲结束到陆陆碰撞开始的转折期,下地壳的部分熔融是成岩成矿的主要物质源区,因此成矿流体具有富CO2的特征。     

青海大场金矿床流体包裹体特征及其地质意义

采用Linkam冷热台和Renishaw激光拉曼光谱仪对大场金矿床石英-方解石中的原生流体包裹体进行了系统研究。结果表明,流体包裹体类型主要有气液两相、含CO2三相及富CO2包裹体。测温结果显示成矿流体温度为180～260℃,盐度w(NaCleq)为0．2％～8．3％,密度为0．69～0．78g／cm^3,计算成矿压力为40．33～86．69MPa,由压力值估算成矿深度为5．03～7．63km。成矿流体以H2O-CO2为主,含少量CH4、H2S、CO、N2及H2,并有微量的QH2、C2H4、C2H6、C3H8及C6H6等有机质。成矿流体主要来源于大气降水,并混有建造水和少量岩浆水。在金的成矿作用过程中流体不混溶作用和有机质的存在起了重要作用。     

西藏隆子县恰嘎锑矿床流体包裹体及H、O、S同位素组成特征

西藏隆子县恰嘎锑矿位于藏南喜马拉雅特提斯造山带的中东部,属藏南江孜-隆子金锑多金属成矿带。综合研究该矿床的石英流体包裹体特征和H-O-S同位素的组成,发现其流体成矿过程包括:黄铁矿-石英阶段发育富液相包裹体(W型),均一温度集中在170～180℃,盐度w(NaCleq)为2.86%～7.17%,成矿压力平均为47.15MPa,成矿深度平均为1.57 km;石英-硫化物阶段主要发育富液相包裹体(W型),其次为CO2-H2O三相包裹体(C型),均一温度位于200～220℃区间,盐度w(NaCleq)为2.20%～5.11%,成矿压力平均为47.46 MPa,成矿深度平均为1.58 km。矿区总体上流体属含微量CO2气体的中低温、低盐度的NaCl-H2O热液体系。H-O和S同位素结果表明存在地幔流体参与成矿,其赋矿浅变质沉积岩地层也为成矿提供了部分成矿流体,以上研究证明,恰嘎锑矿属于多来源流体浅层中低温矿床。     

新疆萨热阔布金矿床流体包裹体研究及矿床成因

新疆萨热阔布金矿床位于阿尔泰造山带南缘克兰火山-沉积盆地内,矿体呈脉状产于康布铁堡组上亚组地层中(D1k2)。不同成矿阶段石英脉中广泛发育流体包裹体,可划分为H2O-CO2包裹体(C型)、纯CO2包裹体(PC型)、水溶液包裹体(W型)及含子矿物多相包裹体(S型)四类。测温结果显示,成矿早阶段主要发育C型和PC型包裹体,均一温度范围为271～446℃,流体盐度介于5.9%～8.4%NaCleqv之间;中阶段主要发育C、PC、W和S型包裹体,均一温度低于早阶段,为236～374℃,流体盐度介于4.8%～15.0%NaCleqv之间;晚阶段主要发育W型包裹体,均一温度范围为139～264℃,流体盐度介于1.1%～6.9%NaCleqv之间。对成矿压力和深度的估算表明,成矿压力为90～330MPa,成矿深度为9～12km。综上所述,萨热阔布金矿成矿流体具有富CO2、中低盐度的变质流体特征,流体沸腾导致了成矿物质的沉淀。结合矿床地质特征,萨热阔布金矿床属于造山型金矿床。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an