辽河拗陷东部凹陷南部地区古近系沉积体系与储层评价

Detailed studies on a number of core sections,well logs and seismic date of the paleogene systems of the southern part of eastem sag in Liaohe Depression revealed theat six sedimentary systems,i,e.delta,lake,fan delta,braided river,delta,river and alluvial fan,were distinguished,The sedimentation in the studied area remarkably controlled reservoir and the variability of sedimentary facied caused the diversity of reservior sand bldies and the inhomogeneity of reservoir properties plane distribution;The best reservoir properties are the sand bodies of deltaic front and braided-river deltaic front;the better are the sand bodies of braided-river deltaic plain,deltaic front,braided river and meandering river;the medium reservoir properties are the sand bodies of delta plain,the fan-delta front,the alluvial-middle fan,beach-bar and turbidite fan;the wores are the sand bodies of upper fan and lower fan of alluvial fan,alluvial plain.The favorable sedimentary facies belt controlled the distribution of favorable reservoir and it was an important evidence for prediction favorable stratigraphiv reservoir.     

辽东湾地区锦州25—1油田油气成藏特点和运聚模拟研究

在对构造演化、成藏要素、油源对比、成藏期次分析的基础上,结合Trinity油气运移成藏模拟分析软件对锦州25—1油田的油气运聚模拟研究,分析了形成锦州25—1油田的成藏主控因素,建立了其成藏模式,指出了该地区有利勘探方向。模拟分析结果表明,锦州25—1构造是辽西凹陷沙三段烃源岩生成油气运聚的有利指向区,而优良成藏要素的优势时空配置则是形成锦州25—1油田的关键因素。其成藏模式为：辽西凹陷沙三段烃源岩在东下段时期进入了大量生排烃期,生成的油气为一期充注,充注时间发生在东营组末期,沿东下段时期强烈构造运动伴生的断裂系统、沙二段广泛发育的砂体、沙二段与沙三段之间大型不整合面以及古构造脊所构成的疏导体系运移至沙二段圈闭成藏,而沙三段砂体则可以近源优势成藏。辽西凹陷西斜坡、凹中隆以及古构造脊是今后较为有利的勘探区域。     

松辽盆地登娄库—永安地区油气成藏模式研究

在已了解的松辽盆地登娄库—永安地区构造和沉积演化特点的基础上,利用现有钻井的岩心资料、测井资料和地震资料,对该地区的成藏模式特征从运移方式和生储盖空间组合两个方面上进行了研究和分类,分析了各自形成的主控因素.研究表明,该区域地层具有断坳双层结构,按油气运移类型划分,在断陷期主要发育两种油气成藏模式,分别为原生油气成藏模式和次生油气成藏模式;在坳陷期主要发育次生油气成藏模式和混生油气藏.从储层与烃源岩的空间组合上来看,区域内主要发育有上生下储、下生上储和自生自储这三种油气成藏模式.形成这些不同成藏模式的主要因素是该区深至基底的大型断裂构造和继承性断裂、反转构造以及固有沉积环境等.     

济阳坳陷陡坡带构造特征--以东营凹陷北坡为例

济阳坳陷为一典型北陡南缓的箕状断陷盆地,其各凹陷北部的强断裂活动造成北断南超、北陡南缓的构造格局。以东营凹陷北坡为例,盆倾断裂发育,切割潜山顶面呈阶梯状,断裂旁侧沉积较厚,常发育褶皱构造。断裂上升盘遭剥蚀,下降盘发育一系列扇体,为油气聚集的有利场所。     

渤海海域庙西北洼反转构造特征及其对油气成藏控制作用

在对渤海东部海域区域构造背景分析基础上,对庙西凹陷北洼反转构造的几何学特征、反转期次、形成机制进行详尽分析,并由此探讨了反转构造对油气成藏的控制作用。庙西北洼整体上表现出明显＂顶隆、中平、下凹＂的三元结构特征,至今可能发生至少两期的构造反转,对该区的油气的生成、运移、聚集和保存带来了积极的影响,同时也带来一定的制约因素。通过综合分析,该区在新近系具有较大的勘探潜力。     

莱州湾凹陷东部新生代走滑构造特征及油气勘探意义

莱州湾凹陷位于渤海南部海域,为中生界基底之上发育的新生代半地堑.郯庐断裂带分东西两支穿过莱州湾凹陷东部,在新生代盖层中表现出渤海最复杂最典型的为NNE向的右旋走滑断裂特征.其中东支断裂在渐新世以后活动强烈,发育多条NNE向走滑断层及NE向伴生断层组成的复杂断裂带.走滑断裂带内断层展布符合右旋单剪作用下的脆性走滑剪切模式,地震方差切片存在右旋运动拖拽断裂证据.通过对主断裂活动期次分析表明,研究区主要有三期大的构造活动,同时形成了三期构造反转.应力分布的局域性导致了形变特征的差异性,产生了褶皱、挤压反转、掀斜断块、花状构造等典型的构造类型.研究区首次利用三维地震资料对本区构造特征进行了分析,研究认为走滑活动形成了良好的构造背景、优越的油源及运移等成藏条件,具有较大的油气勘探潜力.     

LS凹陷岩性油气藏勘探实践

LS凹陷是一个东断西超的断陷盆地,古新统MYF组低位沉积时期,西斜坡上形成了“沟＋坡＋扇”沉积格局,岩性圈闭发育其中。从岩性圈闭沉积背景出发,综合应用高分辨率层序地层学、沉积相分析、储层预测和描述等关键技术,发现了一组有利油气聚集的低位扇,揭示了一个具有相同沉积背景、相同成藏机理的勘探领域。     

东海盆地X凹陷Y气田的天然气成因、成藏模式及勘探意义

本文旨在厘清东海盆地X凹陷Y气田天然气成因,建立成藏模式,以指导下步勘探部署。本文从天然气组分、烷烃气碳同位素、轻烃、凝析油生物标志化合物等分析入手,系统研究了油气成因类型及来源,并结合构造演化史、生烃史分析,建立了Y气田成藏模式,提出了大中型气田的勘探方向。主要认识如下:（1）天然气组分碳同位素、轻烃和埋藏史分析表明,Y气田天然气为凹中始新统平湖组烃源岩在龙井运动期（距今13 Ma）生成的高成熟煤型气;（2）凝析油姥鲛烷/植烷、规则甾烷等特征,反映了凹中区平湖组烃源岩发育于弱氧化?弱还原潮坪、潟湖沉积环境,生烃母质中存在一定数量的低等水生生物;（3）Y气田具有“凹中区平湖组烃源岩、花港组大型水道砂储集体、挤压构造作用”时空耦合的成藏模式,明确了凹中挤压背斜带是X凹陷大中型气田勘探的主攻方向。     

长岭坳陷腰英台油田青山口组油气成藏主控因素分析

腰英台油田区是松辽盆地南部近几年发现的具有超亿吨级储量规模的大型含油气区。结合勘探实践对腰英台地区青山口组油气成藏条件分析表明,油气成藏的主控因素包括烃源、储层和输导三个方面。油气成藏主要围绕乾安次凹生烃中心,烃源岩控制油藏的聚集与分布;断裂一方面作为输导体系,另一方面控制着不同类型油藏的平面分布;沉积微相控制砂体的平面分布以及砂体的储集物性。最终指出了近源带、断裂带、砂体发育带三者叠置区是下步勘探的有利方向。     

陡坡带油气藏构造特征与油气聚集规律——以渤海油田旅大6构造为例

旅大6构造是渤海海域新近发现的一个中型油田.该构造位于辽东低凸起中南段陡坡带,为层状构造油气藏,垂向上多层系含油,形成典型的“阶梯式”陡坡带复式油气藏.走滑作用对构造形成、储层发育、断层封堵、油气运移都有重要的作用.构造转折端对沉积卸载形成优质储层具有重要作用,奠定了旅大6构造是辽东低凸起中南段有利成藏区的物质基础;辽中一号断层与区域走滑断层同向,具有走滑压扭性质是控圈断层侧封的关键.南北区块以及东二下段、东三段油气丰度迥异,伸展断层的运移能力和控圈断层的封堵能力共同决定了旅大6构造南区东二下段油气的差异富集成藏.     

Lithofacies and origin of the Late Triassic muddy gravity-flow deposits in the Ordos Basin,central China

Fine-grained sediments from the Late Triassic Yanchang Fm. in the Ordos Basin (central China) were studied by core analysis and geophysical logging. Part of the mudstones in this formation are stratified, part of them are unstratified; the various mudstones can be subdivided into eight types on the basis of their structures and textures. They represent a variety of environments, ranging from delta fronts and subaqueous fans to deep-water environments. Part of the sediments were reworked and became eventually deposited from subaqueous gravity flows, such as mud flows, turbidity currents and hyperpycnal flows that easily developed on the clay-rich deltaic slopes. The sediments deposited by such gravity flows show abundant soft-sediment deformation structures. Understanding of such structures and recognition of fine-grained sediments as gravity-flow deposits is significant for the exploration of potential hydrocarbon occurrences. Because fine-grained deposits become increasingly important for hydrocarbon exploration, and because the sediments in the lacustrine Yanchang Formation were deposited by exactly the same processes that play a role in the accumulation of deltaic and prodeltaic fine-grained sediments, the sedimentological analysis provided here is not only important for the understanding of deep lacustrine sediments like the Yanchang Formation, but also for a better insight into the accumulation of fine-grained prodeltaic deep-marine sediments and their potential as hydrocarbon source rocks and reservoir rocks.     

川西坳陷中段沙溪庙组天然气成藏条件分析

探讨川西坳陷中段沙溪庙组天然气成藏地质条件,为油气勘探提供理论依据。从油气的烃源条件、储集条件、保存条件及成藏组合方面入手,结合构造史以及岩心、地震及钻井等资料进行分析,结果表明川西坳陷中段处于生烃坳陷中心地带,烃源岩丰富,具备生烃能力。晚三叠世中、晚期发育冲积扇—河流沉积相带,储集条件良好,后期构造运动使断层裂缝系统较发育,有利于储集条件改善和油气富集。其上有压力封存箱和巨厚的砂泥岩互层,保存条件良好。川西坳陷中段新场—盐亭地区近EW向古隆起及龙门山前缘扩展变形带中的鸭子河—石板滩地区是油气勘探的有利地带。     

东海陆架盆地海礁凸起的油气潜力分析

根据对海礁凸起地区的地质、地球物理和地球化学资料的分析，将海礁凸起划分为性质截然不同的南、北两个部分，推测南部海礁凸起尤其是东南翼具有较好的油气潜力。因为南部海礁凸起紧邻主要生油凹陷（即西湖凹陷）；储集性能较好的渐新统花港组可能在凸起的东南翼分布较厚；NWW向的深部断裂为南部海礁凸地区的断块圈闭、潜山和披覆构造的形成提供了条件，同时也起着油气运移通道的作用。从地化异常指标来看，该区油气运移的方向也是从SE向到NW向。因此，加大对南部海礁凸起的勘探力度，并重视南部凸起区可能具有的油气潜力，将有可能发现类似于流花11－1、崖城13－1和绥中36－1的大型油气田。     

饶阳凹陷潜山油气分布特征及富集规律

饶阳凹陷是冀中坳陷潜山油气勘探的重点地区之一。综合应用现代油气成藏、地球物理、地球化学等理论和方法,对饶阳凹陷潜山油气成藏的地质条件进行了分析。结果表明,该区带油源丰富,储集条件好,发育多套有效的储盖组合,各成藏要素时空配置良好,具有形成大规模油气田的有利条件。根据已发现油气藏构造特征、成藏条件及油藏类型得出,研究区油气藏集中分布于潜山顶、潜山坡及潜山内幕。在此基础上,提出了潜山油气藏多分布于近源的断裂带附近,水动力承压区、深凹陷、古隆起的叠置区,断棱、峰顶、内幕高点等位置的油气富集规律。     

Hydrocarbon Potential of Pre-cenozoic Strata in the North Yellow Sea Basin

The North Yellow Sea Basin ( NYSB ), which was developed on the basement of North China (Huabei) continental block, is a typical continental Mesozoic Cenozoic sedimentary basin in the sea area. Its Mesozoic basin is a residual basin, below which there is probably a larger Paleozoic sedimentary basin. The North Yellow Sea Basin comprises four sags and three uplifts. Of them, the eastern sag is a Mesozoic Cenozoic sedimentary sag in NYSB and has the biggest sediment thickness; the current Korean drilling wells are concentrated in the eastern sag. This sag is comparatively rich in oil and gas resources and thus has a relatively good petroleum prospect in the sea. The central sag has also accommodated thick Mesozoic-Cenozoic sediments. The latest research results show that there are three series of hydrocarbon source rocks in the North Yellow Sea Basin, namely, black shales of the Paleogene, Jurassic and Cretaceous. The principal hydrocarbon source rocks in NYSB are the Mesozoic black shale. According to the drilling data of Korea, the black shales of the Paleogene, Jurassic and Cretaceous have all come up to the standards of good and mature source rocks. The NYSB owns an intact system of oil generation, reservoir and capping rocks that can help hydrocarbon to form in the basin and thus it has the great potential of oil and gas. The vertical distribution of the hydrocarbon resources is mainly considered to be in the Cretaceous and then in the Jurassic.     

珠三坳陷阳江凹陷构造特征及其对油气成藏的影响

在对研究区地震资料精细解释的基础上,对原阳江凹陷及其南缘低凸起重新进行了构造单元划分。阳江低凸起北支将原阳江凹陷分隔为阳江东、西两个凹陷,阳江东凹陷可以进一步分为东1洼和东2洼。阳江北断裂是阳江东、西两个凹陷主要的控凹断裂,根据断裂走向拐点和阳江东、西凹陷的分界可以把阳江北断裂划分为3段,分别是西段、中段和东段,西段控制阳江西凹陷,中段控制东1洼,东段控制东2洼。断裂各段活动规律不同,其中断裂中段控制的东1洼的主要活动期在晚始新世和早渐新世,控制文昌组和恩平组的湖相沉积,勘探潜力最好。继承、叠加发育的伸展构造样式是阳江东、西两凹陷的主要构造样式,断层型圈闭和披覆背斜型圈闭是该地区发育的主要圈闭类型。勘探实践表明,垂向运移和近源成藏是阳江东、西两凹陷主要的成藏规律。     

Hydrocarbon accumulation model for Neogene traps in the Chengdao area,Bohai Bay Basin,China

Chengdao is an offshore area in the Bohai Bay Basin that contains approximately 25.7 × 10⁸ bbl of oil and gas reserves within the sandstone reservoirs in Neogene strata. However, previous predictions of hydrocarbon accumulation in Neogene traps are inaccurate, resulting in a current failure rate of 50% when drilling for hydrocarbons in this area. To build an improved exploration model for Neogene traps, we select 92 traps from Neogene strata in the Chengdao area to quantify the filling degree, which is an indicator of hydrocarbon accumulation efficiency. The quantified filling degree is based on actual geological and exploration data and differs significantly among various trap types. The filling degree of traps also varies significantly with their structural locations and decreases generally from the northwest to the southeast along the Chengbei Fault zone. Vertically, the filling degree is highly heterogeneous, initially increasing from the bottom to the middle of Neogene strata and then decreasing towards the top of the strata. These Neogene hydrocarbon reservoirs are sourced from the Paleogene, and as they lay vertically away from the source rocks, their hydrocarbon enrichment is constrained largely by hydrocarbon migration distance and vertical migration pathways. The sealing capacity of faults and cap rocks, sandbody orientation and reservoir sedimentary facies determine the maximum column height, which in turn affects the amount of hydrocarbon accumulation within these traps. A scatter plot analysis of individual controls and volumetric filling for each trap type is compiled using multivariate linear regression analysis to quantify controls and the dominant control of hydrocarbon accumulation is determined.     

陡坡带砂砾岩体储集特征研究——以车镇凹陷北带为例

箕状断陷盆地陡坡带发育有大规模的砂砾岩体,紧邻生油洼陷,是油气运移的主要指向,蕴藏着巨大的勘探潜力。由于砂砾岩体多属于近源快速堆积的产物,成岩作用强烈,储集物性普遍偏差,多数探井因此而失利,因此,分析砂砾岩体储层的成因机理,寻找有利的储集相带,对勘探有着至关重要的影响。本文以车镇凹陷北带砂砾岩体为例,通过分析化验与地质分析相结合的方法,表明次生孔隙与裂缝是主要储集空间类型,主要受到有机酸的溶蚀作用与异常高压的影响;通过对沉积作用的分析,明确了各类扇体的有利储集相带,指出了下一步的勘探方向。     

Marine hydrocarbon source rocks of the Upper Permian Longtan Formation and their contribution to gas accumulation in the northeastern Sichuan Basin,southwest China

Identification of the main hydrocarbon source rocks of the large Puguang gas field (northeastern Sichuan Basin, southwest China) has been the subject of much discussion in recent years. A key aspect has been the lack of a comprehensive understanding of the development of hydrocarbon source rocks of the Upper Permian Longtan Formation, which had been thought to contain mainly coal seams and thick carbonate layers. In this paper, based on geological data from more than ten wells and outcrops and their related mineralogy and geochemistry, we investigated the depositional environment and main factors controlling organic matter enrichment in the Longtan Formation. We propose a model which combines information on the geological environment and biological changes over time. In the model, organic matter from prolific phytoplankton blooms was deposited in quiescent platform interior sags with rising sea-levels. During the Longtan period, the area from Bazhong to Dazhou was a platform interior sag with relatively deep water and a closed environment, which was controlled by multiple factors including syngenetic fault settling, isolation of submarine uplifts and rising sea-levels leading to water column stratification. Although the bottom water was anoxic, the phytoplankton were able to bloom in the well-lit upper euphotic zone thus giving rise to a set of sapropelic black shales and marlstones containing mostly algal organic matter with minor terrestrial contributions. As a consequence, these rocks have a high hydrocarbon generation potentials and can be classified as high-quality source rocks. The area from Bazhong to Dazhou is a center of hydrocarbon generation, being the main source of reservoired paleo-oils and presently discovered as pyrobitumen in the Puguang gas field. The identification of these source rocks is very important to guide future petroleum exploration in the northeastern Sichuan Basin.