Enrichment characteristics and its geological significance of dispersed elements within sulfide minerals from the VI ore belt in the Maoping Pb-Zn deposit,Yunnan Province,ChinaSCIEI北大核心CSCD

作为华南大面积低温成矿域的重要组成部分,川滇黔铅锌矿集区是我国重要的铅锌银等资源基地之一,同时该矿集区也是Ge、Cd、Ga和In等稀散元素的超常富集区域。毛坪矿床是该矿集区内第二大铅锌矿床,累计探明铅锌金属储量超过3Mt(Pb+Zn平均品位≥18%),锗(Ge)保有储量182t。本文以新发现的Ⅵ矿带(铅锌金属已探明储量≥60万t,Pb+Zn平均品位≥20%)为研究对象,利用LA-ICPMS对主要矿石矿物闪锌矿和黄铁矿进行了微区原位微量元素组成和Mapping分析。研究结果显示Ⅵ矿带闪锌矿普遍富集Ge(最高580×10^(-6),均值81.1×10^(-6))、Cd(最高3486×10^(-6),均值1613×10^(-6))和Ga(最高190×10^(-6),均值44.4×10^(-6));黄铁矿普遍富集Mn、As、Pb、Cu、Ag和Sb。与Ⅰ和Ⅱ号矿带闪锌矿相比,Ⅵ号矿带闪锌矿更富集Ge和Ga。闪锌矿中Fe和Pb以类质同象为主,偶见黄铁矿和方铅矿显微包体;Cu、Ge、Ag和As赋存形式主要为类质同象,替代方式为Ge^(4+)+2(Cu+,Ag+,As+)↔3Zn^(2+);Cd以类质同象方式赋存为主,替代机制为Cd^(2+)↔Zn^(2+);Ga和In可能主要以类质同象方式存在。黄铁矿中Pb和Mn主要以方铅矿和碳酸盐矿物显微包体为主;Cu、As和Sb以类质同象形式存在于黄铁矿中;Ag和Zn可能以独立矿物形式赋存;Co和Ni以类质同象方式替代Fe进入黄铁矿晶格中,替代方式为Ni^(2+)+Co^(2+)↔2Fe^(2+)。毛坪矿床新发现Ⅵ矿带硫化物相比典型MVT矿床硫化物具有不同的In和Ge含量以及Cd/Fe比值,结合矿床地质特征和其他证据,表明毛坪矿床成因类型特殊,有别于经典MVT铅锌矿床,属于川滇黔型铅锌矿床。     

内蒙古浩布高铅锌矿床闪锌矿微量元素特征及其地质意义

内蒙古浩布高铅锌矿床位于大兴安岭南段黄岗-甘珠尔庙成矿带,该带是我国北方重要的铅锌多金属成矿带之一。目前,浩布高矿床闪锌矿微量元素赋存机制尚不清晰,矿床成因类型亦存在一定的争议。本研究采用激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(LA-ICP-MS)原位微量元素分析手段,结合机器学习方法,对浩布高闪锌矿微量元素组成特征、赋存机制以及矿床成因类型进行了探讨。LA-ICP-MS分析结果表明,浩布高矿床中闪锌矿以富集Fe、Mn、Co、Cu、Se、Ag、Cd、In、Sn等元素,贫Ni、Ga、Ge、As、Mo、Sb、Au、Tl、Pb、Bi等元素为特征。其中,Fe、Mn、In等元素主要以类质同象的方式替代Zn赋存于闪锌矿中,Cu、Ag、Sn等元素含量变化范围较大,可能部分以微粒包裹体的形式存在。In与Cu含量具有一定的正相关,推测In在闪锌矿中富集机理可能为Cu⁺+In■³⁺2Zn²⁺。Cd与Fe含量呈一定的正相关性,而与Zn含量呈负相关性,这可能暗示在闪锌矿中Cd主要以类质同象的方式置换Zn元素而非Fe元素。通过穷举闪锌矿微量元素图解发现,...     

滇西阿面根铅锌矿床成因研究——硫、铅同位素和闪锌矿微量元素证据

保山地块南部的芦子园地区是我国西南重要的铁铜铅锌多金属矿集区之一, 阿面根铅锌矿床是该区近年来新发现的铅锌矿床, 但目前研究程度低, 成矿物质来源、矿床成因不明。本文在详细的野外地质调查和显微观察基础上, 通过阿面根矿床的金属硫化物硫同位素、铅同位素探讨矿质来源, 利用闪锌矿微量元素特征判定矿床成因。结果显示, 阿面根矿床硫化物的δ34SV-CDT值(9.44‰~12.16‰)介于壳源花岗岩硫与围岩地层同期海水硫之间, 显示出二者混合特征; 铅主要来自上地壳; 闪锌矿以富集Fe、Mn、Co、Cu、Cd而贫Ga、Ge、As、Sn、Cr、Ni为特征, 其中Fe、Cd、Mn、Co、Ag、Sb、Ga主要以类质同象形式产出, Cu则以类质同象和矿物包裹体的形式同时进入闪锌矿晶格中, 可能存在Zn2+?Fe2+、Zn2+?Cd2+、2Zn2+?Ag++Sb3+等方式的替代关系; 闪锌矿微量元素组成特征与VMS型、MVT型、矽卡岩型和浅成低温热液型矿床中的闪锌矿明显不同, 其Cd/Fe(0.02~0.04, 均值0.03)、Co/Ni(15~1 019, 均值1 275)和Ga/In(0.11~1.10, 均值0.31)比值特征和较低的Ge元素含量均表明闪锌矿形成与岩浆热液关系密切。综上证据, 本文认为阿面根矿床的成矿物质主要来源于深部隐伏中酸性侵入岩, 有少量地层围岩物质加入。结合矿床地质特征, 认为阿面根矿床属于岩浆热液充填交代型铅锌矿床。     

黔西北矿集区凉水沟铅锌矿床硫化物电子探针分析

凉水沟铅锌矿床位于川滇黔铅锌成矿域中东部,为黔西北矿集区内的铅锌矿床之一。本文应用电子探针分析(EPMA)技术测定了凉水沟铅锌矿床中黄铁矿、闪锌矿的微量元素组成。结果表明,该矿床发育2期黄铁矿,黄铁矿-Ⅰ为沉积成因,受后期热液叠加改造作用明显,黄铁矿-Ⅱ为热液成因,二者均富集Pb、Zn、Co、Ni、As和Mo,贫Au、Ag、Sb等微量元素,而闪锌矿则以富集Cu、Fe、Cd、Pb、Ga等微量元素为特征。微量元素Co、Ni、Mo、Pb、As等可能以类质同象或矿物包体的形式赋存于金属硫化物中。硫化物微量元素特征显示其主要形成于中低温的成矿温度环境,具沉积-改造成因的特征。综合矿床地质特征及区域成矿地质背景,本文认为凉水沟铅锌矿床属沉积-改造型铅锌矿床。     

内蒙古二道河子矿床闪锌矿LA-ICP-MS微量元素地球化学特征及成因意义

额尔古纳地块是我国东部重要的铅锌银矿集区之一，本文以该地块中的代表性矿床——二道河子铅锌多金属矿床为例，用激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子质谱仪(LA-ICP-MS)和电子探针测试了该矿床三个世代闪锌矿(sph1、sph2、sph3)的主、微量元素组成，以期揭示闪锌矿中元素的赋存状态和富集规律，制约成矿物理化学条件，并为判定矿床成因提供更多依据。结果表明，闪锌矿相对富集Fe、Mn、Cd和In,亏损Ga、Ni、Ge、Tl和Se等元素；随着成矿作用从早到晚的演化，Fe、Mn含量逐渐降低，Hg含量逐渐升高；与其他两个世代闪锌矿相比，sph2中的Cu、Pb、Bi、Sn和Ag等元素含量相对高，In含量相对低。通过时间分辨率剖面曲线及相关性分析，表明Mn、Cd、In、Hg和Sn等元素主要以类质同象形式进入到闪锌矿中，Pb和Cu多以微小矿物包裹体的形式存在，而Fe和Ag则两种形式均有。闪锌矿的微量元素组成和Zn/Cd、Ga/In值表明早中期闪锌矿形成于中高温、还原环境，至成矿晚期，温度下降，还原性减弱。根据闪锌矿微量元素的特征，并结合前人研究，本文认为二道河子矿床属于与晚期次火山岩(或隐伏侵入岩)有关的浅成热...     

滇西北兰坪盆地李子坪铅锌矿床微量元素地球化学特征

闪锌矿中的稀土元素、微量元素蕴含着与成岩、成矿密切相关的地球化学信息.李子坪铅锌矿床位于兰坪盆地北部,矿体呈脉状、似层状产出于侏罗系花开佐组碎屑岩及碳酸盐岩夹泥质岩组合建造中.微量元素地球化学特征显示,该矿床闪锌矿形成于中低温环境,以富含 Ga、Ge、Ag、Cd、Tl、Ni、Cu 和 As 等微量元素,亏损 Fe、In、Sn、Mn 和 Co 等元素为特征.总体上,该矿床闪锌矿中 Ag、Ga 和 Fe 等微量元素组成明显不同于喷流沉积铅锌矿床(如白牛厂、老厂和大宝山),更不同于夕卡岩型矿床(如核桃坪与鲁子园),而与一般 MVT 型矿床(墨西哥 Tre Marias、云南会泽和贵州牛角塘)和金顶铅锌矿床类似,但 Cd 含量明显低于 MVT 型矿床和云南金顶铅锌矿床,暗示其独特的成矿机制.稀土元素研究显示,闪锌矿与赋矿围岩的REE 分布模式表现出相同的变化趋势,而不同于兰坪盆地富碱岩体,暗示该矿床闪锌矿的 REE 分布模式受围岩地层的影响.     

内蒙古黄岗梁铁锡矿床闪锌矿LA-ICP-MS微量元素组成及其指示意义

黄岗梁铁锡矿床位于大兴安岭中南段晚古生代增生造山带。矿区内闪锌矿产于矽卡岩中,可分为浸染状和层纹状闪锌矿。本文对两种闪锌矿进行了高精度LA-ICP-MS元素含量测试,结果表明矿区两种闪锌矿具有相同成因特征,闪锌矿中Mn、Cu、As、In较富集,Ga、Ge、Cd含量较低,而As、Sn、Bi、Pb含量变化较大。Cu、Sn、Bi、Pb等元素在闪锌矿中以独立矿物赋存,Mn、Fe、Ga、Ge、Cd、In、Sb以类质同像形式赋存在闪锌矿晶格中。In/Ga、In/Ge比值较低,Zn/Cd比值为233~250,指示闪锌矿形成于中高温环境。Cd/Fe、Cd/Mn比值分别小于0.1和0.5,指示闪锌矿成因与岩浆活动有关,In Ge特征图解也指示其矽卡岩成因。通过与国内外典型矿床闪锌矿微量元素特征对比,结合矿床地质特征认为黄岗梁铁锡矿床中闪锌矿属于与燕山期岩浆作用有关的中高温矽卡型闪锌矿。     

闪锌矿与方铅矿的LA-ICPMS微量元素地球化学对江西冷水坑银铅锌矿田的成因制约

冷水坑银铅锌矿田位于江西省贵溪市,是我国重要的银铅锌矿集区。矿田中产有两类特征迥异的矿体,一类为赋存于花岗斑岩体内的细脉浸染状-大脉状矿体,另一类为产于火山碎屑岩夹层中的块状硫化物矿体。然而,目前关于两类矿体的成因及联系还存在争议。本文采用激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱仪对两类矿体中的闪锌矿和方铅矿进行了微区原位成分的测试,试图根据它们的微量元素特征约束矿床的成因问题。分析结果表明,产于细脉浸染状-大脉状矿体中的闪锌矿具有相对较高的Fe、Mn、Pb、Ag、Cu、Sb、Sn和Tl含量,而产于层控块状硫化物矿体中的闪锌矿具有相对略高的Cd含量。两类矿体中方铅矿的微量元素也存在一定差别,前者具有相对较高的Ag、Sb、Sn和Au含量,而后者具有相对较高的Cd、Bi、Se和Tl。通过与国内外不同成因类型铅锌矿床的综合对比,我们发现冷水坑矿田的闪锌矿具有较低的Zn/Cd比(66~131)、Cd/Fe比(0.06~0.31)和Co含量(多数10×10~(-6)),以及相对较高的Sn含量(多数1×10~(-6)),这些特征与火山成因块状硫化物矿床中闪锌矿的特征十分类似,表明它们可能具有类似成因。此外,我们的研究结果表明冷水坑矿田闪锌矿中Fe、Cd、Ag、Sb和Tl等元素主要以类质同象的形式存在,而Cu、Pb和Sn等元素主要以显微包裹体的形式存在。方铅矿中的Ag、Sb、Cd、Sn和Tl等元素以类质同象的形式存在,而Mn、Bi和Se等元素可能以显微包裹体的形式存在。此外,基于闪锌矿-方铅矿共生矿物对的Cd分配系数温度计,获得层控块状硫化物矿体的形成温度为238~246℃,而细脉浸染状-大脉状矿体的形成温度略低,为209~224℃,前者闪锌矿中相对较低的Fe和Mn含量,可能由氧逸度的影响造成。综上所述,我们认为冷水坑矿田两类矿体具有相同的成因机制,成矿流体和成矿物质都主要来自深部岩浆热液,温度、围岩性质及氧逸度是控制两类矿床金属硫化物微量元素差别的重要因素。     

扬子板块北缘马元铅锌矿床闪锌矿LA-ICP-MS微量元素特征与指示意义

马元铅锌矿床是我国近年来在扬子板块北缘探获的大型铅锌矿床,对马元铅锌矿床闪锌矿微量元素进行了高精度的LA-ICP-MS测试研究,结果表明矿床闪锌矿微量元素含量具有低Fe、Mn,高分散元素Cd、Ge、Ga,低分散元素In的特征;闪锌矿Fe、Mn含量和Ga/Ge比值特征指示了矿床成矿流体温度不高,可能为与中低温盆地流体有关的铅锌矿床;闪锌矿中分散元素In、Ge特征能有效的区分铅锌矿床的成因类型:与岩浆或火山活动有关的铅锌矿床闪锌矿具有高In或低In,低Ge的特征,而与盆地卤水有关的中低温矿床中闪锌矿则普遍富Ge贫In。依据马元铅锌矿床微量元素特征,结合矿床地质与地球化学特征,认为马元铅锌矿应属于密西西比河谷型铅锌矿床(MVT铅锌矿床)。     

甘肃花牛山铅锌矿床闪锌矿LA-ICP-MS微量元素组成及其地质意义

天山—北山铅锌成矿带位于中亚造山带、塔里木板块和华北板块的交汇地带,是我国西北地区重要的金属资源产地之一。花牛山铅锌矿是天山—北山地区具典型成因意义的铅锌矿床,矿床成因机制一直存在争议。本文通过LA-ICP-MS对其闪锌矿微量组成进行分析,结果表明：该矿床闪锌矿形成于中—高温环境,以富集Fe、Mn、In、Cd、Cu等元素,贫Ga、Ge、Ni等元素为特征,其中Fe、Mn、In、Cd、Cu以类质同象的形式赋存于闪锌矿中,Ag、Pb以显微包裹体的形式赋存于闪锌矿中;其微量元素组成与岩浆热液为主导的矿床（都龙、黄岗梁、孟恩陶勒盖、赤土店）类似,除此之外,闪锌矿Tl元素质量分数以及Cd/Fe和Cd/Mn值均显示岩浆热液属性,在微量元素判别图中样品也落入岩浆热液区域。野外调研发现,矿体底部未见角砾状和网脉状矿体,矿体均发育在岩性界面及层间破碎带中。结合矿床地质特征、闪锌矿微量元素地球化学特征,认为花牛山铅锌矿床成因类型属于中高温岩浆热液型。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of