1994／1995 ENSO事件及1996年热带太平洋海洋和大气状况的诊断与预测

本文主要根据美国ＮＯＡＡ等单位出版的“Ｃｌｉｍａｔｅ Ｄｉａｇｎｏｓｔｉｃｓ Ｂｕｌｌｅｔｉｎ”资料，对最近刚结束的１９９４／１９９５ＥＮＳＯ事件以及１９９６年现状和发展趋势作一分析和描述，结果指出，１９９４／１９９５ＥＮＳ事件是１９８８／１９８９反厄尔尼诺结束以来发生的第３次ＥＮＳＯ事件，随着这次事件的结束，日更线附近以东至南美沿岸，结束了持续５ａ多的暖期，这在过去百多年中是空前的，而开始进入冷     

ACTA OCEANOLOGICA SINICA

ＡＣＴＡＯＣＥＡＮＯＬＯＧＩＣＡＳＩＮＩＣＡ￥／／ＥｄｉｔｅｄｂｙｔｈｅＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＳｏｃｉｅｔｙｏｆＯｃｅａｎｏｇｒａｐｈｙＡｃｔａＯｃｅａｎｏｌｏｇｉｃａＳｉｎｉｃａｉｓａｃｏｍｐｒｅｈｅｎｓｉｖｅａｃａｄｅｍｉｃｊｏＵｒｎａｌｅｄｉｆｅｄｂｙ...     

EDITORIAL COMMITTEE

ＥＤＩＴＯＲＩＡＬＣＯＭＭＩＴＴＥＥ￥／／ＡｄｖｉｓｅｒｓＣｈｅｎ￣ｎ（ＣｈｅｎＫ￣ｃｈｅｎｒｅＭ￥）ＴａＤＳｈｉｐｏｎ（Ｎ＃ｇ）ｆｂｉＡｎｂｏｎｓ（ｔ￥＃）ｗａｎｇ￣ｏ（ｗａｎｇＴｅ－ｃｉａＥ￥Ｂ）ＬｉｎＢｉｄｄｅｎ（ＬｉｎＰｉｎｇ－ｎａｍ＃＊Ｗ）...     

Indication of currents and water masses by pelagic Ostracode in East China Sea

ＩｎｄｉｃａｔｉｏｎｏｆｃｕｒｒｅｎｔｓａｎｄｗａｔｅｒｍａｓｓｅｓｂｙｐｅｌａｇｉｃＯｓｔｒａｃｏｄｅｉｎＥａｓｔＣｈｉｎａＳｅａＭＡＴＥＲＩＡＬＳＡＮＤＭＥＴＨＯＤＳＴｈｉｓｐａｐｅｒｉｓｂａｓｅｄｏｎａｃｏｍｐｒｅｈｅｎｓｉｖｅｓｔｕｄｙｏｎｔ...     

Transgressions of Late Cretaceous to Early Tertiary in Eastern China

ＴＲＡＮＳＧＲＥＳＳＩＯＮＳＯＦＬＡＴＥＣＲＥＴＡＣＥＯＵＳＴＯＥＡＲＬＹＴＥＲＴＩＡＲＹＩＮＥＡＳＴＥＲＮＣＨＩＮＡＱｉｕＳｏｎｇｙｕ，ＬｕＢｉｎｇｌｉ，ＣｈｅｎＹｏｎｇｃｈｅｎｇ（ＪｉｌｉｎＨｅａｄｑｕａｒｔｅｒｓＯｆＰｅｔｒｏｌｅｕｍＰｒｏｓｐ...     

APPENDLX AInertial stability analysis GOVERNING EQUATIONS AND ANALYTICAL SOLUTION

ＡＰＰＥＮＤＬＸＡＩｎｅｒｔｉａｌｓｔａｂｉｌｉｔｙａｎａｌｙｓｉｓＧＯＶＥＲＮＩＮＧＥＱＵＡＴＩＯＮＳＡＮＤＡＮＡＬＹＴＩＣＡＬＳＯＬＵＴＩＯＮＴｏｆｏｃｕｓｏｎｆｉｎｉｔｅｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｃｅｓｃｈｅｍｅｓｏｆｔｈｅＣｏｒｉｏｌｉｓｔｅｒｍｓ，ｗ...     

关于最近十年测波浮标试验的若干情况

本文是挪威ＯＣＥＡＮＯＲ公司１９９５年５月２日编写的《ＳＥＡＷＡＴＣＨ气象／海洋资料浮标》（ＴｈｅＳＥＡＷＡＴＣＨＭｅｔｏｃｅａｎＤａｔａＢｕｏｙ）中的两节。文章详细介绍了最近十年国外测波浮标试验的若干情况，对我国测波浮标的研制和使用有所启发。现译出，供参考。文章标题系译者所加。     

利玛原甲藻腹泻性毒素的生物学测定

１９９４年和１９９５年分季度从海南省三亚海区采集附生于褐藻上的利玛原甲藻Ｐｒｏｒｏｃｅｎｔｒｕｍｌｉｍａ（Ｅｈｒｅｎｂｅｒｇ）Ｄｏｄｇｅ，经丙酮提取。提取液用ｐＨ＝３的水除去麻痹性贝毒（ＰＳＰ），取残留液注入小白鼠（ＢａＢ／Ｃ纯系），有腹泻性贝毒（ＤｉａｒｒｈｅｔｉｃＳｈｅｌｌｆｉｓｈＰｏｉｓｏｎｉｎｇ即ＤＳＰ）中毒的症状出现。初步确定此种藻中提取的毒素为ＤＳＰ。     

全国海洋地质科技工作会议在京举行

全国海洋地质科技工作会议在京举行ＴＨＥＮＡＴＩＯＮＡＬＣＯＮＦＥＲＥＮＣＥＯＮＳＣＩＥＮＴＩＦＩＣＡＮＤＴＥＣＨＮＯＬＯＧＩＣＡＬＲＥＳＥＡＲＣＨＯＦＭＡＲＩＮＥＧＥＯＬＯＧＹＷＡＳＨＥＬＤＩＮＢＥＩＪＩＮＧ地矿部首次组织的“全国海洋地质科技工作会议...     

中国科学院院士业治铮教授简介

中国科学院院士业治铮教授简介ＢＲＩＥＦＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＯＦＰＲＯＦ．ＹＥＺＨＩＺＨＥＮＧ，ＡＮＡＣＡＤＥＭＩＣＩＡＮＯＦＡＣＡＤＥＭＩＡＳＩＮＩＣＡ业治铮教授是我国著名的沉积学家，我国海洋地质科学的奠基人之一，中国科学院院士。现任中国海洋地质...     

Vertical structure of low-frequency currents in the southwestern East Sea (Sea of Japan)

The vertical structure of low-frequency flows in the central Ulleung Interplain Gap of the southwestern East Sea (Sea of Japan) is analyzed based on full-depth current measurement during November 2002–April 2004. Record-length mean flows are directed toward the Ulleung Basin (Tsushima Basin) throughout the entire water column. Upper current variability above the permanent thermocline with a dominant period of about 50–60 days is shown to be closely related to the displacement of an anticyclonic warm eddy associated with the westward meander of the Offshore Branch. Fluctuations of deep currents below the permanent thermocline have a dominant period of about 40 days. Coherence between the current near the seabed and shallower depths is statistically significant up to 360 m for a period range between 15 and 100 days, but less significantly correlated with currents in the upper 200 m. Data from the densely equipped mooring line reveal that mean and eddy kinetic energies are minima at 1000 m, where isotherm slopes are also relatively flat. Empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analyses suggest that more than 79% of total variances of upper and deep currents can be explained by their respective first EOF mode characterized by nearly depth-independent eigenvectors. Spectral and EOF analyses of observed currents suggest that most of the deep current variability is not directly related to local upper current variability during the observation period.     

渤海及黄海北部的风海流数值计算及余流计算

依据黄渤海实测风的资料对渤海及北黄海进行了月平均风海流数值计算。计算表明 ,1月份在西北风的作用下 ,在渤海出现 1个逆时针旋转的环流 ,在辽东湾北部及黄海北部出现 1个顺时针旋转的环流 ,渤海海峡的海流北进南出。 7月份在南风和东南风的作用下 ,风海流的变化形式与 1月份大致相反 ,海峡处呈南进北出的形式。对渤海中部某点 1年的潮流资料通过低通滤波的方法计算逐时的余流值 ,得到该点 1年内表层最大的实测余流为 31.9cm/ s,全年 90 %多的时间内表层余流小于 10 cm/ s。对辽东湾北部某点和渤海湾西南部某点数月潮流资料也进行了低通滤波 ,并将得到的逐时余流与同步风作了比较。依据该 2点风和余流的关系以及黄海北部 6个点风和余流的关系验证了风海流数值计算的结果 ,表明在这些点上实测与计算结果拟合良好     

Numerical simulation of the upper ocean currents in South China Sea

ＮｕｍｅｒｉｃａｌｓｉｍｕｌａｔｉｏｎｏｆｔｈｅｕｐｐｅｒｏｃｅａｎｃｕｒｒｅｎｔｓｉｎＳｏｕｔｈＣｈｉｎａＳｅａ￥ＬｉＲｏｎｇｆｅｎｇ；ＨｕａｎｇＱｉｚｈｏｕａｎｄＷａｎｇＷｅｎｚｈｉ（ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＡｔｍｏｓｐｈｅｒｉｃＰｈｙｓｉｃｓ，Ｃ...     

黄、渤海表层沉积物中钙质超微化石分布规律与黄海暖流流路

黄、渤海表层沉积物中钙质超微化石有较广泛分布,属种较大洋和开阔海少而单调。黄海南部见有14个种,北黄海及渤海海峡4～5个种,渤海沿岸区2～3个种。钙质超微化石分异度D_H以及主要化石种相对百分含量的高值区的主轴线的走向与现代黄海暖流的流路密切相关。得出黄海暖流由南黄海东南部流入北黄海,通过渤海海峡的北侧进入渤海,在渤海中部呈南北向伸展。     

Three-dimensional circulation in northern South China Sea during early summer of 2015

Using the hydrographic data obtained during two nearly simultaneous surveys in June 2015, we carried out semidiagnostic calculations with the help of a finite element model and a modified inverse method, to study the circulation in the northern South China Sea(NSCS) during the early summer of 2015. A number of new circulation features were found.(1) In most of the observation region, a large, basin-scale anticyclonic gyre appeared south of the 50-m isobath, which contained anticyclonic eddies. One anticyclonic eddy existed from the sea surface to 50-m depth, whose center showed no tilt, while the center of another eddy tilted eastward from the sea surface to 500-m depth. In the eastern part of the observation region, which is west of the Dongsha Islands, there was a sub-basinscale cyclonic gyre containing a cyclonic eddy whose center tilted southward from the sea surface to 200-m depth.(2) There was a cross-continental slope current(CCSC) in the area southwest of the Dongsha Islands. Its volume transport was about 2.0×10~6 m~3/s.(3) From the estimated order of magnitude of the stream function equation, the joint effect term of the baroclinity and relief(JEBAR) and β-effect term are two important dynamic mechanisms affecting the variation of the circulation in the NSCS.(4) The JEBAR, as a transport-generating term, resulted in the dynamic mechanism determining the pattern of the depth-averaged flow across the contours of potential vorticity fH~(–1). Furthermore, we show that the negative values of the JEBAR were the most dominant dynamic mechanism, causing the CCSC southwest of the Dongsha Islands to deflect from the isobaths and veer toward the deep water. The CCSC around the Dongsha Islands was located further southwest during the early summer of2015 than during the fall of 2005(revealed by a published study), which suggests that the location of the CCSC around the Dongsha Islands may vary with season.     

长江口邻近海域余流的基本特征分析

根据2005年7月、2005年11月和2006年5月在长江口及其邻近海域进行的大范围水文调查资料,深入分析该海域余流的平面分布,垂直变化,大、小潮变化,季节变化等特征。结果表明,所测区域影响余流的因素很多,有底形、斜压、径流量、风应力、底摩擦、台湾暖流、浙江沿岸流、江苏沿岸流以及各因素间的相互作用。     

南黄海西部初夏潮致-风生环流的数值模拟

基于有限体积方法的海洋数值模式FVCOM,计算了南黄海西部六月份潮致余流及风生环流,分析了潮致余流、初夏风生环流各自的环流结构,得出六月份该区域风生环流占主导,偏南风的作用较为显著,潮致余流相对较弱。最后将风和潮汐进行耦合计算,得出该区域初夏的环流结构,表层海水大体为由南至北的流动,说明该区域风力为主要驱动力。计算结果与流速及环流实测资料吻合较好,为进一步研究浒苔的漂移轨迹等奠定了动力基础。     

Measurement of the current and spectral analysis on the continental shelf in the East China Sea

Direct measurements of current velocity and water temperature were undertaken at the mooring Sta. M (125°29.38' N, 31°49.70' E) on the continental shelf area in the East China Sea in June 1999 by R/V Xiangyanghong 14. The relationship between various time series of oceanic fluctuations is calculated by spectral analysis. The major results are as follows: (1) an average (u,v) of (6.9,-3.0 cm/s) at the 30 m depth is obtained during the 9-day observation, and that at the 45 m depth is (3.7,-1.1 cm/s), i. e., the mean flows are southeastward at both the 30 and 45 m depths;the currents become stronger gradually during the observation period; this may be mainly attributed to the transition of the tidal currents from neap to spring; (2)semidiurnal fluctuation is the most dominant in the current fluctuations, and rotates mainly clockwise; in the next place, there is also diurnal fluctuation;the local inertial period is close to the period of diurnal fluctuation, and an inertial motion is clockwise; thus, loca     

Measurement of the current and spectral analysis on the continental shelf in the East China Sea

Direct measurements of current velocity and water temperature were undertaken at the mooring Sta. M (125°29.38' N,31°49.70'E) on the continental shelf area in the East China Sea in June 1999 by R/V Xiangyanghong 14. The relationship between various time series of oceanic fluctuations is calculated by spectral analysis. The major results are as follows: (1) an average (u,v) of (6.9,-3.0 cm/s) at the 30 m depth is obtained during the 9-day observation, and that at the 45 m depth is (3.7,-1.1 cm/s), I. E., the mean flows are southeastward at both the 30 and 45 m depths;the currents become stronger gradually during the observation period; this may be mainly attributed to the transition of the tidal currents from neap to spring; (2)semidiurnal fluctuation is the most dominant in the current fluctuations, and rotates mainly clockwise; in the next place, there is also diurnal fluctuation;the local inertial period is close to the period of diurnal fluctuation, and an inertial motion is clockwise; thus, local inertial motion combines with diurnal fluctuation, and makes the spectral peaks in clockwise components much higher than those in counterclockwise ones;except for the fluctuations of above main periods, there is also the peak at 3 d period for counterclockwise components in the upper and lower layers; (3) the calculation of cross spectra between two time series of current velocities at the 30 and 45 m depths shows that both the current fluctuations at the 30 and 45 m depths are much alike, I. E.,they are synchro; this shows that the flow field here is rather vertically homogeneous; (4)power spectra of temperature time series at both the 30 and 45 m depths show that the semidiurnal peak is the most predominant, and the second highest peak is the diurnal period; besides spectral peaks at above periods, there are also obvious spectral peaks at 6.8 h and 2 d; (5)plots of temperature time series at 16,30,35,45 and 50 m depths show that the temporal variations of temperature at these depths are synchro, which are like those in the velocity field; temperature records also show a gradual rise in temperature, which are also like those in the velocity field.     

楚科奇海夏季潮流和余流观测研究

根据2008年8月5日至9月7日在楚科奇海布放的一套锚碇潜标观测系统(71°40.024′N,167°58.910′W)获得的海流剖面资料研究了该海区的海流分布特征,重点探讨了潮流的垂向结构、余流剖面特征及海流的斜压性.结果表明:(1)该海域主要分潮为半日潮M1,S2和N2,近日分潮O1,天文分潮MM和MSF,其中以M...