兰州市榆中盆地地球水化学特征与地温场分析

榆中盆地位于兰州—定西中新生代凹陷盆地的中部。为探求和寻找可供开发利用的地热资源 ,从 1999年春节开始 ,对榆中盆地地热形成机制进行了初步研究 ,5月开始进行地温、水化学的全面调查与实地测定。结果 ,发现地球水化学与地温场存在密切关系 ,并依此确定了地热异常区和深部断裂构造。其形态、空间分布特征与后来物探电测深成果和钻探成果基本一致。证实榆中盆地存在地热构造背景条件和深热源机制 ,为进一步的地热勘探和地热资源开发提供了可靠依据。     

电测深在榆中盆地地热勘查中的应用

:榆中盆地地热异常区 ,处于区域性地热背景之上 ,具有深源热机制。应用电测深推断盆地基底构造、盖层结构 ,其中部断阶带基底隆升 ,断裂构造发育 ,储、盖层具备 ,是地热赋存有利部位。由电测深曲线极小值视电阻率圈定出热异常的范围、导热构造 ,为地热评价、开发提供依据     

兰州断陷盆地地热资源勘查与热储分析

兰州新生代断陷盆地是在中生代盆地基础上发展演化而成,盆地包括兰州、永登、榆中3个坳陷。通过对兰州坳陷重力、大地电场岩性测深勘查,揭示了该坳陷基底构造形态、断裂分布;利用二氧化硅水文地球化学地热温标和井中测温预测地热异常分布范围;通过兰石厂深孔测井资料分析,指出热储存在部位;并预测兰州地区地热资源前景和勘查有利地段。     

广东东莞盆地地热地质条件及勘探前景

为探讨广东中新生代盆地隐伏地热资源的勘探开发前景,在充分搜集大量资料的基础上,根据沉积盆地地热资源形成的原理,结合东莞盆地地热地质条件,对东莞盆地地热的热源、储层、盖层、热水通道条件进行分析研究。结果表明,东莞盆地具备较好的成热条件,具有形成热传导型中低温地热系统的地热地质条件,在断裂破碎带尤其是断裂交汇地段是沉积盆地最有利的成热部位,勘探开发前景良好。     

洛阳市的地热资源及合理开发利用分析

洛阳盆地是构造形成的断陷盆地。盆地内储存的地热主要有两种类型:一是对流型地热,二是传导型地热。对流型地热主要分布在龙门山一带,其特点是水温高、水量大、分布集中;传导型地热主要分布在盆地内及西、北部边缘地带,其特点是水温低、水量小、分布分散。目前,洛阳市的地热开采主要集中在龙门山地段,盆地内的地热开采相对较少;龙门山地段的地热开采由于缺乏统一的规划,开采处于无序状态,个别地段、个别层位开采井过于集中,开采量已超过补给量,地下热水水位(头)处于下降状态。落实洛阳市的地热勘察,制定合理的开采规划,调整目前的开采井布局,控制开采量,使地热开采实现可持续发展,是洛阳市有关部门应该抓紧做好的工作。     

中国油田地热研究的进展和发展趋势

油田地热是地热学的一门重要分支学科,而沉积盆地的热历史则是油田地热学研究的核心内容。油田地热主要研究含油气盆地的今、古地温状况,盆地热历史及其与油气形成的关系。地热与石油是共存于沉积盆地的两种资源。近年来,油田地热的研究还拓展到油气区地热资源的勘查和地热能的开发利用等方面。文中对近年来我国含油气盆地的地热特征、深部热结构和热-流变结构、盆地热历史重建的研究现状和存在问题进行了综述,探讨了我国油气区地热资源的勘查、开发和利用现状及发展趋势,以期对中国油田地热研究的进展和发展趋势有进一步的了解。     

特约主编致读者

<正>地热与石油是共存于沉积盆地的两种资源。油田地热是地热学的一门重要分支学科,它主要涉及含油气盆地的今、古地温状况,盆地热历史及其与油气形成的关系。近年来,油田地热的研究也拓展到油气区地热资源的勘查和地热能的开发利用等方面。以"油田地热"为主题专辑的19篇论文分为两部分内容:一是与油气勘探密切相关的沉积盆地热体制研究成果,主要包括含油气盆地的地热特征、深部热结构和热一流变结构、盆地热历史重建等方面的成果;     

云南保山盆地地热形成机制探讨

云南保山盆地是典型断陷盆地,众多温泉沿断层带出露,推断该盆地热源为地慢热流,热通道为盆地边缘的大断裂,盆地新近系、第四系粘土质岩等为地热良好的热储盖层,盆地地处高热流区,保山盆地具有较好的热源、热通道、热储盖层条件,地热开发前景良好。     

地热系统类型划分与主控因素分析

为了更好地进行地热开发利用,该文在前人研究基础上,将地热系统定义为一个相对独立的地质单元,以热源为中心,包含热生成—运移—聚集所需要的地质要素和地质作用,这些要素和作用组成了能形成热能聚集的功能单元。根据地质构造背景,地热系统可分为隆起山地型地热系统(Ⅰ型)和沉积盆地型地热系统(Ⅱ型)两大类。根据热源类型,地热系统可细分为隆起山地岩浆型地热系统(Ⅰ1型)、隆起山地非岩浆型地热系统(Ⅰ2型)、沉积盆地岩浆型地热系统(Ⅱ1型)、沉积盆地非岩浆型地热系统(Ⅱ2型)4亚类。根据热的赋存方式,上述4亚类地热系统可进一步细分为隆起山地岩浆水热型地热系统、隆起山地岩浆干热型地热系统等8种类型。充足的热源是一切地热系统形成的基础。充足的水源补给和断裂发育是隆起山地水热型地热系统形成的主控因素,一定埋深的大规模优质储层是沉积盆地水热型地热系统形成的主控因素。埋藏较浅的高渗透性储层及较好的盖层,是干热型地热系统形成的主控因素。     

青海省贵德县(盆地)地热资源的开发利用

本文以贵德盆地地热地质条件为背景,结合贵德盆地多年的地热探采积累的资料,论述该盆地地热资源赋存特点,并对地热成井工艺和对地热的合理的开发利用提出了见解,对类似山间盆地地热资源的开发利用具有一定的借鉴意义。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

NONMETALS DEPOSITS

正20141520 Bo Ying(Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment,MLR,Beijing 100037,China);Liu Chenglin Saline Spring Hydrochemical Characteristics and Indicators for Potassium Exploration in Southwestern and Northern Tarim Basin,Xinjiang(Acta Geoscientica Sinica,ISSN1006-3021,CN11-3474/P,34(5),2013,p.594-602,5 illus.,3 tables,28 refs.)     

MATHEMATICAL GEOLOGY

正20141243Chen Ge(Hangzhou Research Institute of Petroleum Geology,PetroChina,Hangzhou 310023,China);Si Chunsong Study on Sedimentary Numerical Simulation Method of Fan Delta Sand Body(Journal of Geology,     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20142599Chen Sanming(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Concealed Deposits Exploration,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin541004,China);He Yuzhou Block Model and Reserves Estimation of Panzhihua Iron Deposit Based on 3D Geological Modeling(Journal of Guilin University of Technology,ISSN1674-9057,CN45-1375/N,33(4),2013,p.610-615,9illus.,1table,15refs.)     

STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY

正20140594 Bai Daoyuan(Hunan Institute of Geology Survey,Changsha 410016,China);Zhong Xiang Faults in the Jingzhou Basin and Their Tectonic Settings(Geotectonica et Metallogenia,ISSN1001-1552,CN44-1595/P,37(2),2013,p.173-183,6illus.,59refs.)Key words:basin evolution,tectonic setting,South China In the Upper Paleozoic and Jurassic se-     

STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY

正20141912Cao Hui(State Key Laboratory for Continental Tectonics and Dynamics,Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China)Gravitational Collapse and Folding during Orogenesis:A Comparative Study of FIA Trends and Fold Axial Plane Traces(Geology in China,ISSN1000-3657,CN11-1167/P,40(6),2013,p.1818-1828,9illus.,35refs.,with