基于反射构建O/R Mapper的动态工厂系统

工厂模式提供了创建家族产品或依赖对象的接口,但缺乏在交互过程中处理运行期动态构造对象和装配模块的能力.通过运用反射技术对工厂结构进行扩展,提出了一种新的动态组合工厂模型.模型用于对象/关系映射的动态连接,消除了对映射器创建过程的硬编码,实现了关联对象动态组装的不知觉性,满足了系统可扩展和可维护的设计目标.     

用Dillon方法构造完全bent型S-Box

bent函数是一类具有良好密码特性的编码组合函数,而S-box既可以对块密码的明文也可以在流密码中作为对密钥流的加密装置.将bent的优良性质带入S-box是一个很有意义的研究课题.以前用函数序列半群和置换群来构造bent型S-box.现通过陪集方法得到bent函数组,又利用适当的指标函数来构造S-box,使得其中任意一个部分组的非零线性组合仍然是bent函数,从而保证S-box的输出端具有很高的密码强度.     

空间数据访问集成与分布式空间数据源对象查询

目前,针对空间数据库的访问与处理方法,无法满足分布式环境下异构数据源的服务化存取和面向空间数据源的对象查询处理需求。本文给出了数据网格环境下的分布式空间数据访问与查询的方法和实现,并在服务化查询处理过程中,嵌入符合SQL/MM查询规范的空间拓展函数,实现分布式空间数据对象查询和嵌入查询过程中的空间数据分析处理。在此基础上,给出空间数据对象查询树的构造过程,以及分布式空间查询工作流的执行流程。数据访问与集成策略在空间数据处理上的应用,对异构空间数据源协同处理等,涉及大规模空间数据存取访问的应用需求,有很好的理论和实际应用价值。     

利用Matlab和Visual C++实现卡尔曼滤波的新方法

阐述了Matlab与Visual C++的优缺点,提出了一种利用Matlab和Visual C++实现卡尔曼滤波的新方法.利用Matlab的Add-in插件可快速将M文件集成到C++中,创建独立的C/C++程序.通过实例介绍在Visual C++ 6.0环境下如何实现Matlab与Visual C++的混合编程.     

基于ORDBMS的GIS空间数据管理模式及其应用

从GIS系统中矢量数据与栅格数据优势互补、管理分离这一实际出发,分析了对象关系数据库(ORDB)的特点和适用性,提出了将矢量数据和栅格数据纳入对象关系数据库管理系统(ORDBMS)统一管理的基本模型和具体实现方法,并以湖南省基础地理数据为例,在国产地理信息系统软件ViewGIS中实现。     

基于持久化的网吧管理系统数据库设计和实现

设计了一种健壮持久层体系结构,并运用该结构,根据对象/关系数据库映射（O/R Mapping）策略,设计和实现了基于持久化的网吧管理系统数据库。这种实现数据持久化的方案在C＋＋开发环境下,具有比较重要的应用价值。     

基于自适应混合遗传算法的岩石类材料动态参数反演

将多元函数的下山单纯形法嵌入遗传算法，加强了算法的局部搜索能力，并且将交叉概率、变异概率以及局部搜索概率改进为随遗传个体的适应度值改变和进化代数的增加而调整的自适应型。在此基础上针对岩石类材料的特性，将数值计算值与冲击压缩实验结果之间的相对均方差作为适应度函数，编制了反演分析算法来确定岩石类材料考虑损伤的非线弹性动态本构模型的待定特征参数。结果表明：由动态本构方程得到的再生应力一应变曲线与实验曲线之间具有较好的一致性，从而验证了该反演分析方法是合理可行的以及动态本构模型对于岩石类材料的适用性。     

基于PPDC模型的中国生态环境质量区划

投影寻踪聚类(PPC)模型在多因素聚类分析中被广泛应用并取得了满意的效果,然而,模型还存在诸如密度窗宽参数取值经验确定等不足,有待改进提高.针对投影寻踪聚类模型存在的问题,首次把投影寻踪聚类的思想和动态聚类方法结合起来构造投影指标,建立了投影寻踪动态聚类(PPDC)新模型,新模型在整个运算过程中毋需人为给定参数,具有聚类结果客观、明确以及稳定性好、操作简便等特点.应用投影寻踪动态聚类模型对中国生态环境质量进行评价,获得了有切实意义的区划结果.此研究为生态环境质量评价开创了一条新途径,也进一步为生态保护、建设和监督管理提供科学依据和技术支持.     

MapGIS二次开发在绘制地震震中分布图中的应用

MapGIS制图功能强大,但在绘制地震构造图过程中添加地震震中位置点时却极为繁琐.为此提出一种把记录地震信息的文本文件转换成MapGIS明码文件再生成图形文件,并通过属性连接达到动态标注的方法.按上述方法,以Microsoft VC 6.0为工具,二次开发MapGIS,实现了快速准确绘制地震震中分布图.     

“全空间信息建模分析方法与应用研究”专栏导言

全空间数字世界是在计算机系统中由描述现实/虚拟世界各种实体与要素的时空对象数据所构成的综合数据体,是一种对从宏观到微观的现实/虚拟世界的对象化数据描述.传统GIS对地理空间数据的分块与分层管理方法,无法满足全空间数字世界中复杂、动态、关联的时空对象组织与管理的需要,因此,本文研究提出了一种基于时空域的全空间时空对象组织与管理方法.在分析了全空间数字世界的概念、内容和特点的基础上,提出了时空域的基本概念,明确了时空域的数据组织方式和本质特性;建立了面向时空域的子时空域、时空对象类、对象关系类和时空域时空对象生命周期序列的时空对象数据组织体系和管理方法,并进行了时空域数据的存储与管理实验,验证了基于时空域的全空间时空对象组织与管理方式在管理全空间数字世界中的实用性和可行性,为后续示范应用场景中时空对象的生成与处理、检查与校验、可视化与输出提供底层支撑.     

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复杂观测环境下GNSS信号分类及精度评估

基于高度角、信噪比和伪距残差3个指标,采用K均值(Kmeans⁺⁺)、迭代自组织数据分析法(ISODATA)和基于密度带有噪声的空间分类法(DBSCAN)对复杂城市观测环境下的GNSS数据进行分类,并采用伪距单点定位模型(SPP)评估不同算法的分类精度。结果表明,Kmeans⁺⁺算法分类精度最优,在E、N、U 3个方向上的定位精度分别达2.56 m、3.25 m、9.73 m;相较于未采用Kmeans⁺⁺算法的定位精度分别提升57.86%、47.64%、60.98%。为进一步验证算法性能,将Kmeans⁺⁺算法与信噪比、高度角阈值法进行精度对比,结果表明,Kmeans⁺⁺算法的平面和三维定位精度均有显著改善,分别提升24.87%、39.07%（信噪比阈值法）和41.36%、59.91%（高度角阈值法）。     

Seasonal Variations in Phytoplankton Community Structure in the Sanggou,Ailian, and Lidao Bays

The seasonal variations in phytoplankton community structure were investigated for the Sanggou Bay （SGB） and the adjacent Ailian Bay （ALB） and Lidao Bay （LDB） in Shandong Peninsula,eastern China.The species composition and cell abundance of phytoplankton in the bay waters in spring （April 2011）,summer （August 2011）,autumn （October 2011）,and winter （January 2012） were examined using the Uterm6hl method.A total of 80 taxa of phytoplankton that belong to 39 genera of 3 phyla were identified.These included 64 species of 30 genera in the Phylum Bacillariophyta,13 species of 8 genera in the Phylum Dinophyta,and 3 species of 1 genus in the Phylum Chrysophyta.During the four seasons,the number of phytoplankton species （43） was the highest in spring,followed by summer and autumn （40）,and the lowest number ofphytoplankton species （35） was found in winter.Diatoms,especially Paralia sulcata （Ehrenberg） Cleve and Coscinodiscus oculus-iridis Ehrenberg,were predominant in the phytoplankton community throughout the study period,whereas the dominance of dinoflagellate appeared in summer only.The maximum cell abundance of phytoplankton was detected in summer （average 8.08 × 103 cells L-1） whereas their minimum abundance was found in autumn （average 2.60 x 103 cellsL-1）.The phytoplankton abundance was generally higher in the outer bay than in the inner bay in spring and autumn.In summer,the phytoplankton cells were mainly concentrated in the south of inner SGB,with peak abundance observed along the western coast.In winter,the distribution of phytoplankton cells showed 3 patches,with peak abundance along the western coast as well.On seasonal average,the Shannon-Wiener diversity indices of phytoplankton community ranged from 1.17 to 1.78 （autumn 〉 summer 〉 spring 〉 winter）,and the Pielou＇s evenness indices of phytoplankton ranged from 0.45 to 0.65 （autumn 〉 spring 〉 summer〉 winter）.According to the results of canonical correspondence analysis,phosphate level w     

Seasonal Changes in Phytoplankton Biomass and Dominant Species in the Changjiang River Estuary and Adjacent Seas：General Trends Based on Field Survey Data 1959-2009

The characteristics of seasonal variation in phytoplankton biomass and dominant species in the Changjiang River Estuary and adjacent seas were discussed based on field investigation data from 1959 to 2009. The field data from 1981 to 2004 showed that the Chlorophyll-a concentration in surface seawater was between 0.4 and 8.5 ktg dm-3. The seasonal changes generally presented a bimodal trend, with the biomass peaks occurring in May and August, and Chlorophyll-a concentration was the lowest in winter. Seasonal biomass changes were mainly controlled by temperature and nutrient levels. From the end of autumn to the next early spring, phytoplankton biomass was mainly influenced by temperature, and in other seasons, nutrient level （including the nutrient supply from the terrestrial runoffs） was the major influence factor. Field investigation data from 1959 to 2009 demonstrated that dia- toms were the main phytoplankton in this area, and Skeletonerna costatum, Pseudo-nitzschia pungens, Coscinodiscus oculus-iridis, Thalassinoema nitzschioides, Paralia sulcata, Chaetoceros lorenzianus, Chaetoceros curvisetus, and Prorocentrum donghaiense Lu were common dominant species. The seasonal variations in major dominant phytoplankton species presented the following trends： 1） Skeletonema （mainly S. costatum） was dominant throughout the year; and 2） seasonal succession trends were Coscinodiscus （spring） →Chaetoceros （summer and autumn） → Coscinodiscus （winter）. The annual dominance of S. costatum was attributed to its environmental eurytopicity and long standing time in surface waters. The seasonal succession of Coscinodiscus and Chaetoceros was associated with the seasonal variation in water stability and nutrient level in this area. On the other hand, long-term field data also indicated obvious interannual variation of phytoplankton biomass and community structure in the Changjiang River Estuary and adjacent seas： average annual phytoplankton biomass and dinoflagellate proportion both presented inc     

Optimized One-Step Preparation of a Bioactive Natural Product,Guaiazulene-2,9-dione

We previously isolated a natural product, namely guaiazulene-2,9-dione showing strong antibacterial activity against Vibrio anguillarum, from a gorgonian Muriceides collaris collected in South China Sea. In this experiment, guaiazulene-2,9-dione was quantitatively synthesized with an optimized one-step bromine oxidation method using guaiazulene as the raw material. The key reaction condition including reaction time and temperature, drop rate of bromine, concentration of aqueous THF solution, respective molar ratio of guaiazulene to bromine and acetic acid, and concentration of guaiazulene in aqueous THF solution, were investigated individually at five levels each for optimization. Combined with the verification test to show the absolute yield of each optimization step, the final optimal condition was determined as： when a solution of 0.025mmol mL-1 guaiazulene in 80% aqueous THF was treated with four volumes of bromine at a drop rate of 0.1 mL min 1 and four volumes of acetic acid at -5℃ for three hours, the yield of guaiazulene-2,9-dione was 23.72%. This was the first report concerning optimized one-step synthesis to provide a convenient method for the large preparation of guaiazulene-2,9-dione.     

Effects of Pseudoalteromonas sp.BC228 on Digestive Enzyme Activity and Immune Response of Juvenile Sea Cucumber （Apostichopus japonicus）

A marine bacterium,Pseudoalteromonas sp.BC228 was supplemented to feed in a feeding experiment aiming to determine its ability of enhancing the digestive enzyme activity and immune response of juvenile Apostichopusjaponicus.Sea cucumber individuals were fed with the diets containing 0 （control）,105,107 and 109 CFU g-1 diet of BC228 for 45 days.Results showed that intestinal trypsin and lipase activities were significantly enhanced by 107 and 109 CFU g-1 diet of BC228 in comparison with control （P〈0.01）.The phagocytic activity in the coelomocytes of sea cucumber fed the diet supplemented with 107 CFUg-1 diet of BC228 was significantly higher than that of those fed control diet （P〈0.05）.In addition,105 and 107 CFUg-1 diet of BC228 significantly enhanced lysozyme and phenoloxidase activities in the coelomic fluid of sea cucumber,respectively,in comparison with other diets （P 〈 0.01）.Sea cucumbers,10 each diet,were challenged with Vibrio splendidus NB 13 after 45 days of feeding.It was found that the cumulative incidence and mortality of sea cucumber fed with BC228 containing diets were lower than those of animals fed control diet.Our findings evidenced that BC228 supplemented in diets improved the digestive enzyme activity of juvenile sea cucumber,stimulated its immune response and enhanced its resistance to the infection of V.splendidus.     

Ultrastructure Developments During Spermiogenesis in Polydora ciliata （Annelida： Spionidae）,a Parasite of Mollusca

Spionid worms of Polydora ciliata inhabit the shells of many commercially important bivalves and cause disease in molluscan aquaculture. Their sperm structure is closely related to their fertilization method. To give an insight into the sperm structure and spermatogenesis, ultrastructure details of the subcellular components of germ cells during spermiogenesis of Polydora ciliata are detected by transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. In P. ciliata, during spermiogenesis, chromatin is regularly arranged as dense fibrils and becomes more condensed when the nucleus elongates. Microtubules do not surround the nucleus during its elon- gation. The Golgi phase is characterized by the formation of proacrosomal granules within the Golgi apparatus. The proacrosomal granules fuse to form a single, spherical acrosomal vesicle that migrates to the anterior pole of the cell. At the time of nuclear con- densation, mitochondria become reduced in number but increased in size, causing deep indentation at the base of the nucleus. The mid-piece has a few mitochondria. The cap phase includes the spreading of the acrosomal granule over the surface of the nucleus of the differentiating spermatid. The acrosomal phase of spermiogenesis is typically associated with changes in the shape of the nucleus, acrosome and tail. The relationship of sperm ultrastructure to spermiogenesis in spionidae species was discussed.     

卫星图像边缘与纹理特征提取

在卫星遥感图像的分析中,提取图像的边缘和纹理特征,对于识别图像的类型,从而完成对目标物体的分析十分重要.根据欧空局提供的Envisat 卫星的共享数据,通过C 程序设计转换成dat数据格式并在Matlab环境中显示.依据卫星遥感图像的特点,讨论了几种图像边缘检测和纹理特征提取的方法,如微分算子、模糊C均值聚类、灰度共生矩阵等,通过分析、比较、判断,应用图像实例验证说明了上述分析方法的有效性与特点.